Anthropology by Shiva Teja (ACE WITH EASE IAS)
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Ace With Ease IAS celebrating Gandhi Jayanthi differently.


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Anthro channel - https://t.me/shivateja_anthropology

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Youtube - https://youtube.com/@ace_with_ease_ias?si=5NLVfYDb4h5Wb773

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Relevance - Paper 1 ( unit 12)- Applications of Physical Anthropology
Paper 1 ( unit 9.8) and Paper 2 - Health among Indigneous People #UPSC#PYQS


📌Insights from Laura Bohannan's Work on Medical Anthropology

Laura Bohannan's emotional struggle and cultural observations during her fieldwork among Tiv horticulturalists of northern Nigeria, highlighting the interplay between traditional Tiv beliefs and Western biomedicine. The event centers on Amara, a woman who died during childbirth, and the Tiv community's response to her condition.

🔍 Medical Anthropology in the Field
Laura Bohannan’s ethnographic work (as Elenore Smith Bowen) provides profound insights into the intersection of culture, medicine, and social relationships, particularly in maternal health. Here's a quick dive into the key anthropological takeaways:

1️⃣ Cultural Perceptions of Illness and Death

Tiv Beliefs on Childbirth:
Childbirth complications are attributed to witchcraft and disrupted social relationships rather than physiological causes.
Western Perspective:
Bohannan identified probable biomedical factors like a mismatch between the baby’s head and Amara's pelvis.

2️⃣ Traditional Medicine vs. Biomedicine

Herbal Remedies:
Tiv midwives used herbal treatments, highlighting indigenous knowledge of medicinal plants.
Structural Barriers:
Cultural norms and logistical constraints made hospital care inaccessible, showcasing challenges in integrating biomedicine in traditional societies.

3️⃣ Social Dynamics in Health

Community and Health:
The Tiv believe illness stems from social discord, as seen when diviners refused to help due to past grievances with Yabo.
Shared Grief:
Amara’s death deeply impacted her community, disrupting their emotional and economic interdependence.

4️⃣ Limitations of Biomedicine

Practical Challenges:
Even with advanced techniques, access barriers and the rough journey to the hospital might have compromised care.
Critique of Western Assumptions:
Western medicine is not universally superior, as even industrialized nations like the U.S. face inequities in maternal care.

5️⃣ Maternal Mortality Disparities

Global Inequities:
Sub-Saharan Africa has the highest maternal mortality rate (1 in 16 women), driven by poverty, malnutrition, and poor access to healthcare.
Industrialized Nations:
In the U.S., maternal mortality rates are 3.5x higher than Canada’s, reflecting systemic inequities.
🌍 Anthropological Reflection
Bohannan’s work emphasizes the need for contextualizing biomedicine within local cultural frameworks. Bridging traditional and modern practices can pave the way for holistic healthcare solutions.

📚 References:

Bohannan, L. (as Elenore Smith Bowen). Return to Laughter. Harper & Row, 1964.
United Nations. (2003). Maternal Mortality Rates Worldwide.
#MedicalAnthropology #MaternalHealth #CulturalInsights #GlobalHealth #Anthropology #AnthropologybyShivaTeja #acewitheaseias
🪨Relevance Paper 2 - Archaeology and Tribal Anthropology

Tribal Nilgiris & Its Rock Art Heritage

The Nilgiris is home to ancient rock art sites deeply woven into the spiritual and cultural traditions of its indigenous tribes.

Vellerikkombai Rock Art Complex
Nestled near the Kurumba tribal hamlet, this sacred site is believed to house ritual goods and divine energy. Every year, a Kurumba shaman carves and empowers a wooden deity, sending it to the site to revitalize the spirits within the rock art, ensuring prosperity and fertility.

Thodhavan Paare – The Sacred Rock of the Todas
Located near the Pikkapathymund Toda hamlet, this rock art shelter serves as a resting place for the deceased, making it a revered site for the Toda community.

These rock shelters are more than just historical sites—they are living traditions that continue to shape the spiritual identity of the Nilgiris' tribes. 🌿

#Nilgiris #TribalHeritage #RockArt #Kurumbas #Todas #CulturalHeritage#acewitheaseias#anthropologybyshivatejasir