🏢 Important Points to Remember about Constituent Assembly of India

🇮🇳The idea for a Constituent Assembly for drafting a constitution for India was first provided by Bal Gangadhar Tilak in 1895. In 1934, the demand for a constituent assembly was raised for the first time, which later became an Official Demand in 1935. This demand was accepted in August 1940 offer by the British.

🇮🇳The constituent assembly was formed on the recommendation of the Cabinet Mission which visited India in 1946

🇮🇳The first meeting of Constituent Assembly was held on December 9, 1946— its temporary president was Dr  Sacchidanand Sinha

🇮🇳The second meeting was held on December 11, 1946. Its president was Dr Rajendra Prasad.

🇮🇳The Objectives Resolution was passed under the chairmanship of J.L. Nehru.on 13 December 1946.

🇮🇳The Draft of Indian Constitution was presented in October 1947. President of the Drafting Committee was Bhim Rao Ambedkar

🇮🇳The total time consumed to prepare the draft was 2 years, 11 months, 18 days.

🇮🇳The Constituent Assembly was the First Parliament of Independent India.

🇮🇳The Indian Constitution was enacted on November 26, 1949, and put into force on January 26, 1950.

🇮🇳On that day, the Constituent Assembly ceased to exist, transforming itself into the Provisional Parliament of India until a new Parliament was constituted in 1952

🇮🇳Functions performed by Constituent Assembly

Enacting of ordinary laws

Adopted national flag- 22-07-1947

Adopted national anthem- 24-01-1950

Adopted national song- 24-01-1950

Elected Dr Rajendra Prasad first President of India: 26-01-1950

 Facts about the constituent assembly

Had 11 sessions over 2 years, 11 months and 18 days

Constitution makers visited 60 countries.

Total expenditure - Rs 64 lakh

Major Committees

Union Powers Committee - Jawaharlal Nehru

Union Constitution Committee - Jawaharlal Nehru

Provincial Constitution Committee - Sardar Patel

Drafting Committee - Dr. B.R. Ambedkar

Advisory Committee on Fundamental Rights and Minorities - Sardar Patel

This committee had Two sub-committees:

(a) Fundamental Rights Sub-Committee - J.B. Kripalani

(b) Minorities Sub-Committee - H.C. Mukherjee

Rules of Procedure Committee - Dr. Rajendra Prasad

States Committee (Committee for Negotiating with States) - Jawaharlal Nehru

Steering Committee - Dr. Rajendra Prasad 

@examground
@examground

www.examground.in
#cdsexam #cdse #afcat_notes #afcatexam

🧰 Important Age & Time Limits in Indian Constitution

⚠️Office
🔊Minimum Age

⚠️The President
🔊35 years

⚠️The Vice-President
🔊35 year's

⚠️Lok Sabha Speaker
🔊25 years

⚠️Deputy Speaker of Lok Sabha
🔊25 years

⚠️Chief Justice of India
🔊No Limit

⚠️Other Judges of the Supreme Court
🔊No Limit

⚠️Members of Lok Sabha
🔊25 years

⚠️Members of Rajya Sabha
🔊30 years

⚠️Attorney General of India
🔊No Limit

⚠️Comptroller and Auditor
General of India
🔊No Limit

⚠️Chairman U.P.S.C.
🔊No Limit

⚠️Members U.P.S.C.
🔊No Limit

⚠️Governor
🔊35 years

⚠️Chief Minister
🔊25 years

⚠️Members of Legislative Assembly
🔊25 years

⚠️Members of Legislative Council
🔊30 year's

⚠️Advocate General
🔊No Limit

⚠️Members of State Public Service Commission
🔊No Limit

⚠️Chief Justice of High Court
🔊No Limit

⚠️Other Judges of High Court
🔊No Limit

@examground
@examground

www.examground.in
#cdse #cdsexam

IMPORTANT FOR CDSE😱

Make In India🇮🇳

* Make In India is a national program designed to transform India into a global manufacturing hub.

* It contains lot of proposals designed to urge companies — local and foreign — to invest in India and make the country a manufacturing powerhouse.

# Sectors covered under Make In India programme

The focus of Make In India programme is on creating jobs and skill enhancement in 25 sectors. These include:

Automobiles.

Aviation.

Chemicals.

