اشتباه رایج


*Despite/in spite of vs although*
#grammar_tips #grammar #grammar_point

✅ Despite the heat, she wouldn't take her coat off.

✅ In spite of the heat, she wouldn't take her coat off.


بنابراین جمله‌ی زیر اشتباه است
❌ Despite of my qualifications, I couldn't get a job.


✅ Despite my qualifications, I couldn't get a job.
✅ In spite of my qualifications, I couldn't get a job.


✅ In spite of owning two cars, he can't drive.
(in spite of + verb + ing)

✅ Despite owning two cars, he can't drive.
(despite + verb + ing

✅ Although he owns two cars, he can't drive.
. (although + independent clause)


جمله‌ی زیر اشتباه است:
❌ Despite the train was empty, he came and sat in front of me.

✅ Although the train was empty, he came and sat in front of me.
✅ Despite the train being empty, he came and sat in front of me.


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💥 Common mistakes 💥

☄Stop + -ing

❌ The wind has almost stopped to blow.

✅ The wind has almost stopped blowing.
باد تقریباً خوابیده است.

🚥🚥🚥🚥🚥🚥🚥🚥🚥
☄ Busy + -ing

❌ He was busy to revise the exams.

✅ He was busy revising for the exams.
برای امتحانات مشغول دوره کردن درس ها بود.

🚥🚥🚥🚥🚥🚥🚥🚥🚥
✴️ (be) Worth + -ing

❌ Is today's film worth to see?

✅ Is today's film worth seeing?
فیلم امروز ارزش دیدن دارد؟

🚥🚥🚥🚥🚥🚥🚥🚥🚥
✴️ Have difficulty in + -ing

❌ She has no difficulty to do it.

✅️ She has no difficulty in doing it.
مشکلی (/اشکالی) در انجام این کار ندارد.

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❌Of all the movies, that one seems less deserving of the award.

✅Of all the movies, that one seems least deserving of the award.

✨همانطور كه ميدانيم "less "يك صفت تفضيلى (comparative) ميباشدبه معناى "كمتر" ؛كه براى مقايسه بين دو چيز استفاده ميشود.

در حالى كه "least "صفتى عالى (superlative) است به معناى "كمترين" و براى مقايسه بين چند چيز استفاده ميشود.

☄در مثال بالا عبارت “of all the movies” نشان ميدهد كه مقايسه بين بيشتر از دو چيز است پس كلمه ى صحيح ”least” ميباشد.

مثال هاى بيشتر:
📌You know you’re in trouble when the lobster stuffed with caviar is the least expensive thing on the menu.

📌I like you less than I did yesterday.

📌Nothing she could say would make me the least bit interested in going back to her.

📌I’m less curious than you are about how the book ends.


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🔵 اسم هاى غير قابل شمارش

بعضى اسم ها در زبان انگليسى غير قابل شمارش هستند. يعنى جمع بسته نميشوند. اسم هاى زير معروف ترين انها هستند:
advice, advertising, food, furniture, garbage, information, knowledge, money, shopping, time, traffic, travel.

✅با اسامى غير قابل شمارش بايد:
👇🏻
1️⃣مفرد اين كلمات را به كار بريد:

☑️food, information, money
a little / amount of / much / some:

📌How much money do you have?
📌The amount of traffic on the roads is increasing each year.

2️⃣فعل مفرد به كار بريد:

📌There was already a little furniture in the flat.


✅اگر اسم غير قابل شمارش باشد موارد زير را با ان نميتوان به كار برد:

1️⃣صورت جمع اين كلمات را نميتوان به كار برد:

❌advices, furnitures, garbages, informations, knowledges

2️⃣نميتوان از a / an استفاده كرد:

❌an advice, a knowledge, a garbage

3️⃣نميتوان از a few, many و number of استفاده كرد:

❌a few shopping, many traffic, the number of knowledge

4️⃣نميتوان از يك عدد استفاده كرد:

❌three furniture, four travels

5️⃣نميتوان از فعل جمع استفاده كرد:

❌There were a little furniture in the flat.


🛑 توجه: اگر ميخواهيد به اسامى غير قابل شمارش عدد اضافه كنيد ميتوانيد از عبارات زير استفاده كنيد:

☑️a piece of / some / a few pieces of:

📌a piece of advice, three pieces of furniture, a few pieces of garbage

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🌟 Rimind [remind to/of/about/that/what/how]

📍1-remind + that:

-Let me remind you that you are expected to arrive on time.

-Mrs Welland reminded her son that they still had several people to see

📍2-remind + about:

-You remind someone about something when you tell them to remember it.

-The girls constantly had to be reminded about their chores.

