🔆 "Bharatiya Antriksh Station"
✅India will have its own Space Station by 2035, which will be known as "Bharatiya Antriksh Station"
✅ISRO and Department of Biotechnology Sign Landmark MoU, Ushering in New Era of Space and Biotech Innovation
✅A space station (or orbital station) is a spacecraft which remains in orbit and hosts humans for extended periods of time. It therefore is an artificial satellite featuring habitation facilities.
✅The first space station was Salyut 1 (1971), hosting the first crew, of the ill-fated Soyuz 11. Consecutively space stations have been operated since Skylab (1973) and occupied since 1987 with the Salyut successor Mir. Uninterrupted occupation has been sustained since the operational transition from the Mir to the International Space Station (ISS), with its first occupation in 2000.
✅Currently there are two fully operational space stations – the ISS and China's Tiangong Space Station (TSS), which have been occupied since October 2000 with Expedition 1 and since June 2022 with Shenzhou 14.
#gs3
#prelims
#science_technology
✅India will have its own Space Station by 2035, which will be known as "Bharatiya Antriksh Station"
✅ISRO and Department of Biotechnology Sign Landmark MoU, Ushering in New Era of Space and Biotech Innovation
✅A space station (or orbital station) is a spacecraft which remains in orbit and hosts humans for extended periods of time. It therefore is an artificial satellite featuring habitation facilities.
✅The first space station was Salyut 1 (1971), hosting the first crew, of the ill-fated Soyuz 11. Consecutively space stations have been operated since Skylab (1973) and occupied since 1987 with the Salyut successor Mir. Uninterrupted occupation has been sustained since the operational transition from the Mir to the International Space Station (ISS), with its first occupation in 2000.
✅Currently there are two fully operational space stations – the ISS and China's Tiangong Space Station (TSS), which have been occupied since October 2000 with Expedition 1 and since June 2022 with Shenzhou 14.
#gs3
#prelims
#science_technology
🔘NEW SPECIES OF GECKO
In News
Scientists have discovered a new species of ground-dwelling gecko.
About
◾️The Chengodumala or Coastal Kerala Geckoella is a small, nocturnal species found among leaf litter and rocks in forests, orchards and other areas with canopy cover in north Kerala.
◾️The gecko is known from scattered localities a maximum of 120 km apart in Kozhikode, Malappuram, Palakkad, and Thrissur districts
In News
Scientists have discovered a new species of ground-dwelling gecko.
About
◾️The Chengodumala or Coastal Kerala Geckoella is a small, nocturnal species found among leaf litter and rocks in forests, orchards and other areas with canopy cover in north Kerala.
◾️The gecko is known from scattered localities a maximum of 120 km apart in Kozhikode, Malappuram, Palakkad, and Thrissur districts
#Places_in_news
FORDOW FUEL ENRICHMENT PLANT (FFEP)
According to satellite images, Iran has begun construction on a site at its underground nuclear facility at Fordow amid tensions with the U.S. over its atomic programme.
Fordow Fuel Enrichment Plant (FFEP) is an Iranian underground uranium enrichment facility located 20 miles northeast of the Iranian city of Qom, near Fordow village.
It is the second Iranian uranium enrichment facility, the other one being that of Natanz.
Iran has not publicly acknowledged any new construction at Fordow, whose discovery by the West in 2009 came in an earlier round of brinkmanship before world powers struck the 2015 nuclear deal with Tehran.
While the purpose of the building remains unclear, any work at Fordow will likely trigger new concern in the waning days of the Trump administration before the inauguration of U.S. President-elect Joe Biden.
FORDOW FUEL ENRICHMENT PLANT (FFEP)
According to satellite images, Iran has begun construction on a site at its underground nuclear facility at Fordow amid tensions with the U.S. over its atomic programme.
Fordow Fuel Enrichment Plant (FFEP) is an Iranian underground uranium enrichment facility located 20 miles northeast of the Iranian city of Qom, near Fordow village.
It is the second Iranian uranium enrichment facility, the other one being that of Natanz.
