Forwarded from Target UPSC by Dr.Sudarshan Lodha (Dr.Sudarshan Lodha Rank 571)
National Commission of Farmers
(2004-06) headed by MS Swaminathan
Recommendations
LandReforms: Distribute ceiling-surplus and
waste lands.
Establish a National Land Use Advisory
Service to link land use decisions with
ecological, meteorological factors.
Irrigation Reforms
Increase water supply through
rainwater harvesting and aquifer
recharge should become mandatory.
"Million Wells Recharge" programme,
specifically targeted at private wells
should be launched.
Promote the establishment of
Community food and water Banks
Operated by Women Self-Help Group
on principle of Store Grain and water
everywhere.
Credit and Insurance: Establish an
Agriculture Risk fund to provide relief
in natural calamities.
Issue Kishan Credit Card especially to
women at Joint Patta and develop an
integrated credit-cum-crop-livestockhuman
health insurance package.
Food Security and Farmer Welfare
Promote the establishment of
Community Food and Water Banks
operated by Women Self-help Groups
(SHG), based on the principle of ‘Store
Grain and Water everywhere'.
Set up State level Farmers' Commission
with representation of farmers for
dynamic government response to
farmers' problems.
Set up Village Knowledge Centres
(VKCs) or Gyan Chaupals in the farmers'
distress hotspots.
MSP should be at least 50% more than
the weighted average cost of
production.
The "net take home income" of farmers
should be comparable to those of civil
servants.
#agriculture
#gs3
#economy
(2004-06) headed by MS Swaminathan
Recommendations
LandReforms: Distribute ceiling-surplus and
waste lands.
Establish a National Land Use Advisory
Service to link land use decisions with
ecological, meteorological factors.
Irrigation Reforms
Increase water supply through
rainwater harvesting and aquifer
recharge should become mandatory.
"Million Wells Recharge" programme,
specifically targeted at private wells
should be launched.
Promote the establishment of
Community food and water Banks
Operated by Women Self-Help Group
on principle of Store Grain and water
everywhere.
Credit and Insurance: Establish an
Agriculture Risk fund to provide relief
in natural calamities.
Issue Kishan Credit Card especially to
women at Joint Patta and develop an
integrated credit-cum-crop-livestockhuman
health insurance package.
Food Security and Farmer Welfare
Promote the establishment of
Community Food and Water Banks
operated by Women Self-help Groups
(SHG), based on the principle of ‘Store
Grain and Water everywhere'.
Set up State level Farmers' Commission
with representation of farmers for
dynamic government response to
farmers' problems.
Set up Village Knowledge Centres
(VKCs) or Gyan Chaupals in the farmers'
distress hotspots.
MSP should be at least 50% more than
the weighted average cost of
production.
The "net take home income" of farmers
should be comparable to those of civil
servants.
#agriculture
#gs3
#economy
FTA- Merits and demerits in RCEP context:-
Merits of FTA-
•Increased Economic Growth
•More Dynamic Business Climate
•International Specialization
•India will for first time join a big regional trade pact.
•Pharma industry confident of market access
•Cotton yarn sees big market India can extract some gains for its services industry
•Safeguard against the Advent of Monopolies
•Increase in World Production and World Consumption
•Economic links with Other Countries
•Foreign Direct Investment
•Pooling of Expertise
•Technology Transfer
•Opens new avenues of market
•Forces local industries to improve competitively
•Allows companies to discover new technologies and better ways of doing things
•Mutual co-op b/w countries→Regional stability.
•Lessen down scope of protectionism and unilateralism.
Demerits of FTA
•Increased Job Outsourcing
•Theft of Intellectual Property
•Crowd out Domestic Industries
•Degradation of Natural Resources
•Destruction of Native Cultures
•Destruction of traditional livelihoods
•Import of Expensive Harmful Goods
•Rivalry and Friction
•Environmental Destruction
•Past Testimonials:-The ASEAN-India FTA, and the CEPAs with Korea and Japan did not work in India’s favour.
•Discouraging domestic manufacturing and hurting the ‘Make in India’
•Major industries, including textiles and clothing, have struggled to face import competition
•Trade deficit may worsen
•Disproportionate loss of customs revenue
Way Forward:
•The government must recognise that unless Indian agriculture and manufacturing sectors emerge strong and efficient, participation in the RCEP process could be regressive for the economy.
•Finally, it may be pointed out that proactive governments, especially in countries that are driving the RCEP process, have consistently adopted effective policy instruments to improve competitiveness of their domestic enterprises.