IT & BPM.

Pharmaceuticals.

Construction.

Defense manufacturing.

Electrical machinery.

Food processing.

Textiles and garments.

Ports.

Leather.

Media and entertainment.

Wellness.

Mining.

Tourism and hospitality.

Railways.

Automobile components.

Renewable energy.

Mining.

Bio-technology.

Space.

Thermal power.

Roads and highways.

Electronics systems.

@examground
@examground

#cdsgktips #cdsgk #cdsexam

CDSE MOCKS ARE LAUNCHING SOON✌️

🔰 Important Notes on Indian Culture 🔰
==============================

✅The book ‘Nighantu’ was wriiten by Dhanvantari. It is one of the oldest medico-botanical dictionary. Later this book was revised by Kasyapa. It is a treatise on medicinal herbs and drugs.

✅Barani was a contemporary of Muhammad bin Tughlaq and Firuz Shah Tughlaq both. He wrote a number of renowned texts, such as the Fatwa-i-Jahandari, which elaborates on the principles to be followed by Muslim rulers to attain merit.

✅The style of art and architecture in the Vijaynagara empire was essentially opulent, ornate and exuberant. Numerous temples were built throughout the kingdom during the Vijaynagara rule. During this time art and architecture attained a certain fullness and freedom of expression.

✅Virupaksha temple was built in the capital city of Vijaynagara empire, Hampi. It is also known as Pampapati was the most sacred and noted for its architectural values. The ruins of Hampi are a witness to the distinct style of architecture of Vijayanagar.

✅Specimens of paintings of Vijayanagar are found at the following places:Tirupati and Lepakshi. the Chennakesava temple at Somapalle, the Varadaraja temple at Kanchipurarn and the temples at Hampi and Anegundi.

✅Ashokan Edicts in the form of Rock Edicts, Pillar Edicts, and Cave Inscriptions are found at different places in the Indian Sub-continent. The Rummindei inscription is the only Asokan inscription which makes a precise reference to taxation.

✅The Mauryas maintained a huge standing army. The state taxes were insufficient to maintain such huge army, so they started to regulate certain economic activities to generate more revenue. The main source of income was land revenue.

✅The Yajur Veda majorly deals with the procedure for the performance of sacrifices. The Upveda of the Yajur Veda is called the Dhanur Veda .It contains a collection of short magic spells which is used by a certain class of priests at the time of sacrifices.

✅The third veda which is the Yajur Veda deals with the procedure for the performance of sacrifices. It is mainly a compilation of ritual-offering formulas. These were recited by a priest while an individual performed ritual actions such as those before the yajna fire.

✅The traditional rod puppet form of West Bengal is known as Putul Nautch. They are carved from wood and follow the various artistic styles of a particular region.

@examground
@examground

#cdsgk #cdsexam #cds #cdsgktips

Monetisation

In a monetisation transaction, the government is basically transferring revenue rights to private parties for a specified transaction period in return for upfront money, a revenue share, and commitment of investments in the assets.

Real Estate Investment Trusts (Reits) and Infrastructure Investment Trusts (Invits), for instance, are the key structures used to monetise assets in the roads and power sectors.

These are also listed on stock exchanges, providing investors liquidity through secondary markets as well.

While these are a structured financing vehicle, other monetisation models on PPP (Public Private Partnership) basis include:

Operate Maintain Transfer (OMT),

Toll Operate Transfer (TOT), and

Operations, Maintenance & Development (OMD).

Greenfield vs Brownfield Investment

Greenfield Project:

It refers to investment in a manufacturing, office, or other physical company-related structure or group of structures in an area where no previous facilities exist.

Brownfield investment:

The projects which are modified or upgraded are called brownfield projects.

The term is used for purchasing or leasing existing production facilities to launch a new production activity.

