🔥🔥Small Island Developing States (SIDS):

🔺Group of 38 UN Member States and 20 Non-UN Members/Associate Members.

🔺Geographical Distribution: The Caribbean, the Pacific, and the Atlantic, Indian Ocean, and South China Sea (AIS).

🔺Recognition: Acknowledged as a special case for their unique environment and development challenges.

🔺Significance: Designation made at the 1992 United Nations Conference on Environment in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.


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🔥 UNEP’s Champions of the Earth Award:

🔺UNEP's premier environmental annual honor.

🔺 Recognizes individuals, groups, and organizations for transformative contributions to the environment.

🔺 Established in 2005, honoring leaders in government, civil society, and the private sector.

#BeatPollution Initiative:

• Launched by UNEP to combat the pervasive impact of pollution on society.

• Indian Awardees: Indian awardees include: Indian wildlife biologist Dr. Purnima Devi Barman (2022); PM Narendra Modi (2018); Tulsi Tanti (Chairman of the Suzlon Group).

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#review

Sankalp Prelims Targeted Batch

New Batch from 1st Jan

🔥🔥 Planetary Boundaries:

🔺Planetary boundaries are the thresholds of environmental limits that define a “safe operating space for humanity”.

The nine planetary boundaries are:

🔥Biodiversity loss; Land-use change; Climate change; Nitrogen & phosphorus (geochemical) cycles Freshwater use; Ocean acidification; Chemical pollution; Atmospheric loading; Ozone depletion


✅ Of these 9 planetary boundaries, climate change, biodiversity loss, land-use change, and geochemical cycles have already been exceeded.

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🔑Smart Work Series 1

📌Master this Prelims strategy to conquer UPSC Mains Effortlessly

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UPSC Prelims 2024

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🔥🔥 Various Initiatives taken for Genome Sequencing:

# Human Genome Project

🔺 International research effort to determine the DNA sequence of the entire human genome.
🔺 It was coordinated by National Institutes of Health, USA and Department of Energy, USA


# IndiGen programme

🔺 Aims to undertake whole genome sequencing of 1000 Indian individuals representing diverse ethnic groups from India.
Funded by CSIR.


# Genome India Project

🔺Aims to collect 10000 genetic samples from citizens across India to build a reference genome.
🔺 By Department of Biotechnology.

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🔥🔥Greater One-Horned Rhino:

🔺 The reintroduction of Greater One-Horned Rhino in Manas National Park of Assam has indicated higher life expectancy of them.

🔺 Asia’s largest Rhino species and 4th largest land animal.

🔺 Excellent swimmer, Solitary animal , Has incredible sense of hearing and smell, but eyesight is relatively poor.

🔺Gestation period is about 16 months.

🔺Threats: Hunted for their horn

# IUCN: Vulnerable
CITES : Appendix I
The Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 : Schedule I



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'Green Nobel' Prize or United Earth Amazonia Prize

-Founder: Marcus Nobel, a Swedish-American businessman based in Portland, Oregon, has instituted this annual environmental prize.

-Focus: The prize is dedicated to recognizing and spotlighting projects that help preserve and sustain the Amazon rainforest and protect its biodiversity.

-Award Ceremony: The United Earth Amazonia prize will be awarded to six winners in June .

-The scope of the 2024 award will be expanded to include Brazil's neighboring nations that share the rainforest.

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🔹Part 2: Species in News (ENV 5)

🔥Most Important Environment Topics for UPSC Prelims 2024

🌏Today Live @ 5Pm :https://youtube.com/live/VyMmPnb08So

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PART 2: https://youtube.com/live/VyMmPnb08So

PART 1 : https://youtube.com/live/LXGLt2UmLts?feature=share

🔥🔥Fish-eating Crocodile or Gharial

● Freshwaters of the northern part of India.

● Primary Habitat: National Chambal Sanctuary, Katarniaghat Wildlife Sanctuary, Son River Sanctuary

● The population of Gharials is a good indicator of clean river water.

🔺The gharial reintroduction in the Beas Conservation Reserve is ambitious project of Panjab Gov.
🔺 Gharial were found Beas River till the 1960s but later became extinct.

🔺 Male gharials can grow up to 6.5 m, while females are smaller.

🔺Conservation Status:
● IUCN Status: CR
● Wildlife Protection Act Status: Schedule I
● CITES Appendix I

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Target 140+ Advanced 2024 Batch 5 - https://bit.ly/3TBKGw6

Batch starts Tomorrow

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🔥 Gajraj Suraksha: Elephant Safety System

●AI & Fibre Cables: Uses AI and sensitive optical fibre cables to detect elephants near railway tracks.

●Goal: Reduce elephant deaths from train accidents.

●Developed by Indian Railways

●How it Works:

-Senses Elephant Moves: Feels pressure waves from elephants walking near tracks.
-Vibration Detection: Optical fibres pick up footstep vibrations.
-Signals Trigger: Vibrations send signals in fibre network, spotting elephants up to 200m before track.

TARGET 140+