👉🔺 Ground Orchid
- Scientific Name: Eulophia obtusa
- It has been rediscovered in Dudhwa Tiger Reserve, Uttar Pradesh after 118 years.
- The species is originally from Uttarakhand.
- It has white flowers and bright pink hues.
- Protection Status: Listed as “critically endangered” in the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of endangered species.
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ROUND 2 ENROL - https://rzp.io/l/z7oY2je
- Scientific Name: Eulophia obtusa
- It has been rediscovered in Dudhwa Tiger Reserve, Uttar Pradesh after 118 years.
- The species is originally from Uttarakhand.
- It has white flowers and bright pink hues.
- Protection Status: Listed as “critically endangered” in the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of endangered species.
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ROUND 2 ENROL - https://rzp.io/l/z7oY2je
👉🔺 Rabari
- They migrated from Rajasthan via Kutch and now most of them live in the Okhamandal region of Jamnagar district.
- They speak ‘Bhopa’ which is a mixture of Gujarati, Kachchi, Marwari words and Pharasi (Persian) and use Gujarati script.
- Women stand in almost equal status to that of men.
- The main economic activity is sheep breeding and selling of milk. Only a few of them own cultivable agricultural land.
- They profess Hinduism and are followers of Shiva and Shakti.
- Their folk songs are called ‘Siya’.
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ROUND 2 ENROL - https://rzp.io/l/z7oY2je
- They migrated from Rajasthan via Kutch and now most of them live in the Okhamandal region of Jamnagar district.
- They speak ‘Bhopa’ which is a mixture of Gujarati, Kachchi, Marwari words and Pharasi (Persian) and use Gujarati script.
- Women stand in almost equal status to that of men.
- The main economic activity is sheep breeding and selling of milk. Only a few of them own cultivable agricultural land.
- They profess Hinduism and are followers of Shiva and Shakti.
- Their folk songs are called ‘Siya’.
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ROUND 2 ENROL - https://rzp.io/l/z7oY2je
👉🔺 RBI publishes figures for four alternative measures of money supply, viz. M1, M2, M3 and M4.
- M1 = CU + DD
- M2 = M1 + Savings deposits with Post Office savings banks
- M3 = M1 + Net time deposits of commercial banks
- M4 = M3 + Total deposits with Post Office savings organisations (excluding National Savings Certificates)
- CU is currency (notes plus coins) held by the public and DD is net demand deposits held by commercial banks.
- M1 and M2 are known as narrow money. M3 and M4 are known as broad money.
- These gradations are in decreasing order of liquidity.
- M1 is most liquid and easiest for transactions whereas M4 is least liquid of all.
- M3 is the most commonly used measure of money supply. It is also known as aggregate monetary resources.
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ROUND 2 ENROL - https://rzp.io/l/z7oY2je
- M1 = CU + DD
- M2 = M1 + Savings deposits with Post Office savings banks
- M3 = M1 + Net time deposits of commercial banks
- M4 = M3 + Total deposits with Post Office savings organisations (excluding National Savings Certificates)
- CU is currency (notes plus coins) held by the public and DD is net demand deposits held by commercial banks.
- M1 and M2 are known as narrow money. M3 and M4 are known as broad money.
- These gradations are in decreasing order of liquidity.
- M1 is most liquid and easiest for transactions whereas M4 is least liquid of all.
- M3 is the most commonly used measure of money supply. It is also known as aggregate monetary resources.
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ROUND 2 ENROL - https://rzp.io/l/z7oY2je
👉🔺 Initiatives for Disabled in India
- Rights of Person with Disabilities Act, 2016.
- Under this, persons with disabilities are provided reservation of seats in government higher educational institutions (not less than 5%) and government jobs (not less than 4%).
- Accessible India Campaign.
- DeenDayal Disabled Rehabilitation Scheme.
- Assistance to Disabled Persons for Purchase/fitting of Aids and Appliances (ADIP).
- National Fellowship for Students with Disabilities (RGMF).
- Schemes of the National Trust for the Welfare of Persons with Autism, Cerebral Palsy, Mental Retardation and Multiple Disabilities.
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ROUND 2 ENROL - https://rzp.io/l/z7oY2je
- Rights of Person with Disabilities Act, 2016.
- Under this, persons with disabilities are provided reservation of seats in government higher educational institutions (not less than 5%) and government jobs (not less than 4%).
- Accessible India Campaign.
- DeenDayal Disabled Rehabilitation Scheme.
- Assistance to Disabled Persons for Purchase/fitting of Aids and Appliances (ADIP).
