The Game of Toppers
423 subscribers
939 photos
49 videos
20 files
127 links
Website link https://classplusapp.com/w/game-of-toppers/

For courses queries
Connect us at : 8800027716

๐Ÿ””You tube channel ๐Ÿ”ดhttps://www.youtube.com/@TheGameOfToppers1

๐ŸŒTelegram channel link ๐Ÿ”—
https://t.me/thegameoftoppers
Download Telegram
#ancient
๐Ÿ“ Buddhist councils -
Total 4 councils
โœ…first -483 BC- rajgrah -mhakashyap (president )-ajatsatru( ruler )
โœ… second -383 BC- vaishali -sabakami- kalashok
โœ…third- 255 BC- patliputra -moglipuutt tiss- Ashok
โœ…fourth- 1st A.D - kundalvan (kashmir )- vasumitra/asvghosh -kanishk
โค2
๐Ÿ“œ Eminent Personalities of Ancient India ๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡ณ

โœ… Alexander โ€“ Ruler of Macedonia, invaded India in 326 BC, reached river Beas.
โœ… Ajatashatru โ€“ Son of Bimbisara, established Pataliputra.
โœ… Arien โ€“ Greek historian, wrote about Alexanderโ€™s invasion.
โœ… Ashwaghosa โ€“ Wrote Buddha Charita, Sutralankar, and Sandaranand.
โœ… AmarSimha โ€“ Sanskrit scholar, wrote Amarakosha in Chandraguptaโ€™s court.
โœ… Aryabhatta โ€“ Explained solar & lunar eclipses, declared Earth is round, wrote Aryabhattiyam.
โœ… Bimbisara โ€“ Founded Magadha Empire (Haryanka Dynasty), first influential king.
โœ… Banabhatta โ€“ Court poet of Harshavardhana, wrote Harsha Charita & Kadambari.
โœ… Charak โ€“ Ayurvedic expert, wrote Charak-Samhita.
โœ… Amoghavarsha โ€“ Famous Rashtrakuta ruler.
โœ… Patanjali โ€“ Founded โ€˜Yoga Shastraโ€™, Hindu philosophy school.
โœ… Dhanananda โ€“ Powerful Magadha king; Alexander did not invade Magadha due to his reputation.
โœ… Darius I โ€“ Persian ruler who invaded India in 6th century BC.
โœ… Gautami Putra Satakarni โ€“ Most famous Satavahana king (2nd century).

๐Ÿ“œ Other Key Personalities

โœ… Harisena โ€“ Wrote Prayaga Prashasti (Allahabad Pillar Inscription of Samudragupta).
โœ… Kharavela โ€“ Ruler of Kalinga in 1st century AD, known for Hathigumpha inscription.
โœ… Kanishka โ€“ Kushan king, started Shaka Era, organized 4th Buddhist Council (Kundalvana, Kashmir).
โœ… Karikala โ€“ Chola ruler, founded Puhar (Kaveri Pattinam).
โœ… Kautilya (Chanakya) โ€“ Wrote Arthashastra, compared to Machiavelli.
โœ… Kalidasa โ€“ Sanskrit poet; wrote Raghuvamsa, Abhijnana Shakuntalam, Meghadutam.
โœ… Kamban โ€“ Tamil poet (11th century), wrote Ramayanam in Tamil.
โœ… Mihir Bhoja โ€“ Famous Pratihara ruler (9th century).
โœ… Kalhana โ€“ Kashmiri poet & historian, wrote Rajatarangini.
โœ… Marco Polo โ€“ Venetian traveller, visited India (13th century).
โœ… Menander โ€“ Indo-Greek king, embraced Buddhism, known as Milinda Panho.
โœ… Nagarjuna โ€“ Buddhist monk, propounded Madhyamaka philosophy.
โœ… Makkali Gosala โ€“ Founder of Ajivika Sect (6th century BC).
โœ… Mihirkula โ€“ Huna conqueror, defeated by Yashodharma.
โœ… Skandagupta โ€“ Last mighty Gupta ruler.

๐Ÿ“œ Scholars & Scientists of Ancient India

โœ… Sushrut โ€“ Doctor, wrote Sushruta-Samhita.
โœ… Pulikeshi II โ€“ Powerful Chalukya king, defeated Harshavardhana.
โœ… Pushya Mitra Sunga โ€“ Killed last Mauryan ruler, founded Sunga Dynasty (185 BC).
โœ… Pliny โ€“ Roman historian, wrote Natural History, documented Mauryas of India.
โœ… Panini โ€“ Sanskrit grammarian, wrote Ashtadhyayi.
โœ… Varahamihira โ€“ Astronomer, wrote Brihat Samhita.
โœ… Sankaracharya โ€“ Propagated Advaita philosophy, born in Kaladi, Kerala.

#history
#history #prelims_facts #prelims #ancient
๐Ÿ”† Vedic and Associated Literature

๐Ÿ“ Shruti: "That which is heard"; the authoritative religious texts of Hinduism, including the four Vedas and their embedded texts: Samhitas, Brahmanas, Aranyakas, and Upanishads.

๐Ÿ“ Smriti: "Remembered texts"; includes Vedangas, Puranas, epics, Dharmashastras, and Nitishastra.

๐Ÿ“ Vedas: The four ancient Sanskrit texts:
โœ… Rig Veda
โœ… Yajur Veda
โœ… Sama Veda
โœ… Atharva Veda

๐Ÿ“ Samhita: A collection of hymns associated with the Vedas.
๐Ÿ“ Brahmanas: Ritualistic texts explaining Vedic sacrifices.
๐Ÿ“ Aranyakas: "Forest books" forming part of the Vedic corpus.
๐Ÿ“ Vedangas: "Limbs of the Veda"; auxiliary texts.
๐Ÿ“ Gayatri Mantra: Verses from the Rig Veda invoking wisdom and enlightenment.
๐Ÿ“ Puranas: Hindu texts containing the history of various dynasties.
๐Ÿ“ Itihasa-Purana: Texts claiming to refer to past events.
๐Ÿ“ Dharmasutras: The earliest Dharmashastras, written in aphoristic style.
๐Ÿ“ Dharma-Shastra: Texts codifying social and ritual duties within the Varna system.

#history #prelims_facts #prelims #ancient_India #UPSC #PSC
๐Ÿ‘2