Iran has not publicly acknowledged any new construction at Fordow, whose discovery by the West in 2009 came in an earlier round of brinkmanship before world powers struck the 2015 nuclear deal with Tehran.
While the purpose of the building remains unclear, any work at Fordow will likely trigger new concern in the waning days of the Trump administration before the inauguration of U.S. President-elect Joe Biden.
■ UNIVERSAL ADULT FRANCHISE
#Salientfeaturesofconstitution
◇ The Indian Constitution adopts universal adult franchise as a basis of elections to the Lok Sabha and the state legislative assemblies.
◇ Every citizen who is not less than 18 years of age has a right to vote without any discrimination of caste, race, religion, sex, literacy, wealth and so on.
◇ The voting age was reduced to 18 years from 21 years in 1989 by the 61st Constitutional Amendment Act of 1988.
#Salientfeaturesofconstitution
◇ The Indian Constitution adopts universal adult franchise as a basis of elections to the Lok Sabha and the state legislative assemblies.
◇ Every citizen who is not less than 18 years of age has a right to vote without any discrimination of caste, race, religion, sex, literacy, wealth and so on.
◇ The voting age was reduced to 18 years from 21 years in 1989 by the 61st Constitutional Amendment Act of 1988.
During the recent BRICS summit in Kazan, the Prime Minister of India presented a Sohrai painting to the President of Russia.
What is Sohrai painting?
Major Points about Sohrai Painting:
1. Definition:
- Indigenous mural art form, traditionally created by tribal women.
3. Historical Roots:
- Dates back to the Meso-chalcolithic period (9000-5000 BC).
- Isko rock shelter in Barkagaon, Hazaribagh, has rock paintings resembling traditional Sohrai art.
4. Themes:
- Based on natural elements such as forests, rivers, and animals.
5. Materials:
- Made using natural substances like charcoal, clay, and soil.
6. Origin and Evolution:
- Originated as cave paintings and evolved into wall murals.
7. Geographical Spread:
- Practiced in Jharkhand, Bihar, Odisha, and West Bengal.
- Hazaribagh region in Jharkhand has received the GI tag for this art form.
8. Tribal Communities:
- Created by Kurmi, Santal, Munda, Oraon, Agaria, and Ghatwal tribes.
What is Sohrai painting?
Major Points about Sohrai Painting:
1. Definition:
- Indigenous mural art form, traditionally created by tribal women.
3. Historical Roots:
- Dates back to the Meso-chalcolithic period (9000-5000 BC).
- Isko rock shelter in Barkagaon, Hazaribagh, has rock paintings resembling traditional Sohrai art.
4. Themes:
- Based on natural elements such as forests, rivers, and animals.
5. Materials:
- Made using natural substances like charcoal, clay, and soil.
6. Origin and Evolution:
- Originated as cave paintings and evolved into wall murals.
7. Geographical Spread:
- Practiced in Jharkhand, Bihar, Odisha, and West Bengal.
- Hazaribagh region in Jharkhand has received the GI tag for this art form.
8. Tribal Communities:
- Created by Kurmi, Santal, Munda, Oraon, Agaria, and Ghatwal tribes.
🔆95% of Land Records in Rural India Digitized
✅The Digital India Land Records Modernization Programme (DILRMP), previously known as the National Land Record Modernization Programme, was restructured as a Central Sector Scheme in April 2016, with full funding from the central government
✅Significant progress has been made under DILRMP. Around 95% of land records have been computerized, covering over 6.26 lakh villages
✅ Digitization of cadastral maps has reached 68.02% at national level. Additionally, 87% of Sub-Registrar Offices (SROs) have been integrated with land records
Key Initiatives under DILRMP:
✅Unique Land Parcel Identification Number (ULPIN)
✅National Generic Document Registration System (NGDRS)
✅ e-Court Integration
✅ Transliteration of Land Records
✅ Bhoomi Samman
✅The Digital India Land Records Modernization Programme (DILRMP), previously known as the National Land Record Modernization Programme, was restructured as a Central Sector Scheme in April 2016, with full funding from the central government
✅Significant progress has been made under DILRMP. Around 95% of land records have been computerized, covering over 6.26 lakh villages
✅ Digitization of cadastral maps has reached 68.02% at national level. Additionally, 87% of Sub-Registrar Offices (SROs) have been integrated with land records
Key Initiatives under DILRMP:
✅Unique Land Parcel Identification Number (ULPIN)
✅National Generic Document Registration System (NGDRS)
✅ e-Court Integration
✅ Transliteration of Land Records
✅ Bhoomi Samman
🌟 Happy Diwali from Game of Toppers! 🌟
As we light up our homes and hearts this Diwali, we’re filled with gratitude for your trust, energy, and commitment to growth and transformation. May the festival bring you joy, prosperity, and new beginnings filled with promise.
