Sub-Programmes under SARVA SHIKSHA ABHIYAN

(a) The Padhe Bharat Badhe Bharat (PBBB), a sub-programme of the SSA, in classes I and II is focusing on foundational learning in early grades with an emphasis on reading, writing and comprehension and mathematics.

(b) The Rashtriya Aavishkar Abhiyan (RAA), also under the SSA, aims to motivate and engage children of the age group 6-18 years, in science, mathematics and technology by observation, experimentation. Schools have been adopted for mentoring by institutions of higher education like IIT‘s, IISER‘s and NIT‘s.

(c) Vidyanjali, another sub-programme under SSA, was with the aim to strengthen implementation of co-scholastic activities in government schools through services of volunteers.

(d) ShaGun portal - an Initiative to monitor the implementation of SSA: MHRD has developed a web portal called ShaGun. ShaGun will help monitor progress by assessing performance of states and UTs on key parameters. ShaGun, which has been coined from them words Shala‘ meaning schools and Gunvatta‘ meaning quality, has been developed with a twin track approach.

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National Social Assistance Programme
The Government of India introduced National Social Assistance Programme (NSAP) in 1995 as a centrally sponsored scheme under which 100 per cent central assistance is extended to the states/UTs

Presently NSAP comprises the following schemes for Below Poverty Line (BPL) Households:

Indira Gandhi National Old Age Pension Scheme (IGNOAPS): Under the scheme, assistance
is provided to person of 60 years and above and belonging to family living below poverty.

Indira Gandhi National Widow Pension Scheme (IGNWPS): Under the scheme central assistance of ₹ 300/- per month is provided to widows in the age-group of 40-79 years and belonging to family living below poverty.

Indira Gandhi National Disability Pension Scheme (IGNDPS): Under the scheme central
assistance of ₹ 300/- per month is provided to persons aged 18-79 years with severe or
multiple disabilities and belonging to family living below poverty.

National Family Benefit Scheme (NFBS): Under the scheme a BPL household is entitled to lump sum amount of money on the death of primary breadwinner aged between 18 and 59 years. The amount of assistance is ₹ 20,000/-.

Annapurna: Under the scheme, 10 kg of foodgrains per month are provided free of cost to those senior citizens who, though eligible under IGNOAPS, are not receiving pension under IGNOAPS

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Jan Shikshan Sansthans (JSS):

-Formerly under the Ministry of Human Resources Development, Jan Shikshan Sansthan was transferred to the Ministry of Skill Development & Entrepreneurship in
2018.
• Jan Shikshan Sansthans (JSS) were established to provide vocational training to nonliterate, neo-literate, as well as school dropouts by identifying skills as would have a
market in the region of their establishment
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Ek Bharat Shreshtha Bharat
● Aim: To promote engagement amongst the people of different states/UTs so as to enhance mutual understanding and bonding between people of diverse cultures, thereby securing stronger unity and integrity of India.
● The Ministry of Human Resource Development has been designated Nodal Ministry for coordination of the programme
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IndARC
- IndARC is India's first underwater moored observatory in the Arctic region.
-It was deployed in 2014 at Kongsfjorden fjord, Svalbard, Norway which is midway between Norway and the North Pole.
-Its research goal is to study the Arctic climate and its influence on the monsoon.
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Interpol
-The International Criminal Police Organization (INTERPOL) is an intergovernmental organization established in 1923, headquartered at Lyon, France.

- It facilitates worldwide police cooperation and crime control in around 194 countries.

- Each of the member countries hosts an INTERPOL National Central Bureau (NCB). This connects their national law enforcement with other countries and with the General Secretariat of Interpol

The Central Bureau of Investigation, which is a Federal/Central investigating agency functioning under the Central Government, Department of Personnel & Training is designated as the National Central Bureau of India

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What are development Banks?
Development banks are financial institutions that provide long-term credit for capital intensive investments spread over a long period and yielding low rates of return, such as urban infrastructure, mining and heavy industry, and irrigation systems.

Such banks often lend at low and stable rates of interest to promote long-term investments with considerable social benefits.

Development banks are also known as term-lending institutions or development finance institutions (DFIs).
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(KIRAN) Scheme
The Knowledge Involvement in Research Advancement through Nurturing (KIRAN) Scheme is one of the several pioneering initiatives started by the Department of Science and Technology (DST) for promoting women in science.

-It is primarily aimed to bring gender parity in the Science & Technology sector by inducting more women talent in the research & development domain through various programmes.

-It also provides fellowship support to women ranging in the age group 27 to 57 years for continuing higher education in Science and Technology after a break in career.
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Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs)
- REITs are securities linked to real estate that can be traded on stock exchanges once they get listed
- Under it, REITs sell units to investors. This money is invested in real estate projects to earn rental income.
- The income is then distributed to unit holders. Besides regular income from rents and leases, gains from capital appreciation of real estate also form an income for the unit holders.