@examground
@examground

#afcat_notes #cdsexam #cdsgktips

🔥🌟 Vitamins and their chemical names

❂ Vitamin-A
➢ Chemical Name: Retinal
❍ Deficiency Disease: Night blindness
❖ source: agar, 🥛 milk, ण्ड egg, fruit

❂ Vitamin - B1
➢ Chemical Name: Thiamine
❍ Deficiency Disease: Berry-Berry
❖ Source: Peanuts, Potatoes, Vegetables

❂ Vitamin - B2
➢ Chemical Name: Riboflavin
❍ deficiency disease: skin eruption, eye disease
❖ sources: 🥚 egg, 🥛 milk, 🥦 green vegetables

❂ Vitamin - B3
➢ Chemical Name: Pantothenic Acid
❍ Deficiency Disease: burning feet, hair white
❖ Source: 🍗 Meat, 🥛 Milk, Atometer, Peanut

❂ Vitamin-B5
➢ Chemical Name: Nicotinamide (Niacin)
❍ Deficiency Disease: Monthly Disorder (Pelagra)
4 sources: meat, peanuts, potatoes

❂ Vitamin-B6
➢ Chemical Name: Pyridoxine
❍ deficiency diseases: anemia, skin diseases
❖ Source: ध milk, meat, 🥦 vegetable

❂ Vitamin - H / B7
➢ Chemical Name: Biotin
❍ deficiency diseases: hair fall, skin disease
4 sources: yeast, wheat, egg

❂ Vitamin - B12
➢ Chemical Name: Cyanocobalamin
❍ Deficiency Diseases: Anemia, Pandas Disease
❖ sources: meat, ekjelly, milk

❂ Vitamin-C
➢ Chemical Name: Ascorbic Acid
❍ Deficiency Disease: Scurvy, gingivitis
❖ Source: Amla, Animbu, Anantra, Anarangi

❂ Vitamin - D
➢ chemical name: calciferal
❍ Deficiency Disease: Rickets
❖ sources: ☀ sunlight, 🥛 milk, eggs

❂ Vitamin - E
➢ Chemical Name: Tecopheral
❍ Deficiency Disease: Decreased fertility
❖ Source: Green Vegetable, Milk, Milk

❂ Vitamin-K
➢ Chemical Name: Philoquinone
❍ Deficiency Disease: Blood clotting
❖ Source: Atmator, Green Vegetables, Milk

@examground
@examground

#afcat_notes #cdsexam #cdsgktips

www.examground.in

Black Holes

* A black hole is a place in space where gravity pulls so much that even light can not get out.

* The gravity is so strong because matter has been squeezed into a tiny space.

* This can happen when a star is dying.

* As no light can get out, they are invisible.

* Space telescopes with special tools can help find black holes. 

* Black holes can be big or small, like as small as just one atom or have mass up to 20 times more than the mass of the sun (stellar). 

* Stellar black holes are made when the center of a very big star falls in upon itself, or collapses. When this happens, it causes a supernova.

@examground
© ExamGround

#cdsexam #cdsgktips

🔰 Geography of India and World 🔰
=========================

🔸 The position of the Earth in its orbit when it is at the greatest distance from the Sun is called?
➖ Aphelion

🔸 The position of the orbit of the moon when it is at its greatest distance from the Earth is called?
➖ Apogee

🔸 The tropical storm in the Carribean or West Pacific Ocean with extremely strong winds is called?
➖ Hurricane

🔸 The wind which rotates in an anticlock direction in the Northern Hemispher and in a clockwise direction in the Southern Hemisphere is called?
➖ Tornado

🔸 The tidal mouth of a river where the salt water of the tide meets the fresh water of the river current is called?
➖ Estuary

🔸 Lines on the map denoting places experiencing equal baromatic pressure is called?
➖ Isobars

🔸 Lines denoting equal depth in the sea is called?
➖ Isobaths

🔸 The 7th largest country of the world in terms of area is?
➖ India

🔸 The fertile soil generally found in UP, Punjab, Haryana and Bihar is called?
➖ Alluvial soil

🔸 Which soil is suitable for the cultivation of cotton, wheat, oil seeds and tobacco?
➖ Black soil

🔸 Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Beas and Sutlej are the tributaries of which river?
➖ Indus

🔸 Yamuna, Chambal, Betwa, Sone, Ghagra, Gandak and Gomti are the tributaries of which river?
➖ The Ganges

🔸 Teesta river is the tributary of which river?
➖ Brahmaputra

🔸 On which river Bhakra Nangal Dam is constructed?
➖ Sutlej river in Punjab

🔸 On which river Nagarjuna Sagar Dam is contructed?
➖ Krishna river in Karnataka

@examground
@examground

#cdsexam #cdsgktips #cds