Together, let’s keep lighting the path to brighter futures and inspiring success!
Warmest wishes for a safe and radiant Diwali !! 🪔🪔
Regards
Team GOT 💫⭐️
As we light up our homes and hearts this Diwali, we’re filled with gratitude for your trust, energy, and commitment to growth and transformation. May the festival bring you joy, prosperity, and new beginnings filled with promise.
Together, let’s keep lighting the path to brighter futures and inspiring success!
Warmest wishes for a safe and radiant Diwali !! 🪔🪔
Regards
Team GOT 💫⭐️
- The Svalbard Global Seed Vault in Norway, near the Arctic Circle, protects global crop diversity against climate change and conflicts.
- Maintained at -18°C within permafrost, it stores 1 million seeds from 60,000 crop varieties in secure, waterproof packaging.
- Opened in 2008 by the Norwegian government, the vault is built 75 meters deep into sandstone, with a 130-meter entrance tunnel, ensuring long-term preservation and security for vital seeds worldwide.
Use - mention in gene pool answer.
- Maintained at -18°C within permafrost, it stores 1 million seeds from 60,000 crop varieties in secure, waterproof packaging.
- Opened in 2008 by the Norwegian government, the vault is built 75 meters deep into sandstone, with a 130-meter entrance tunnel, ensuring long-term preservation and security for vital seeds worldwide.
Use - mention in gene pool answer.
#Places_in_News
▪️GAIL completes Kochi-Mangaluru Pipeline
Facts:
444-km pipeline Launch: 2009
Project cost: 5,750 cr. Formal commissioning later
Main junction:
Koottanad Line bifurcates at
Koottanad to Mangaluru, Bengaluru
Gas demand expected: 80-90 million cubic metres per annum
Tax gain: 1,000 cr. 8 districts to benefit
▪️GAIL completes Kochi-Mangaluru Pipeline
Facts:
444-km pipeline Launch: 2009
Project cost: 5,750 cr. Formal commissioning later
Main junction:
Koottanad Line bifurcates at
Koottanad to Mangaluru, Bengaluru
Gas demand expected: 80-90 million cubic metres per annum
Tax gain: 1,000 cr. 8 districts to benefit
■ CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETIES
#Salientfeaturesofconstitution
◇ The 97th Constitutional Amendment Act of 2011 gave a constitutional status and protection to co-operative societies. In this context, it made the following three changes in the Constitution:
◇ It made the right to form co-operative societies a fundamental right (Article 19).
◇ It included a new Directive Principle of State Policy on promotion of co-operative societies (Article 43-B).
◇ It added a new Part IX-B in the Constitution which is entitled as “The Co-operative Societies” (Articles 243-ZH to 243-ZT).
#Salientfeaturesofconstitution
◇ The 97th Constitutional Amendment Act of 2011 gave a constitutional status and protection to co-operative societies. In this context, it made the following three changes in the Constitution:
◇ It made the right to form co-operative societies a fundamental right (Article 19).
◇ It included a new Directive Principle of State Policy on promotion of co-operative societies (Article 43-B).
◇ It added a new Part IX-B in the Constitution which is entitled as “The Co-operative Societies” (Articles 243-ZH to 243-ZT).