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Association of #Animal and #Plant #Protein Intake With All-Cause and Cause-Specific #Mortality
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/article-abstract/2748453
Intake of animal protein showed no clear association with total or cause-specific mortality. In contrast, intake of plant protein was associated with lower total mortality, with multivariable-adjusted HRs of 0.89 (95% CI, 0.83-0.95) for quintile 2; 0.88 (95% CI, 0.82-0.95) for quintile 3; 0.84 (95% CI, 0.77-0.92) for quintile 4; and 0.87 (95% CI, 0.78-0.96) for quintile 5, with quintile 1 as the reference category (P = .01 for trend).
In this large prospective study, higher plant protein intake was associated with lower total and CVD-related mortality. Although animal protein intake was not associated with mortality outcomes, replacement of red meat protein or processed meat protein with plant protein was associated with lower total, cancer-related, and CVD-related mortality.
Association of #Animal and #Plant #Protein Intake With All-Cause and Cause-Specific #Mortality
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/article-abstract/2748453
Intake of animal protein showed no clear association with total or cause-specific mortality. In contrast, intake of plant protein was associated with lower total mortality, with multivariable-adjusted HRs of 0.89 (95% CI, 0.83-0.95) for quintile 2; 0.88 (95% CI, 0.82-0.95) for quintile 3; 0.84 (95% CI, 0.77-0.92) for quintile 4; and 0.87 (95% CI, 0.78-0.96) for quintile 5, with quintile 1 as the reference category (P = .01 for trend).
In this large prospective study, higher plant protein intake was associated with lower total and CVD-related mortality. Although animal protein intake was not associated with mortality outcomes, replacement of red meat protein or processed meat protein with plant protein was associated with lower total, cancer-related, and CVD-related mortality.
#Protein Intake Greater than the RDA Differentially Influences Whole-Body Lean #Mass Responses to Purposeful Catabolic and Anabolic Stressors: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Under stressful conditions such as energy restriction (ER) and physical activity, the RDA for protein of 0.8 g · kg−1 · d−1 may no longer be an appropriate recommendation. Under catabolic or anabolic conditions, higher protein intakes are proposed to attenuate the loss or increase the gain of whole-body lean mass, respectively..
..Among all comparisons, protein intakes greater than the RDA benefitted changes in lean mass relative to consuming the RDA [weighted mean difference (95% CI): 0.32 (0.01, 0.64) kg, n = 22 comparisons]. In the subgroup analyses, protein intakes greater than the RDA attenuated lean mass loss after ER [0.36 (0.06, 0.67) kg, n = 14], increased lean mass after resistance training (RT) [0.77 (0.23, 1.31) kg, n = 3], but did not differentially affect changes in lean mass [0.08 (−0.59, 0.75) kg, n = 7] under nonstressed conditions (no ER + no RT). Protein intakes greater than the RDA beneficially influenced changes in lean mass when adults were purposefully stressed by the catabolic stressor of dietary ER with and without the anabolic stressor of RT. The RDA for protein is adequate to support lean mass in adults during nonstressed states..
https://bit.ly/359lobR
Under stressful conditions such as energy restriction (ER) and physical activity, the RDA for protein of 0.8 g · kg−1 · d−1 may no longer be an appropriate recommendation. Under catabolic or anabolic conditions, higher protein intakes are proposed to attenuate the loss or increase the gain of whole-body lean mass, respectively..
..Among all comparisons, protein intakes greater than the RDA benefitted changes in lean mass relative to consuming the RDA [weighted mean difference (95% CI): 0.32 (0.01, 0.64) kg, n = 22 comparisons]. In the subgroup analyses, protein intakes greater than the RDA attenuated lean mass loss after ER [0.36 (0.06, 0.67) kg, n = 14], increased lean mass after resistance training (RT) [0.77 (0.23, 1.31) kg, n = 3], but did not differentially affect changes in lean mass [0.08 (−0.59, 0.75) kg, n = 7] under nonstressed conditions (no ER + no RT). Protein intakes greater than the RDA beneficially influenced changes in lean mass when adults were purposefully stressed by the catabolic stressor of dietary ER with and without the anabolic stressor of RT. The RDA for protein is adequate to support lean mass in adults during nonstressed states..
https://bit.ly/359lobR
OUP Academic
Protein Intake Greater than the RDA Differentially Influences Whole-Body Lean Mass Responses to Purposeful Catabolic and Anabolic…
ABSTRACT. Under stressful conditions such as energy restriction (ER) and physical activity, the RDA for protein of 0.8 g · kg−1 · d−1 may no longer be an appro
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High-#protein diets increase #cardiovascular risk by activating macrophage mTOR to suppress mitophagy
High-protein diets are commonly utilized for weight loss, yet they have been reported to raise cardiovascular risk. The mechanisms underlying this risk are unknown. Here, we show that dietary protein drives atherosclerosis and lesion complexity. Protein ingestion acutely elevates amino acid levels in blood and atherosclerotic plaques, stimulating macrophage mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signalling. This is causal in plaque progression, because the effects of dietary protein are abrogated in macrophage-specific Raptor-null mice.