•India’s policymakers need to take a cue from these forward-looking policies and adopt them for preparing the domestic producers to take up the RCEP challenge
#Gs2
#Gs3
Merits of FTA-
•Increased Economic Growth
•More Dynamic Business Climate
•International Specialization
•India will for first time join a big regional trade pact.
•Pharma industry confident of market access
•Cotton yarn sees big market India can extract some gains for its services industry
•Safeguard against the Advent of Monopolies
•Increase in World Production and World Consumption
•Economic links with Other Countries
•Foreign Direct Investment
•Pooling of Expertise
•Technology Transfer
•Opens new avenues of market
•Forces local industries to improve competitively
•Allows companies to discover new technologies and better ways of doing things
•Mutual co-op b/w countries→Regional stability.
•Lessen down scope of protectionism and unilateralism.
Demerits of FTA
•Increased Job Outsourcing
•Theft of Intellectual Property
•Crowd out Domestic Industries
•Degradation of Natural Resources
•Destruction of Native Cultures
•Destruction of traditional livelihoods
•Import of Expensive Harmful Goods
•Rivalry and Friction
•Environmental Destruction
•Past Testimonials:-The ASEAN-India FTA, and the CEPAs with Korea and Japan did not work in India’s favour.
•Discouraging domestic manufacturing and hurting the ‘Make in India’
•Major industries, including textiles and clothing, have struggled to face import competition
•Trade deficit may worsen
•Disproportionate loss of customs revenue
Way Forward:
•The government must recognise that unless Indian agriculture and manufacturing sectors emerge strong and efficient, participation in the RCEP process could be regressive for the economy.
•Finally, it may be pointed out that proactive governments, especially in countries that are driving the RCEP process, have consistently adopted effective policy instruments to improve competitiveness of their domestic enterprises.
•India’s policymakers need to take a cue from these forward-looking policies and adopt them for preparing the domestic producers to take up the RCEP challenge
#Gs2
#Gs3
#GS3 #Essay
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#GS3 #Essay
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Financial Empowerment
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#climatechange #gs3 #keywords
From Era of Global Warming to Global Boiling
-United Nations Secretary-General, António Guterres, warns that the Earth has transitioned from a warming phase into an "era of global boiling".
-Scientific evidence suggests that July 2023 could be the hottest month in the last 12,000 years.
-The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and the European Commission’s Copernicus Climate Change Service describe the conditions in July as "rather remarkable and unprecedented".
-Despite the grim outlook, Guterres believes it is still possible to limit global temperature rise to 1.5° C, but this would require "dramatic, immediate climate action".
From Era of Global Warming to Global Boiling
-United Nations Secretary-General, António Guterres, warns that the Earth has transitioned from a warming phase into an "era of global boiling".
-Scientific evidence suggests that July 2023 could be the hottest month in the last 12,000 years.
-The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and the European Commission’s Copernicus Climate Change Service describe the conditions in July as "rather remarkable and unprecedented".
-Despite the grim outlook, Guterres believes it is still possible to limit global temperature rise to 1.5° C, but this would require "dramatic, immediate climate action".
#GS3 #InternalSecurity #mains2025
❓ Expected UPSC Mains Question (GS3 – Internal Security):
"Synthetic drugs pose a unique internal security threat by bypassing traditional border control mechanisms and exploiting urban anonymity. Critically examine the challenges they present and evaluate India’s institutional response." (15 marks)
🔍 Why this is HIGHLY probable (2025 relevance):
🔴 Surge in urban synthetic drug labs operating from flats using precursor chemicals—no cross-border trafficking needed (The Hindu BusinessLine, April 2025)
🧪 Rise of fentanyl, methamphetamine abuse in India; difficult to detect, extremely addictive, and lethal even in microdoses
📦 Synthetic drugs transported via legal pharma consignments, masked as industrial chemicals, and traded anonymously on the dark web
🛡️ Haryana Model: India’s first Anti-Synthetic Narcotics Task Force (Ambala), upgraded Forensic Science Lab to detect and prosecute cases with scientific rigour
🌐 Global alarm: UNODC 2024 report – 70% of global drug deaths now from synthetic opioids
📉 Weaknesses in India: outdated NDPS Act, absence of dark web regulation, slow forensic capacity, and poor cyber-narcotics infrastructure
@target30upsc
#mains2025
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#GS3 #InternalSecurity #DefenceTech
❓ Expected Mains Q (GS3 – Internal Security):
“Drone warfare is rapidly evolving from a tactical tool to a strategic weapon. Discuss with global examples and evaluate India’s preparedness.” (15 marks)
🔍 Why this is HIGHLY probable (2025 relevance):
🛰️ Drone = Strategic Weapon
– Operation Spider Web (Ukraine): Cheap, AI-guided drones hit deep Russian airbases.
