Access to Nutrition Initiative (ATNI)

🔹 **What is ATNI? : The Access to Nutrition Initiative (ATNI)( a non-profit global foundation) is a global program that evaluates and encourages food and beverage companies to adopt practices that promote healthier diets and combat malnutrition.

🔹 Objectives:
1. Enhance access to nutritious food globally.
2. Motivate companies to reformulate products, reduce unhealthy ingredients, and improve labeling and marketing.
3. Support global efforts to address undernutrition, obesity, and diet-related diseases.

🔹 Key Tools:
- Access to Nutrition Index: Ranks companies based on their commitments and actions toward improving nutrition.
- Spotlight Index: Focuses on nutrition initiatives in low- and middle-income countries.

🔹 Significance:
-Advocates for corporate responsibility in tackling global nutrition challenges.
-Aligns with global goals like SDG 2 (Zero Hunger) and SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-being).

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🌍 Global Energy Efficiency Alliance 🌍

🔹 In News: The UAE unveiled the Global Energy Efficiency Alliance at COP29 in Azerbaijan, aiming to drive global energy efficiency advancements.

🔹 About the Alliance:
- Goal: Double global energy efficiency rates by 2030, reducing carbon emissions and minimizing natural resource consumption.
- Strategy:
- Encourages public-private partnerships.
- Boosts investments in energy efficiency initiatives.
- Aligns with the UAE Consensus from COP28.

🔹 UAE's Role:
- Lead through knowledge sharing, capacity building, and effective partnership models with the private sector.

🔹 Significance:
1. Supports carbon emission reduction and sustainable resource use.
2. Focuses on standardization and compiling best practices globally.
3. Provides tailored assistance to African nations, including financing and technological solutions for sustainable energy progress.

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🌍 International Cooperative Alliance (ICA)🌍

🔹 Why in News: India is set to host the ICA Global Cooperative Conference for the first time, with IFFCO taking the lead. The event will also mark the launch of the UN International Year of Cooperatives-2025.

🔹 This Year’s Theme: “Cooperatives Build Prosperity for All”

🔹 About ICA:
- Founded: 1895
- Headquarters: Brussels, Belgium
- Members: Represents over 1 billion cooperative members globally, with 306 organisations from 105 countries.
- Acts as the apex body for over 3 million cooperatives worldwide.

🔹 Significance:
- Guardian of Cooperative Identity: Defines cooperatives' values, principles, and identity.
- Operates across sectors like agriculture, retail, banking, health, housing, and fisheries.
- Promotes knowledge sharing, global advocacy, and collaboration among cooperatives.

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**💊 Nafithromycin - India's First Indigenous Antibiotic 💊

🔹 **Why in News: India launched its first indigenously developed antibiotic, Nafithromycin, under the trade name "Miqnaf", aimed at tackling Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR).

🔹 About Nafithromycin:
- Developed with support from Biotechnology Industry Research Assistance Council (BIRAC).
- Designed to treat Community-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia (CABP).
- Targets both typical and atypical pathogens, filling a 30-year gap in antibiotic development in this class.

🔹 Key Features:
- Minimal gastrointestinal side effects and no significant drug interactions.
- 10x efficacy with just 3 doses to combat drug-resistant pneumonia.

🔹 Development Journey:
- Result of 14 years of research with an investment of ₹500 crores.
- Underwent clinical trials across the U.S., Europe, and India.

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Design Law Treaty (DLT)

🔹 Why in News: After nearly two decades of negotiations, WIPO member states adopted the Design Law Treaty (DLT), with India signing the final act.

🔹 About the Treaty:
- Aims to harmonize procedural frameworks for industrial design protection, making registration more efficient and accessible globally.
- Requires 15 contracting parties to enter into force.

🔹 Key Features:
1. 12-Month Grace Period: Allows designers to register designs within 12 months of first disclosure.
2. Relief Measures: Flexibility for applicants to retain rights if deadlines are missed.
3. Simplified Renewal: Eases the process for renewing design registrations.
4. E-filing Systems: Promotes electronic filing and exchange of documents.
5. Technical Assistance: Provides support to developing and least-developed countries for treaty implementation.

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