Mechanistically, we find amino acids exacerbate macrophage apoptosis induced by atherogenic lipids, a process that involves mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1)-dependent inhibition of mitochondrial autophagy (mitophagy), accumulation of dysfunctional mitochondria and mitochondrial apoptosis. Using macrophage-specific mTORC1- and autophagy-deficient mice, we confirm this amino acid–mTORC1–autophagy signalling axis in vivo.
Our data provide insights into the deleterious impact of excessive protein ingestion on macrophages and atherosclerotic progression. Incorporation of these concepts in clinical studies is important to define the vascular effects of protein-based weight loss regimens.
https://go.nature.com/31gUheg
High-#protein diets increase #cardiovascular risk by activating macrophage mTOR to suppress mitophagy
High-protein diets are commonly utilized for weight loss, yet they have been reported to raise cardiovascular risk. The mechanisms underlying this risk are unknown. Here, we show that dietary protein drives atherosclerosis and lesion complexity. Protein ingestion acutely elevates amino acid levels in blood and atherosclerotic plaques, stimulating macrophage mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signalling. This is causal in plaque progression, because the effects of dietary protein are abrogated in macrophage-specific Raptor-null mice.
Mechanistically, we find amino acids exacerbate macrophage apoptosis induced by atherogenic lipids, a process that involves mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1)-dependent inhibition of mitochondrial autophagy (mitophagy), accumulation of dysfunctional mitochondria and mitochondrial apoptosis. Using macrophage-specific mTORC1- and autophagy-deficient mice, we confirm this amino acid–mTORC1–autophagy signalling axis in vivo.
Our data provide insights into the deleterious impact of excessive protein ingestion on macrophages and atherosclerotic progression. Incorporation of these concepts in clinical studies is important to define the vascular effects of protein-based weight loss regimens.
https://go.nature.com/31gUheg
Nature Metabolism
High-protein diets increase cardiovascular risk by activating macrophage mTOR to suppress mitophagy
Zhang et al. show that high-protein diets increase atherosclerosis risk through macrophage mTORC1 activation associated with suppressed clearance of damaged mitochondria and increased apoptosis.
Association of Major Dietary #Protein Sources With All‐Cause and Cause‐Specific #Mortality: Prospective Cohort Study
https://2medical.news/2021/03/01/association-of-major-dietary-protein-sources-with-all%E2%80%90cause-and-cause%E2%80%90specific-mortality-prospective-cohort-study/
Dietary recommendations regarding protein intake have been focused on the amount of protein. However, such recommendations without considering specific protein sources may be simplistic and insufficient. Methods and Results We included 102 521 postmenopausal women enrolled in the Women’s Health Initiative between 1993 and 1998, and followed them through February 2017. During 1 876 205 person‐years of follow‐up, 25 976 deaths occurred. Comparing the highest …
https://2medical.news/2021/03/01/association-of-major-dietary-protein-sources-with-all%E2%80%90cause-and-cause%E2%80%90specific-mortality-prospective-cohort-study/
Dietary recommendations regarding protein intake have been focused on the amount of protein. However, such recommendations without considering specific protein sources may be simplistic and insufficient. Methods and Results We included 102 521 postmenopausal women enrolled in the Women’s Health Initiative between 1993 and 1998, and followed them through February 2017. During 1 876 205 person‐years of follow‐up, 25 976 deaths occurred. Comparing the highest …
Distribution of dietary #protein intake in daily meals influences skeletal #muscle hypertrophy via the muscle clock
https://2medical.news/2021/07/29/distribution-of-dietary-protein-intake-in-daily-meals-influences-skeletal-muscle-hypertrophy-via-the-muscle-clock/
https://2medical.news/2021/07/29/distribution-of-dietary-protein-intake-in-daily-meals-influences-skeletal-muscle-hypertrophy-via-the-muscle-clock/
2Medical.News
Distribution of dietary #protein intake in daily meals influences skeletal #muscle hypertrophy via the muscle clock
Distribution of dietary protein across meals influences muscle hypertrophy•BCAAs are involved in hypertrophic effects of protein feeding distribution•Hypertrophic effects of protein feeding distrib…
Spatial organization of #protein aggregates on red #blood cells as physical biomarkers of #Alzheimer’s disease pathology
https://2medical.news/2021/09/28/spatial-organization-of-protein-aggregates-on-red-blood-cells-as-physical-biomarkers-of-alzheimers-disease-pathology/
https://2medical.news/2021/09/28/spatial-organization-of-protein-aggregates-on-red-blood-cells-as-physical-biomarkers-of-alzheimers-disease-pathology/
2Medical.News
Spatial organization of #protein aggregates on red #blood cells as physical biomarkers of #Alzheimer’s disease pathology
Quantifying physical differences of protein aggregates implicated in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), in blood, could provide crucial information on disease stages. Here, red blood cells (RBCs) from 50 pa…