Infrastructure Investment trusts (InvITs)
-InvITs are investment schemes similar to mutual funds. They allow investment from individuals and institutional investors in infrastructure projects to earn a portion of the income as return.
- They can be considered as a modified version of REITs designed to suit the specific circumstances of the infrastructure sector.
- They attract long term finance to invest in infrastructure projects such as roads or highways which take some time to generate steady cash flows.

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Central Bureau of Narcotics

-The Central Bureau of Narcotics (CBN) headed by the Narcotics Commissioner is headquartered at Gwalior.
-The administrative control of the department lies with CBEC while its operational functions are monitored by the Department of Revenue, the nodal Department entrusted with the task of policy
decisions over control over narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and precursor and essential chemicals used in the manufacture of the NDPS.


Narcotics Control Bureau

- Constituted in 1986 under the Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985.
- It is the apex coordinating agency under the Ministry of Home Affairs.
- The National Policy on Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances is based on Article 47 of the Indian Constitution - prohibition of the consumption, except for medicinal purposes, of intoxicating drugs injurious to health.
- Drug abuse control is the responsibility of the central government.


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TARGET SHOTS(Both Current & Static

The Khoya Paya portal is a citizen based website to exchange information on missing and found children. It has been developed by the Ministry of Women and Child Development and the Department of Electronics and Information Technology (DeitY)

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Knowledge Involvement in Research Advancement through Nurturing (KIRAN) Scheme

▪️ by the Department of Science and Technology (DST)

▪️for promoting women in science.

▪️ to provide various career opportunities to women scientists and technologists.

▪️It is primarily aimed to bring gender parity in the Science & Technology sector by inducting more women talent in the research & development domain through various programmes.

▪️It also provides fellowship support ranging from Rs 25000 to 55000 to women ranging in the age group 27 to 57 years for continuing higher education in Science and Technology after a break in career.

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National Dope Testing Laboratory (NDTL)

▪️ NDTL is an autonomous body under this Ministry of Youth and Sports Affairs.

▪️It is accredited by National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories (NABL) for
ISO:IEC 17025 (2003) and World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) for testing of urine and blood samples from human sports.

▪️ NDTL was registered in 2008 under Registration of Society Act, 1860.

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Rashtriya Yuva Sashaktikaran Karyakram (RYSK)

It is a flagship programme of the Department for empowerment of the youth, Ministry of youth affairs and sports to enable youth to realise their potential.

It is the new umbrella scheme which consolidates Nehru Yuva Kendra Sangathan NYKS), National Youth Corps (NYC), National Programme for Youth & Adolescent Development (NPYAD) and National Discipline Scheme (NDS), National Young Leaders Programme (NYLP).

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Constitution Day , also known as Samvidhan Divas,
▪️ celebrated in India on 26 November every year to commemorate the adoption of the Constitution of India. On 26 November 1949, the Constituent Assembly of India adopted the Constitution of India, and it came into effect on 26 January 1950

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Indian Legal System

The Indian Legal System comprises four components namely the

1)Basic values and principles enshrined in the Constitution

2) Organizational set up to enforce these rights and obligations within the Constitutional norms


3)rights and obligations conferred by ordinary statues

4) legal and the judicial personnel.


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Rashtriya Yuva Sashaktikaran Karyakram (RYSK)

It is a flagship programme of the Department for empowerment of the youth, Ministry of youth affairs and sports to enable youth to realise their potential.

It is the new umbrella scheme which consolidates Nehru Yuva Kendra Sangathan NYKS), National Youth Corps (NYC), National Programme for Youth & Adolescent Development (NPYAD) and National Discipline Scheme (NDS), National Young Leaders Programme (NYLP).

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Tele-density
Tele-density, which denotes the number of telephones per 100 populations, is an important indicator of telecom penetration.

Overall tele-density in the country was 90.10 per cent at the end of March 2019. The rural tele-density was 57.50 per cent while that in urban areas it was 159.66 per cent
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🔵Chardham project

🔺It is a project involves developing and widening 900-km of national highways connecting the holy Hindu pilgrimage sites of; Badrinath, Kedarnath, Gangotri, and Yamunotri

🔺The highway will be called Char Dham Mahamarg(Char Dham Highway) and the highway construction project will be called as Char Dham Mahamarg Vikas Pariyojana(Char Dham Highway Development Project).

🔺The roads will be widened from 12m to 24m and the project will involve construction of tunnels, bypasses, bridges, subways and viaducts.

These projects are being implemented by three executing agencies of the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways:
1. Uttarakhand State PWD
2. Border Road Organization (BRO)
3. National Highway & Infrastructure Development Corporation Limited
(NHIDCL)

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