🔆The Forest (Conservation) Amendment Bill 2023
✅The Forest (Conservation) Amendment Bill, 2023 which seeks to amend the Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 was
referred to the Joint Committee of Parliament after its introduction in the Lok Sabha
📍Objective
✅Remove ambiguity in the applicability of the provisions of the existing Act.
✅Build forest carbon stock by raising plantations and Forest conservation.
✅Freeing up land currently locked up as unrecorded forests & Make land available for developers to meet their
legal obligation towards compensatory afforestation.
✅New Targets: To achieve Net Zero Emission targets by 2070 and to enhance forest carbon stock
📍Proposed Amendments
✅Insertion of Preamble
To encompass the country's rich tradition of preserving forests, their bio-diversity and tackling climate change challenges within its ambit.
✅Land under the Purview of the Act
🔰The land that has been declared/ notified as a forest in accordance with the provisions of the Indian Forest
Act, 1927 or under any other law for the time being in force.
i🔰The lands that are not covered under the above category, but notified as forest in Government records, as
on or after the 25th of October 1980.
It will not apply to land changed from forest use to non-forest use by any authority authorized by a state/UT on or before December 12, 1996.
✅Restriction on forest activities
It adds more exempted activities from non-forest purposesto this list
such as:
🔰Works related to the conservation, management, and development of forest and wildlife.
🔰 Zoos and safaris under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 owned by the government or any authority, in forest areas other than protected areas.
🔰Eco-tourism facilities.
🔰Silvicultural operations (enhancing forest growth).
🔰Any other purposes specified by the central government
#gs3
#environment
✅The Forest (Conservation) Amendment Bill, 2023 which seeks to amend the Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 was
referred to the Joint Committee of Parliament after its introduction in the Lok Sabha
📍Objective
✅Remove ambiguity in the applicability of the provisions of the existing Act.
✅Build forest carbon stock by raising plantations and Forest conservation.
✅Freeing up land currently locked up as unrecorded forests & Make land available for developers to meet their
legal obligation towards compensatory afforestation.
✅New Targets: To achieve Net Zero Emission targets by 2070 and to enhance forest carbon stock
📍Proposed Amendments
✅Insertion of Preamble
To encompass the country's rich tradition of preserving forests, their bio-diversity and tackling climate change challenges within its ambit.
✅Land under the Purview of the Act
🔰The land that has been declared/ notified as a forest in accordance with the provisions of the Indian Forest
Act, 1927 or under any other law for the time being in force.
i🔰The lands that are not covered under the above category, but notified as forest in Government records, as
on or after the 25th of October 1980.
It will not apply to land changed from forest use to non-forest use by any authority authorized by a state/UT on or before December 12, 1996.
✅Restriction on forest activities
It adds more exempted activities from non-forest purposesto this list
such as:
🔰Works related to the conservation, management, and development of forest and wildlife.
🔰 Zoos and safaris under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 owned by the government or any authority, in forest areas other than protected areas.
🔰Eco-tourism facilities.
🔰Silvicultural operations (enhancing forest growth).
🔰Any other purposes specified by the central government
#gs3
#environment
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🔆 Hunger & Nutrition – Key Data (2024)
📍 Undernutrition & Ranking
✅ India ranked 105/127 in Global Hunger Index 2024
✅ Over 225 million undernourished people in India
📍 Women’s Health Indicators
✅ 57% of women (aged 15–49) are anaemic
✅ 18.7% women (aged 15–49) have BMI below 18.5
✅ 6.4% women and 4.0% men (aged 15–49) are obese
✅ 23% women and 22.1% men (aged 15–49) are overweight
📍 Child Nutrition Stats
✅ Stunting (under 5 years) = 35% (global avg = 23%)
✅ Underweight children = 30% (global avg = 13%)
✅ Wasted children = 19%
📍 Food & Welfare Coverage
✅ Food wastage in India ≈ 50 kg per person per year
✅ 99.01% beneficiaries covered under National Food Security Act (NFSA), 2013 in 2023–24
#GS2 #GS3 #GS1 #Ethics #essay #social_issue #mains
📍 Undernutrition & Ranking
✅ India ranked 105/127 in Global Hunger Index 2024
✅ Over 225 million undernourished people in India
📍 Women’s Health Indicators
✅ 57% of women (aged 15–49) are anaemic
✅ 18.7% women (aged 15–49) have BMI below 18.5
✅ 6.4% women and 4.0% men (aged 15–49) are obese
✅ 23% women and 22.1% men (aged 15–49) are overweight
📍 Child Nutrition Stats