📍3-remind + to:

-Remind me to buy some milk tonight.

📍4-remind + of:

-Being on the farm reminded me of my childhood.

📍5-remind + (of) + what/how:

-I was reminded how lucky I was.

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❌Either Tom or Henry have lost the book.

✅Either Tom or Henry has lost the book.

🔵 به ياد داشته باشيد كه “or”و “nor” فقط دو قسمت نهاد را از هم جدا ميكند. در واقع جمله ميگويد يا تام يا هرى. نه هردوى انها باهم.
و هركدام از اين دو فرد يك نفر هستند پس فاعل مفرد است؛ بنابر اين فعل را هم بايد به تناسب با ان مفرد به كار بريم.

🌟مثال هاى بيشتر:👇🏻👇🏻

📌Either an apple or a banana is in his lunch bag every day.
(هر دو قسمت فاعل مفرد اند؛ فعل هم مفرد مى ايد)

📌Either Carrie or Maria has been baby-sitting for them. (فاعل مفرد، فعل مفرد.)

📌Either the O’Malley’s or the Smiths have the best garden each year.
(فاعل هاى جمع، فعل جمع.)

📌Either Diane or her parents are going to pay the bill.
(يك قسمت فاعل جمع و قسمت ديگر مفرد است؛ فعل به صورت جمع است چون در كنار قسمت جمع فاعل قرار گرفته است.)

📌Either the two cats or the dog is going to have to go.
(يك فاع مفرد يك فاعل جمع؛ فعل در كنار فاعل مفرد است پس مفرد به كار ميرود.)

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🔵 به معنا و تفاوت کلمات زیر توجه کنید:
1️⃣ rainfall = the amount of rain that usually falls in an area during a certain period
مقدار بارندگی (در یک منطقه در یک دوره‌ی مشخص)

📍The whole region has a very low rainfall at this time of the year.
کل منطقه مقدار بارندگی بسیار کمی در این دوره از سال دارد.

2️⃣ rain
این کلمه به معنی باران است و با ساختارهای زیر استفاده می‌شود:

الف) همراه با it بعنوان فاعل و rain در نقش فعل:
📍 It's raining again!
دوباره داره بارون می‌باره.
• This month it's rained nearly every day.

ب) همراه با کلمه‌ی there در ابتدای جمله:
• There's been a lot of rain this month.
این ماه بارندگی زیادی بوده.

🌟 با توجه به توضیحات داده شده، جمله‌ی زیر اشتباه است:
❌ There was no rainfall for over three months.

❇️ شکل صحیح جمله‌ی گفته شده 👇
✅ There was no rain for over three months.
✅ It didn't rain for over three months.
بیش از سه ماه است که باران نباریده.

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🔵 پس از although و even though از فاعل و فعل استفاده ميكنيم. even though كمى قوى تر و موكدتر از although است.

✳️ Although/ even though:

📌We enjoyed the course, although we would have liked more grammar practice.

📌Although they saw each other every day, they didn't really know each other.

📌Even though he spoke very quietly, l understood every word.

📌He didn't get the job, even though he had all the necessary qualifications.


✳️Though:

استفاده از though نيز مانند although است:

📌Though sarah wasn't keen on the film, she thought the music was beautiful.

همچنين though ميتواند در اخر عبارت دوم هم قرار بگيرد ولى مختص اسپيكينگ است:
📌I waited ages for my food. The waiter was really nice, though.

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🔵صفات و قيد ها:


📍از so با قيد ها و صفت ها استفاده ميكنيم تا انها را قوى تر كنيم

📌It's so hot today!
📌He looks so young in that photo.
📌She walks so slowly. It's so annoying!

✳️اگر صفات و قيدهاى comparative (مقايسه اى) را به كار برده ايم بايد از so much براى شدت دادن به ان استفاده كنيم:

📌Sam and Sarah were so much more innocent when they were younger.
📌we work so much more quickly when we can concentrate.


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❇️ By contrast / In contrast / On the contrary

💫 ايا اين سه عبارت كاملا با هم مترادف اند و در كاربرد فرقى با هم ندارند؟ چه موقع كدام يك را بايد به كار بريم؟

➡️By contrast / In contrast:
☄ استفاده از اين دو عبارت در رايتينگ تسك 1 و تسك 2 كاملا مناسب و درست است. اين دو عبارت معنا و كاربرد كاملا يكسانى دارند و همانند ديگر عبارات (however, on the other hand ) تضاد و مقايسه را بيان ميكنند.
عبارات By / In contrast را ابتداى جمله و با يك كاما پس از contrast به كار ببريد.
🌟 براى مثال:
📌Unemployment rose in the UK. By contrast, the number of unemployed people in Canada fell.

