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🔥 Ethics Committee

Establishment:
-Lok Sabha Ethics Committee was established in 2000 by Speaker G M C Balayogi.
-Became a permanent part of the House in 2015.
-Rajya Sabha Ethics Committee was established in 1997.

Composition:
-Lok Sabha Committee: Up to 15 members, nominated by the Speaker.
-Rajya Sabha Committee: 10 members, nominated by the Chairman.

Function:
-Examines complaints of unethical conduct by Lok Sabha members.
-Accepts complaints from any individual or member regarding a Lok Sabha member's unethical conduct.
-Only MPs can be examined for misconduct by the Ethics Committee.

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🎉🎊Dasha Hara is a Sanskrit word which means removal of ten bad qualities within you
🎆Kama vasana (Lust)
🎆Krodha (Anger)
🎆Moha (Attachment)
🎆Lobha (Greed)
🎆Mada (Over Pride)
🎆Matsara (Jealousy)
🎆Swartha (Selfishness)
🎆Anyaaya (Injustice)
🎆Amanavta (Cruelty)
🎆Ahankara (Ego)
🌟🌟🌟🌟🌟🌟🌟🌟It's also known as 'Vijaydashami' which means Vijaya over these ten bad qualities.
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🔥Purchasing Managers' Index

What Is the Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI)?

-The Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) is an index of the prevailing direction of economic trends in the manufacturing and service sectors.

-It aims to inform company decision-makers, analysts, and investors about current and future business conditions.

-Calculation: PMI is calculated separately for manufacturing and services sectors, and a composite index is also constructed.

- The index ranges from 0 to 100, where above 50 indicates expansion, below 50 indicates contraction, and 50 means no change.

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What is Marine cloud brightening ?
-Marine cloud brightening also known as marine cloud seeding and marine cloud engineering is a proposed solar radiation management climate engineering technique that would make clouds brighter, reflecting a small fraction of incoming sunlight back into space .

Objective:
-To reflect more sunlight back into space.
-Mitigate global warming and climate change.

How Does It Work?
-Mechanism:Fine sea salt particles are sprayed into the air to act as cloud condensation nuclei.
-Result: Formation of brighter, whiter clouds that reflect more sunlight.


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🔥 Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty (CTBT)

● Russia's parliament completed the passage of a law on withdrawing ratification of the global treaty banning nuclear weapons tests.

● The CTBT is a multilateral treaty aimed at banning all nuclear explosions, whether for military or peaceful purposes.

● The CTBT was negotiated at the Conference on Disarmament in Geneva in 1994.

● In 1996, the United Nations adopted the CTBT, which imposed a complete ban on nuclear weapons testing, closing the gaps left by previous treaties.

● It has been signed by 187 nations and ratified by 178. However, the treaty cannot formally enter into force until it is ratified by 44 specific nations.

● Eight of these nations have yet to ratify the treaty:
— China, India, Pakistan, North Korea, Israel, Iran, Egypt, United States.

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🔥 Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons

● The convention was in the news due to use of conventional weapons in an ongoing conflict between Israel and Palestine.

● The United Nations Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons (CCW), concluded at Geneva in 1980, and entered into force in December 1983.

● It seeks to prohibit or restrict the use of certain conventional weapons which are considered excessively injurious or whose effects are indiscriminate.

● CCWC includes five protocols dealing with specific weapons.

● The convention covers fragments that are undetectable in the human body by X-rays, landmines and booby traps, and incendiary weapons, blinding laser weapons and the clearance of explosive remnants of war.

● 127 countries including India have signed and ratified the convention.

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🔥 Rafah Crossing

● The Rafah border crossing in southern Gaza has gained global attention as part of the ongoing Israeli-Palestinian conflict.

● The Rafah crossing is the southernmost exit point from the Gaza Strip, and it shares a border with Egypt's Sinai Peninsula.

● It is the only exit that does not lead to Israeli territory.

● It is under the management of Egypt as per a 2007 agreement with Israel.

● The Gaza strip, currently has three functional entry and exit points

— the Erez or the Beit Hanoun crossing in the north, and the Karem Abu Salem and Rafah crossings in the south.

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🔥 Kasturi Cotton Bharat

● On World Cotton Day on 7th October, Ministry of Textiles launched a new initiative, called Kasturi Cotton Bharat.

● Objective: To enhance the competitiveness of Indian cotton in the global market.

● Also to provide complete traceability of Kasturi Cotton Bharat across the supply chain, QR based certification technology will be used at each stage of the processing and a blockchain based software platform will provide end to end traceability and transaction certificate.

● It is a joint initiative by the Ministry of Textiles, the Cotton Corporation of India, Trade Bodies & Industry.

● Cotton Textiles Export Promotion Council (TEXPROCIL) is the implementing agency for Traceability, Certification & Branding of "KASTURI Cotton India".

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