✅ Stunting (under 5 years) = 35% (global avg = 23%)
✅ Underweight children = 30% (global avg = 13%)
✅ Wasted children = 19%
📍 Food & Welfare Coverage
✅ Food wastage in India ≈ 50 kg per person per year
✅ 99.01% beneficiaries covered under National Food Security Act (NFSA), 2013 in 2023–24
#GS2 #GS3 #GS1 #Ethics #essay #social_issue #mains
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🔆 Fertilisers in Indian Agriculture
✅ India’s position:
• 3rd largest producer
• 2nd largest consumer (after China)
📊 FAO
✅ Fertiliser subsidy:
• 0.5% of GDP (2nd after food subsidy)
• ₹1.75 lakh crore
• Only 35% reaches intended beneficiaries
📊 NITI Aayog
✅ Urea dominates sector:
• 85% produced, 75% consumed, 50% imported
📊 Economic Survey
✅ NPK Ratio:
• Ideal = 4:2:1
• 2023–24 actual = 10.9:4.4:1
📊 Fertiliser Association of India
#Data #GS3 #GS1 #mains #agriculture
✅ India’s position:
• 3rd largest producer
• 2nd largest consumer (after China)
📊 FAO
✅ Fertiliser subsidy:
• 0.5% of GDP (2nd after food subsidy)
• ₹1.75 lakh crore
• Only 35% reaches intended beneficiaries
📊 NITI Aayog
✅ Urea dominates sector:
• 85% produced, 75% consumed, 50% imported
📊 Economic Survey
✅ NPK Ratio:
• Ideal = 4:2:1
• 2023–24 actual = 10.9:4.4:1
📊 Fertiliser Association of India
#Data #GS3 #GS1 #mains #agriculture
❤19👍2
📘 Land, Forest, and Water Data – Snapshot
✅ 1 million sq km of land is getting degraded each year, with an estimated 15 million sq km already impacted (more than the entire continent of Antarctica) by land degradation
🔹 UNCCD – Land Degradation
✅ 27.77% of the total land area is degraded
🔹 SDG India Index 2024 – Land Degradation
✅ 46% global land area classified as drylands, home to a third of humanity
🔹 UNCCD Report – Drylands
✅ Forest Cover in India = 25% of geographical area (81 million hectares)
🔹 ISFR 2021 – Forest Cover
✅ There has been a net increase of 58,891 sq km in forest cover and 14,277 sq km in tree cover in the last two decades (2001 to 2021)
🔹 ISFR 2021
✅ Area under mangroves = 4992 sq km
🔹 ISFR 2021 – Mangroves
✅ 1.3 million hectares area covered under afforestation schemes
🔹 SDG India Index 2024 – Afforestation
✅ Remaining global forest cover is 60% — well below the safe boundary of 75%
🔹 UNCCD report – Forest Cover
✅ 20% of Earth’s land surface covered by the savanna is now under threat from cropland expansion and poorly planned afforestation
🔹 UNCCD report – Grasslands
✅ 47% aquifers of the world are being depleted faster than they are replenished
🔹 UNCCD Report – Water
✅ More than 50% of world’s major rivers disrupted by dam construction
🔹 UNCCD Report – Water, Rivers, Dam
#Data #GS3 #GS1 #GS2 #mains #essay
✅ 1 million sq km of land is getting degraded each year, with an estimated 15 million sq km already impacted (more than the entire continent of Antarctica) by land degradation
🔹 UNCCD – Land Degradation
✅ 27.77% of the total land area is degraded
🔹 SDG India Index 2024 – Land Degradation
✅ 46% global land area classified as drylands, home to a third of humanity
🔹 UNCCD Report – Drylands
✅ Forest Cover in India = 25% of geographical area (81 million hectares)
🔹 ISFR 2021 – Forest Cover
✅ There has been a net increase of 58,891 sq km in forest cover and 14,277 sq km in tree cover in the last two decades (2001 to 2021)
🔹 ISFR 2021
✅ Area under mangroves = 4992 sq km
🔹 ISFR 2021 – Mangroves
✅ 1.3 million hectares area covered under afforestation schemes
🔹 SDG India Index 2024 – Afforestation
✅ Remaining global forest cover is 60% — well below the safe boundary of 75%
🔹 UNCCD report – Forest Cover
✅ 20% of Earth’s land surface covered by the savanna is now under threat from cropland expansion and poorly planned afforestation
🔹 UNCCD report – Grasslands
✅ 47% aquifers of the world are being depleted faster than they are replenished
🔹 UNCCD Report – Water
✅ More than 50% of world’s major rivers disrupted by dam construction
🔹 UNCCD Report – Water, Rivers, Dam
#Data #GS3 #GS1 #GS2 #mains #essay
❤5
🔆 Horticulture in India
✅ Contribution to Agri GDP:
Horticulture contributes 35% to agri GDP, employs 20% of agriculture labour force
📊 Source: National Horticulture Board
✅ Production Composition:
Fruits & vegetables = 90% of total horticulture production
📊 Source: National Horticulture Board
✅ Total Production (2022–23):
350 million tonnes – horticulture output has outpaced grain crops since 2013
📊 Source: Ministry of Agriculture
#Data #GS3 #GS1 #mains #agriculture
✅ Contribution to Agri GDP:
Horticulture contributes 35% to agri GDP, employs 20% of agriculture labour force
📊 Source: National Horticulture Board
✅ Production Composition:
Fruits & vegetables = 90% of total horticulture production
📊 Source: National Horticulture Board
✅ Total Production (2022–23):
350 million tonnes – horticulture output has outpaced grain crops since 2013
📊 Source: Ministry of Agriculture
#Data #GS3 #GS1 #mains #agriculture
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