- National Fellowship for Students with Disabilities (RGMF).
- Schemes of the National Trust for the Welfare of Persons with Autism, Cerebral Palsy, Mental Retardation and Multiple Disabilities.
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ROUND 2 ENROL - https://rzp.io/l/z7oY2je
👉🔺 Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT)
- CBDT have been created under the Central Boards of Revenue Act, 1963. As a part of the Department of Revenue under the Ministry of Finance.
- It provides inputs for policy and planning of direct taxes in India and is also responsible for the administration of direct tax laws through the Income Tax Department.
- Direct Taxes include income tax, corporation tax etc.
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ROUND 2 ENROL - https://rzp.io/l/z7oY2je
- CBDT have been created under the Central Boards of Revenue Act, 1963. As a part of the Department of Revenue under the Ministry of Finance.
- It provides inputs for policy and planning of direct taxes in India and is also responsible for the administration of direct tax laws through the Income Tax Department.
- Direct Taxes include income tax, corporation tax etc.
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ROUND 2 ENROL - https://rzp.io/l/z7oY2je
👉🔺 Rice
- It is a kharif crop which requires high temperature, (above 25°C) and high humidity with annual rainfall above 100 cm.
- About one-fourth of the total cropped area in India is under rice cultivation.
- Leading Producer States: West Bengal, Uttar Pradesh, and Punjab.
- High Yielding States: Punjab, Tamil Nadu, Haryana, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, West Bengal and Kerala.
- In West Bengal, farmers grow three crops of rice called ‘aus’, ‘aman’ and ‘boro’.
- India contributes 21.6% of rice production in the world and ranks second after China.
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ROUND 2 ENROL - https://rzp.io/l/z7oY2je
- It is a kharif crop which requires high temperature, (above 25°C) and high humidity with annual rainfall above 100 cm.
- About one-fourth of the total cropped area in India is under rice cultivation.
- Leading Producer States: West Bengal, Uttar Pradesh, and Punjab.
- High Yielding States: Punjab, Tamil Nadu, Haryana, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, West Bengal and Kerala.
- In West Bengal, farmers grow three crops of rice called ‘aus’, ‘aman’ and ‘boro’.
- India contributes 21.6% of rice production in the world and ranks second after China.
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ROUND 2 ENROL - https://rzp.io/l/z7oY2je
👉🔺 South Asia Group for Energy (SAGE)
- US Agency for International Development (USAID) and India’s ministry of new and renewable energy (MNRE) have announced the launch of a new partnership - SAGE
- Under the partnership, USAID will provide advanced technical knowledge on clean energy development from America’s national laboratories to India’s technical institutions.
- It will act as a powerhouse of science, engineering and technology for India and the entire South Asia region.
- It will contribute towards achieving the goals of the US government’s Asia Enhancing Growth and Development through Energy (Asia EDGE) initiative,
EDGE is a primary pillar of the US administration’s Indo-Pacific vision in South Asia, and the US-India Strategic Energy Partnership.
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ROUND 2 ENROL - https://rzp.io/l/z7oY2je
- US Agency for International Development (USAID) and India’s ministry of new and renewable energy (MNRE) have announced the launch of a new partnership - SAGE
- Under the partnership, USAID will provide advanced technical knowledge on clean energy development from America’s national laboratories to India’s technical institutions.
- It will act as a powerhouse of science, engineering and technology for India and the entire South Asia region.
- It will contribute towards achieving the goals of the US government’s Asia Enhancing Growth and Development through Energy (Asia EDGE) initiative,
EDGE is a primary pillar of the US administration’s Indo-Pacific vision in South Asia, and the US-India Strategic Energy Partnership.
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ROUND 2 ENROL - https://rzp.io/l/z7oY2je
👉🔺 United Nations Global Commission on Adaptation (GCA)
- The Global Commission on Adaptation was launched in Hague in 2018 by then UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon.
- Its mandate is to encourage the development of measures to manage the effects of climate change through technology, planning and investment.
- It was launched with the support of 17 convening countries including China, Canada and the UK and low-lying countries vulnerable to climate change including Bangladesh and the Marshall Islands.
- The Netherlands initiated the Global Commission on Adaptation to share its knowledge on how it has managed to adopt innovative water management solutions as sea levels rise.
- UNGCA Publishes Global Call for Leadership on Climate Resilience.
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ROUND 2 ENROL - https://rzp.io/l/z7oY2je
- The Global Commission on Adaptation was launched in Hague in 2018 by then UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon.
- Its mandate is to encourage the development of measures to manage the effects of climate change through technology, planning and investment.