➡️On the contrary:
اين عبارت در قسمت هاى مختلف آيلتس كاربرد چندانى ندارد. اين عبارت با دو عبارت قبلى (By / In contrast) معناى يكسانى ندارد.
از On the contrary براى تكذيب كردن حقيقت چيزى و توضيح انكه خلاف ان چيز درست است استفاده ميشود.
🌟براى مثال:
📌- Person 1: "You had some problems with your hotel, didn't you?"

- Person 2: "On the contrary, the hotel was great, but the airline lost my suitcase."

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☄ Like

(a) What movies do you like?
(b) What was the movie like?
💥کلمه like در زبان انگلیسی در دو نقش دستوری به‌کار می‌رود.
در جمله (a)، like فعل است👆. فعل like به معنی دوست داشتن یا علاقه‌مند بودن است. جمله (a) درباره اینکه چه فیلم‌هایی را دوست دارید، سوال می‌پرسد. در این حالت، همواره برای سوالی یا منفی کردن جمله از فعل کمکی do استفاده می‌کنیم.

(c) James likes playing football.
(d) James doesn’t like watching football.
(e) Do you like watching football?


💫همواره بعد از فعل like به مفعول نیاز داریم. برای این منظور می‌توانیم از اسم(f) ، verb + ing (g) یا مصدر با to (h) استفاده کنیم.
(f) Bobby likes pizza.
(g) Bobby likes eating pizza.
(h) Bobby likes to eat pizza.
❇️در نظر داشته باشید که جملات (g) و (h) هم‌معنی هستند.

✅ در جمله (b)، like حرف اضافه است و در آخر جمله می‌آید.
در این حالت به یک فعل ربطی، معمولا be، استفاده می‌کنیم. حرف‌اضافه like برای توصیف به‌کار می‌رود و جمله (b) می‌پرسد که فیلم چگونه بود.

🌟حرف‌اضافه like علاوه بر فعل be با افعال ربطی دیگر، به‌خصوص look استفاده می‌شود.
(i) He looks like his brother.
(j) She is very much like her mother.
(k) Is Japanese food like Chinese?


#گرامر
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🔵 who, which and whose


در كلازهاى non-defining relative هم از who, which و whose استفاده ميكنيم. Which براى صحبت از چيزها، who براى صحبت از اشخاص و whose براى صحبت از مالكيتى كه كسى يا چيزى دارد.

براى مثال:

📌Yesterday I met my new boss, who was very nice.

📌The house, which is very big, is also very cold!

📌My next-door neighbour, whose children go to school with ours, has just bought a new car.

📌After the port there is a row of fisherman's houses, whose lights can be seen from across the bay.

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Thank you teacher. ❌
Thank you, teacher.❌
Thank you Teacher. ❌

Thank you, Teacher. ✅

☄When you directly address a person at the end of the sentence, you need a comma first.

🌟When you use an occupation/title in direct address (instead of their name) you should capitalize it.


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❇️ Would prefer

🌟 درمورد کاری که خودتون ترجیح می دید انجام بدید:

👉 Would prefer + to +verb

Today, I'd prefer to eat a sandwich for lunch.
I'd prefer to attend this class rather than go out with my friends.



🌟 در مورد کاری که ترجیح می دید کسی دیگه ای باید انجام بده.

دو تا ساختار هم معنی

ساختار اول
👉 Would prefer sb to do sth

I'd prefer you to drive.
My father would prefer me to clean the house.
Would you prefer me to drive?


ساختار دوم
👉 Would prefer it if + simple past


I'd prefer it if you drove.
My father would prefer it if I cleaned the house.
Would you prefer it if I drove?




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Common Mistakes

Habit and Custom.

(a) Habit.

❌Don't say: Telling lies is a very bad custom.

✅ Say: Telling lies is a very bad habit.

(b) Custom.

❌Don't say:The Chinese have strange habits.

✅ Say: The Chinese have strange customs.

📌 A habit belongs to the individual, but a custom belongs to a society or country


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Learn English with Disney's COCO🤩

Watching movie is one of the best ways to learn new #vocabulary and #expressions! 📺

Today, you’ll learn #advanced English vocabulary, pronunciation, and culture through the heartwarming and colorful world of COCO!

This fun and emotional video will teach you useful #phrases, #grammar tips, and vocabulary in a way that sticks with you.

🍿So grab your popcorn (and maybe a tissue), and let’s dive into the Land of the Dead—where music and memories come alive!🫠🥹

#Coco #Pixar #LearnEnglish #LinguaVoyage #DisneyMagic #B1 #B2 #C1 #MovieNight #EnglishThroughMovies #LearnEnglishWithTVSeries

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