#Calcium and vitamin #D supplementation and increased risk of serrated #polyps: results from a randomised clinical trial

http://gut.bmj.com/content/early/2018/01/29/gutjnl-2017-315242


SPs were diagnosed in 565 of 2058 (27.5%) participants during the treatment phase and 329/1108 (29.7%) during the observational phase. In total, 211 SSA/Ps were identified during follow-up. In the treatment phase, there was no effect of either calcium or vitamin D on incidence of SSA/Ps. However, during the later observational phase, we observed elevated risks of SSA/Ps associated with calcium alone and calcium+vitamin D treatment (aRR (95% CI): 2.65 (1.43 to 4.91) and 3.81 (1.25 to 11.64), respectively).

Conclusion In a large multicentre chemoprevention study, we found evidence that calcium and vitamin D supplementation increased the risk of SSA/Ps. This appeared to be a late effect: 6–10 years after supplementation began. These possible risks must be weighed against the benefits of calcium and vitamin D supplementation

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Performance Characteristics of Fecal #Immunochemical Tests for Colorectal Cancer and Advanced Adenomatous #Polyps: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

https://annals.org/aim/article-abstract/2726664/performance-characteristics-fecal-immunochemical-tests-colorectal-cancer-advanced-adenomatous-polyps

A threshold of 10 µg/g resulted in sensitivity of 0.91 (95% CI, 0.84 to 0.95) and a negative likelihood ratio of 0.10 (CI, 0.06 to 0.19) for CRC, whereas a threshold of greater than 20 µg/g resulted in specificity of 0.95 (CI, 0.94 to 0.96) and a positive likelihood ratio of 15.49 (CI, 9.82 to 22.39). For advanced adenomas, sensitivity was 0.40 (CI, 0.33 to 0.47) and the negative likelihood ratio was 0.67 (CI, 0.57 to 0.78) at 10 µg/g, and specificity was 0.95 (CI, 0.94 to 0.96) and the positive likelihood ratio was 5.86 (CI, 3.77 to 8.97) at greater than 20 µg/g.

Studies had low to high heterogeneity, depending on the threshold. Although several FITs had adequate performance, sensitivity and specificity for CRC for 1 qualitative FIT were 0.90 and 0.91, respectively, at its single threshold of 10 µg/g; positive and negative likelihood ratios were 10.13 and 0.11, respectively. Comparison of 3 FITs at 3 thresholds was inconclusive: CIs overlapped, and the comparisons were across rather than within studies.

Conclusion:
Single-application FITs have moderate to high sensitivity and specificity for CRC, depending on the positivity threshold. Sensitivity of 1-time testing for advanced adenomas is low, regardless of the threshold.

Association of nonalcoholic fatty #liver disease with #colorectal adenomatous #polyps and non-adenomatous polyps: a cross-sectional study

https://2medical.news/2023/09/14/association-of-nonalcoholic-fatty-liver-disease-with-colorectal-adenomatous-polyps-and-non-adenomatous-polyps-a-cross-sectional-study/

Detection of high-risk #polyps at screening colonoscopy indicates risk for #liver and #biliary #cancer death

https://2medical.news/2023/09/29/detection-of-high-risk-polyps-at-screening-colonoscopy-indicates-risk-for-liver-and-biliary-cancer-death/