- It was launched with the support of 17 convening countries including China, Canada and the UK and low-lying countries vulnerable to climate change including Bangladesh and the Marshall Islands.
- The Netherlands initiated the Global Commission on Adaptation to share its knowledge on how it has managed to adopt innovative water management solutions as sea levels rise.
- UNGCA Publishes Global Call for Leadership on Climate Resilience.
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ROUND 2 ENROL - https://rzp.io/l/z7oY2je
👉🔺 ActNow campaign
- ActNow is the United Nations global call to individual action on climate change.
- The campaign is a critical part of the UN’s coordinated effort to raise awareness, ambition, and action for climate change and accelerate implementation of the Paris Agreement.
- It is primarily an online and social media campaign that seeks to educate and encourage individual actions, mainly by adjusting consumption patterns.
- ActNow harnesses advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI) to spur behaviour change.
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ROUND 2 ENROL - https://rzp.io/l/z7oY2je
- ActNow is the United Nations global call to individual action on climate change.
- The campaign is a critical part of the UN’s coordinated effort to raise awareness, ambition, and action for climate change and accelerate implementation of the Paris Agreement.
- It is primarily an online and social media campaign that seeks to educate and encourage individual actions, mainly by adjusting consumption patterns.
- ActNow harnesses advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI) to spur behaviour change.
#ticket2mains
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ROUND 2 ENROL - https://rzp.io/l/z7oY2je
👉🔺 Virtual Healthcare and Hygiene EXPO 2020
- Union Ministry for Chemicals and Fertilizers inaugurated one of India's largest and first Virtual Healthcare and Hygiene EXPO 2020.
- It is organized by FICCI.
- It aims to give a boost to health and hygiene endeavors.
- Due to COVID-19 in India an ecosystem is being built for a self-reliant India, which will help in ramping up domestic production in Pharmaceutical, Health and Hygiene Sector.
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ROUND 2 ENROL - https://rzp.io/l/z7oY2je
- Union Ministry for Chemicals and Fertilizers inaugurated one of India's largest and first Virtual Healthcare and Hygiene EXPO 2020.
- It is organized by FICCI.
- It aims to give a boost to health and hygiene endeavors.
- Due to COVID-19 in India an ecosystem is being built for a self-reliant India, which will help in ramping up domestic production in Pharmaceutical, Health and Hygiene Sector.
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ROUND 2 ENROL - https://rzp.io/l/z7oY2je
👉🔺 SATAT Scheme
- Sustainable Alternative towards Affordable Transportation (SATAT) scheme on Compressed Bio Gas was launched in 2018.
- Oil Marketing Companies have offered long term pricing on CBG to make projects bankable and have agreed to execute long term agreements on CBG.
- Under SATAT scheme, IOT Biogas Limited (Namakkal, Tamil Nadu) decided to divert part/full biogas production to Compressed Biogas (CBG) generation.
- The Compressed Biogas procured from IOT Biogas plant shall be sold through Retail Outlets (ROs) and Institutional Business (IB).
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ROUND 2 ENROL - https://rzp.io/l/z7oY2je
- Sustainable Alternative towards Affordable Transportation (SATAT) scheme on Compressed Bio Gas was launched in 2018.
- Oil Marketing Companies have offered long term pricing on CBG to make projects bankable and have agreed to execute long term agreements on CBG.
- Under SATAT scheme, IOT Biogas Limited (Namakkal, Tamil Nadu) decided to divert part/full biogas production to Compressed Biogas (CBG) generation.
- The Compressed Biogas procured from IOT Biogas plant shall be sold through Retail Outlets (ROs) and Institutional Business (IB).
#ticket2mains
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ROUND 2 ENROL - https://rzp.io/l/z7oY2je
👉🔺 EAG Meeting
- Eurasian Group on Combating Money Laundering and Financing of Terrorism (EAG) is a regional body comprising nine countries.
- Members - India, Russia, China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Belarus.
- It is an associate member of the FATF.
- FATF is an inter-governmental body to promote effective measures combating money laundering, terrorist financing and other related threats to the integrity of the international financial system.
- A country is put on the grey list when it fails to curb terrorism financing and money laundering.
- Grey list countries - Pakistan, Myanmar, Cambodia, Syria, Mongolia and Yemen in Asia along with few other countries.
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ROUND 2 ENROL - https://rzp.io/l/z7oY2je
- Eurasian Group on Combating Money Laundering and Financing of Terrorism (EAG) is a regional body comprising nine countries.
- Members - India, Russia, China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Belarus.
- It is an associate member of the FATF.
