🔆 Thirty-Eighth Constitutional Amendment Act, 1975

📍 Key Changes:
✅ Article 352: Modified to allow the President to declare different proclamations of national emergency on different grounds (e.g., war, external aggression, or armed rebellion) simultaneously.
✅ Article 356: Altered provisions related to President’s Rule in states.
✅ Article 360: Adjusted provisions regarding the declaration of a financial emergency.
✅ Article 123: Made the promulgation of ordinances by the President non-justiciable in courts.
✅ Article 213: Extended the same non-justiciable protection to ordinances promulgated by governors and administrators of union territories.

📍 Significance:
✅ Made the declaration of emergency by the President non-justiciable, ensuring the executive’s decisions during emergencies could not be challenged in courts.
✅ Strengthened the executive’s authority in managing emergencies and promulgating ordinances, reducing judicial scrutiny.

The Thirty-Eighth Constitutional Amendment Act, 1975, significantly expanded the powers of the executive, especially during emergencies, reducing judicial intervention in key proclamations and decisions.

#polity #prelims

Difference between ICC and ICJ

India will roll out the new Labour Codes in phases starting from 2025.

Consolidation of Laws: 29 existing labour laws will be merged into four codes.

Enterprise Compliance:

- Large Enterprises (500+ employees): Immediate compliance required.

- Medium Enterprises (100-500 employees): Transition period before compliance.

Small Enterprises (under 100 employees): Up to two years for compliance.

Centre working with states for final approval and smooth rollout!

Intangible cultural heritage

Map location Sntotoni island 🏝️

Hint : BANG BANG Meherbaan song shot here

🔆 World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH)

📍 Context:
✅ WOAH has released its Annual Report on Antimicrobial Agents for Animal Use.

📍 About WOAH:
✅ Purpose: Promotes global animal health, welfare, and transparency regarding animal diseases.
✅ Genesis: Founded in 1924 as Office International des Epizooties, renamed WOAH in 2003.
✅ Members: 183 countries, including India since 1924.
✅ Headquarters: Paris, France.

📍 Key Focus Areas:
✅ Identified 117 illnesses, including 50+ wildlife diseases impacting livestock, public health, and wildlife.
✅ Zoonoses: Diseases that can be transmitted from animals to humans.
✅ Recognized by WTO as the authority on international animal health standards and zoonoses.


#science_and_technology

Dear Students,
Sixth Economics Rapid revision class will be conducted today at 8:30 PM.
Subject:- Economy
Sub topic:-  Industry and Infrastructure

Zoom Link for the class will be shared in the group.
https://t.me/+5SmN4Vv1mcFkNTRl

Given this backdrop, there’s likely to be a question on Nataraja (Kuththan, Sabesan, Ambalavanan)

Possibilities
- Significance of tandava
- Bharatanatyam
- Chidambaram (place that means sky of consciousness)
- Tirumurai, Tevaram and Tiruvasagam
- Shaivism
- Which leg is lifted up
- Appar, Sundarar, Sambandar and Manickavasagar

Note - Chidambaram Nataraja Temple is dedicated to both Shiva and Vishnu. Thillai is a tree variety.

Good Morning🌞🌞

🔳 Critics Choice 2025 Awards: 'Anora' won the Best Film Award; 'Emilia Perez', 'Wicked' and 'The Substance' won 3 awards each

📌 2025 Critics' Choice Awards:
📌 Best Film: Anora

🔹 Best Actor: Adrien Brody (The Brutalist)
🔹Best Actress: Demi Moore (The Substance)
🔹 Best Supporting Actor: Kieran Culkin (A Real Pain)

◼️ Best Supporting Actress: Zoe Saldana (Emilia Perez) TV Awards:

🔹 Shogun took the top spot with 4 awards, including Best Drama Series.
🔹Hacks won 3 awards including Best Comedy Series.
🔹 Baby Reindeer won the award for best limited series.

#UPSC #PSC #currentaffairs #prelims #awards

Buddhist councils

 Bhil Tribe:

✅Bhils are considered as one of the oldest tribes in India.
✅They are the most widely distributed tribal groups in India.
✅The name 'Bhil' is derived from the word villu or billu, which according to the Dravidian language is known as Bow.
✅They could be identified as one of the Dravidian racial tribes of Western India and belong to the Australoid group of tribes.
Distribution:
✅They are mainly divided into two main groups: the Central and Eastern or Rajput Bhils.
✅The Central Bhils are found in the mountain regions in Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Gujarat and Rajasthan.
✅Bhils are also found in the north eastern parts of Tripura.
✅Occupation: Nearly all of the Bhil engage in agriculture, some using the slash-and-burn (jhum) method but most employing the ploughs.
✅Language: They speak Bhili, which is an Indo Aryan language.


#geography

Dear Students,
Sixth Economics Rapid revision class will be conducted today at 8:30 PM.
Subject:- Economy
Sub topic:-  Industry and Infrastructure

Zoom Link for the class will be shared in the group.
https://t.me/+5SmN4Vv1mcFkNTRl

Dear Students,
Eighth Economics Rapid revision class will be conducted today at 8 PM.
Subject:- Economy
Sub topic:-  Economic Reforms

Zoom Link for the class will be shared in the group.
https://t.me/+5SmN4Vv1mcFkNTRl