– Nagorno-Karabakh: Kamikaze drones dismantled air defences.
– Myanmar: Rebels using 3D-printed UAVs—low-cost warfare revolution.
🇮🇳 India’s Combat Entry – Operation Sindoor
– First real-time drone + standoff weapon use at LoC—military doctrine shift.
⚠️ Rising Threats
– China: Swarm drones (CH-901, Wing Loong), edge at LAC.
– Pakistan: Bayraktar TB2, Wing Loong via Türkiye & China.
– Non-State Actors: Weaponized commercial drones → terror risk.
@target30upsc
#mains2025
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🔴 High Alert for UPSC Mains 2025
#GS2 #Health #GS3 #EconomicDevelopment #mains2025
❓ Expected Mains Question (GS2 – Health):
“India faces a paradox of undernutrition and overnutrition. Discuss the causes and consequences of rising overnutrition in urban India and evaluate policy responses.” (15 marks)
🔍 Why This is HIGHLY Probable (2025 relevance):
📈 Urban Overnutrition Crisis
– Hyderabad IT Sector Study: 84% had fatty liver, 71% obese.
– NFHS-5 & Lancet (2025): Obesity rising sharply with wealth & age; projected 450 million obese by 2050.
🔄 Double Burden of Malnutrition
– Undernutrition in rural India + Overnutrition in urban India = poor Global Hunger Index ranking.
– High prevalence of NCDs in cities (e.g., Chennai: 65% deaths from NCDs).
⚠️ Alarming Stats
– Only 16% hypertensive patients have BP control (9% in age 18–44).
– 94.2% consume inadequate fruits/vegetables, 24.4% report low physical activity.
🧪 Lifestyle Drivers
– Sedentary tech jobs, poor diets, stress, erratic sleep.
– Urban food culture (late-night eateries, ultra-processed foods, cloud kitchens) worsening risk.
@target30upsc
#mains2025
#GS2 #Health #GS3 #EconomicDevelopment #mains2025
❓ Expected Mains Question (GS2 – Health):
“India faces a paradox of undernutrition and overnutrition. Discuss the causes and consequences of rising overnutrition in urban India and evaluate policy responses.” (15 marks)
🔍 Why This is HIGHLY Probable (2025 relevance):
📈 Urban Overnutrition Crisis
– Hyderabad IT Sector Study: 84% had fatty liver, 71% obese.
– NFHS-5 & Lancet (2025): Obesity rising sharply with wealth & age; projected 450 million obese by 2050.
🔄 Double Burden of Malnutrition
– Undernutrition in rural India + Overnutrition in urban India = poor Global Hunger Index ranking.
– High prevalence of NCDs in cities (e.g., Chennai: 65% deaths from NCDs).
⚠️ Alarming Stats
– Only 16% hypertensive patients have BP control (9% in age 18–44).
– 94.2% consume inadequate fruits/vegetables, 24.4% report low physical activity.
🧪 Lifestyle Drivers
– Sedentary tech jobs, poor diets, stress, erratic sleep.
– Urban food culture (late-night eateries, ultra-processed foods, cloud kitchens) worsening risk.
@target30upsc
#mains2025
🔴 High Alert for UPSC Mains 2025
#GS2 #Health #GS3 #EconomicDevelopment
❓ Expected Mains Question (GS2 – Health):
“India faces a paradox of undernutrition and overnutrition. Analyse the causes and consequences of rising obesity in urban India and evaluate policy responses.” (15 marks)
🔍 Why This Topic?
-Lancet 2025: India may have 450 million obese adults by 2050 – fastest growing burden in Asia.
-Urban IT sector red flag: Hyderabad study – 84% with fatty liver, 71% obese.
-Double burden of malnutrition: Overnutrition + undernutrition hurting India's GHI score & health equity.
-Economic toll: NCDs from ob@target30upsc
#mains2025
@target30upsc
#mains2025
#GS2 #Health #GS3 #EconomicDevelopment
❓ Expected Mains Question (GS2 – Health):
“India faces a paradox of undernutrition and overnutrition. Analyse the causes and consequences of rising obesity in urban India and evaluate policy responses.” (15 marks)
🔍 Why This Topic?
-Lancet 2025: India may have 450 million obese adults by 2050 – fastest growing burden in Asia.
-Urban IT sector red flag: Hyderabad study – 84% with fatty liver, 71% obese.
-Double burden of malnutrition: Overnutrition + undernutrition hurting India's GHI score & health equity.
-Economic toll: NCDs from ob@target30upsc
#mains2025
@target30upsc
#mains2025