- FATF is an inter-governmental body to promote effective measures combating money laundering, terrorist financing and other related threats to the integrity of the international financial system.
- A country is put on the grey list when it fails to curb terrorism financing and money laundering.
- Grey list countries - Pakistan, Myanmar, Cambodia, Syria, Mongolia and Yemen in Asia along with few other countries.
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ROUND 2 ENROL - https://rzp.io/l/z7oY2je
👉🔺 Quadrilateral Security Dialogue
- The Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (QSD, also known as the Quad) is an informal strategic forum between the USA, Japan, India and Australia.
- It is maintained by semi-regular summits, information exchanges and military drills between member countries.
- The dialogue was paralleled by joint military exercises of an unprecedented scale, titled Exercise Malabar.
- The diplomatic and military arrangement was widely viewed as a response to increased Chinese economic and military power.
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ROUND 2 ENROL - https://rzp.io/l/z7oY2je
- The Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (QSD, also known as the Quad) is an informal strategic forum between the USA, Japan, India and Australia.
- It is maintained by semi-regular summits, information exchanges and military drills between member countries.
- The dialogue was paralleled by joint military exercises of an unprecedented scale, titled Exercise Malabar.
- The diplomatic and military arrangement was widely viewed as a response to increased Chinese economic and military power.
#ticket2mains
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ROUND 2 ENROL - https://rzp.io/l/z7oY2je
👉🔺 Astra Missiles
- Astra missiles are Beyond Visual Range (BVR) air-to-air missile.
- It is designed to be mounted on a fighter aircraft and is also designed to engage and destroy highly manoeuvring supersonic aircraft.
- It has a range of over 70 km and all-weather day and night capability.
- The missile has been indigenously developed by DRDO, along with almost 50 other public and private organizations.
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ROUND 2 ENROL - https://rzp.io/l/z7oY2je
- Astra missiles are Beyond Visual Range (BVR) air-to-air missile.
- It is designed to be mounted on a fighter aircraft and is also designed to engage and destroy highly manoeuvring supersonic aircraft.
- It has a range of over 70 km and all-weather day and night capability.
- The missile has been indigenously developed by DRDO, along with almost 50 other public and private organizations.
#ticket2mains
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ROUND 2 ENROL - https://rzp.io/l/z7oY2je
👉🔺 Current Account
- The current account measures the flow of goods, services, and investments into and out of the country.
- It represents a country’s foreign transactions and, like the capital account, is a component of a country’s Balance of Payments (BOP).
- A nation’s current account maintains a record of the country’s transactions with other nations that includes net income, including interest and dividends, and transfers, like foreign aid.
- It comprises of following components -
1) Visible trade - Export and import of goods
2) Invisible trade - Export and import of services
3) Unilateral transfers
4) Investment - Income from factors such as land or foreign shares
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ROUND 2 ENROL - https://rzp.io/l/z7oY2je
- The current account measures the flow of goods, services, and investments into and out of the country.
- It represents a country’s foreign transactions and, like the capital account, is a component of a country’s Balance of Payments (BOP).
- A nation’s current account maintains a record of the country’s transactions with other nations that includes net income, including interest and dividends, and transfers, like foreign aid.
- It comprises of following components -
1) Visible trade - Export and import of goods
2) Invisible trade - Export and import of services
3) Unilateral transfers
4) Investment - Income from factors such as land or foreign shares
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ROUND 2 ENROL - https://rzp.io/l/z7oY2je
👉🔺 General Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans (GEBCO)
- GEBCO is the only intergovernmental organisation with a mandate to map the entire ocean floor.
- Its origins is traced back to the GEBCO chart series initiated in 1903 by Prince Albert I of Monaco.
- It launched Seabed 2030 project in 2017, it coordinates and oversees the sourcing and compilation of bathymetric data from different parts of the world’s ocean through its five centres into the freely-available GEBCO Grid.
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ROUND 2 ENROL - https://rzp.io/l/z7oY2je
- GEBCO is the only intergovernmental organisation with a mandate to map the entire ocean floor.
- Its origins is traced back to the GEBCO chart series initiated in 1903 by Prince Albert I of Monaco.
- It launched Seabed 2030 project in 2017, it coordinates and oversees the sourcing and compilation of bathymetric data from different parts of the world’s ocean through its five centres into the freely-available GEBCO Grid.
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ROUND 2 ENROL - https://rzp.io/l/z7oY2je
👉🔺 Postal Ballots System
- Ballot papers are distributed electronically to electors and are returned to the election officers via post.
- Currently, only the following voters are allowed to cast their votes through postal ballot:
1) Service voters (armed forces, the armed police force of a state and government servants posted abroad),
2) Voters on election duty,
3) Voters above 80 years of age or Persons with Disabilities (PwD),
4) Voters under preventive detention.
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- Ballot papers are distributed electronically to electors and are returned to the election officers via post.
- Currently, only the following voters are allowed to cast their votes through postal ballot:
1) Service voters (armed forces, the armed police force of a state and government servants posted abroad),
2) Voters on election duty,
3) Voters above 80 years of age or Persons with Disabilities (PwD),
4) Voters under preventive detention.
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ROUND 2 ENROL - https://rzp.io/l/z7oY2je
👉🔺 Maareech
- Maareech is an Advanced Torpedo Defence System (ATDS) that is capable of being fired from all frontline ships.
- It has been designed and developed indigenously by DRDO.
- It is capable of detecting, locating and neutralizing incoming torpedoes.
- Torpedoes are self-propelled weapons with a warhead and can be used under or on the water surface.
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ROUND 2 ENROL - https://rzp.io/l/z7oY2je
- Maareech is an Advanced Torpedo Defence System (ATDS) that is capable of being fired from all frontline ships.
- It has been designed and developed indigenously by DRDO.
- It is capable of detecting, locating and neutralizing incoming torpedoes.
- Torpedoes are self-propelled weapons with a warhead and can be used under or on the water surface.
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ROUND 2 ENROL - https://rzp.io/l/z7oY2je
👉🔺 TRAI
- It is a statutory body set up under section 3 of the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India Act,
1997.
- It is the regulator of the telecommunications sector in India.
- The TRAI Act was amended by an ordinance, effective from 24 January 2000, establishing a
Telecom Disputes Settlement and Appellate Tribunal (TDSAT) to take over the adjudicatory
and disputes functions from TRAI.
Important functions:
- TRAI regularly issues orders and directions on various subjects such as tariffs, interconnections, quality of service, Direct To Home (DTH) services and mobile number portability.
Composition:
1. It consists of a Chairperson and not more than two full-time members and not more than two part-time members.
2. They are appointed by the Central Government and the duration for which they can hold
their office is three years or until they attain the age of 65 years, whichever is earlier.
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ROUND 2 ENROL - https://rzp.io/l/z7oY2je
- It is a statutory body set up under section 3 of the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India Act,
1997.
- It is the regulator of the telecommunications sector in India.
- The TRAI Act was amended by an ordinance, effective from 24 January 2000, establishing a
Telecom Disputes Settlement and Appellate Tribunal (TDSAT) to take over the adjudicatory
and disputes functions from TRAI.
Important functions:
- TRAI regularly issues orders and directions on various subjects such as tariffs, interconnections, quality of service, Direct To Home (DTH) services and mobile number portability.
Composition:
1. It consists of a Chairperson and not more than two full-time members and not more than two part-time members.
2. They are appointed by the Central Government and the duration for which they can hold
their office is three years or until they attain the age of 65 years, whichever is earlier.
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ROUND 2 ENROL - https://rzp.io/l/z7oY2je
👉🔺 United Nations Peacekeeping
- United Nations Peacekeeping is a joint effort between the Department of Peace Operations and the Department of Operational Support.
- Every peacekeeping mission is authorized by the Security Council.
- The financial resources of UN Peacekeeping operations are the collective responsibility of UN
Member States. According to UN Charter every Member State is legally obligated to pay their respective share for peacekeeping.
Composition:
- UN peacekeepers (often referred to as Blue Berets or Blue Helmets because of their light blue
berets or helmets) can include soldiers, police officers, and civilian personnel.
- Peacekeeping forces are contributed by member states on a voluntary basis. Civilian staff of peace operations are international civil servants, recruited and deployed by the UN Secretariat.
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ROUND 2 ENROL - https://rzp.io/l/z7oY2je
- United Nations Peacekeeping is a joint effort between the Department of Peace Operations and the Department of Operational Support.
- Every peacekeeping mission is authorized by the Security Council.
- The financial resources of UN Peacekeeping operations are the collective responsibility of UN
Member States. According to UN Charter every Member State is legally obligated to pay their respective share for peacekeeping.
Composition:
- UN peacekeepers (often referred to as Blue Berets or Blue Helmets because of their light blue
berets or helmets) can include soldiers, police officers, and civilian personnel.
- Peacekeeping forces are contributed by member states on a voluntary basis. Civilian staff of peace operations are international civil servants, recruited and deployed by the UN Secretariat.
#ticket2mains
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ROUND 2 ENROL - https://rzp.io/l/z7oY2je