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📌 ● 12th Entrance Exam Date.

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የ12ኛ ክፍል ብሔራዊ ፈተና የሚሰጥበት ቀን ይፋ ሆነ። የ12ኛ ክፍል ሀገር አቀፍ ፈተና ከሐምሌ 3 እስከ ሐምሌ 5 ለማህበራዊ ሳይንስ ፤ ከሐምሌ  9 እስከ ሐምሌ 11/2016 ዓ/ም ለተፈጥሮ ሳይንስ ተፈታኞች በበይነ መረብ (Online) እና በዩኒቨርሲቲ ውስጥ በወረቀት ይሰጣል። በወረቀት ላይ የሚፈተኑ የማህበራዊ ሳይንስ ተፈታኞች ከሰኔ 30 እስከ ሐምሌ 01/2016 ዓ/ም እንዲሁም የተፈጥሮ ሳይንስ…
#Update

የ12ኛ ክፍል መልቀቂያ ፈተና በኦንላይን የምትፈተኑ ተማሪዎች ፈተናው የሚሰጠው በየ ትምህርት ቤታቹህ ሲሆን ለፈተናውም ኮምፒውተሮች፣ላፕቶፖች፣ታብሌቶች እና ሌሎች ግብአቶች እየተዘጋጁ ነው።

የአዲስ አበባ ተማሪዎች ሙሉ በሙሉ በኦንላይን እንደሚሰጥ ይጠበቃል።
Source: Atc
#Medicine

ስለ ሜዲስን ትንሽ ልበላቹህ

📡 ጥሩ ውጤት ማምጣት እስከቻላችሁና ግቢያቹህ ሜዲስን እንደሚሰጥ እርግጠኛ እስከሆናቹህ ድረስ ያለምንም ጥርጥር ህክምና ማጥናት ትችላላቹሁ


ሀገራችን ውስጥ እንደሚታወቀው ከፍተኛ የሆነ የሀኪሞች እጥረት ያለ ቢሆንም የስራ እድሉ ግን ብዙዎቻቹህ እንደምታስቡት እንደልብ አይደለም በተለይ በዚህ ወቅት በህክምና የተመረቁ ዶክተሮችን እንደድሮው መንግስት ሳይሆን ራሳቸው ናቸው ስራ ፈለገው የሚቀጠሩት ቢሆንም ግን በአጭር ጊዜ ውስጥ የግል ስራ ለመስራት ጥሩ እድል አለው ።


ምንም ጥያቄ የሌለው ነገር ሜዲስን ለመግባት ጥሩ ውጤት ሊኖራቹህ እንደሚገባ ነው ፤ ግቢ ስትገቡ በመጀመሪያው ሴሚስተር ጥሩ ግሬድ ሊኖራቹህ ግድ ይላል(50%) ፤ ኢንትራንስም ከ20% ዋጋ አለው የሜዲስን መግቢያ COC ደግሞ 30%

ግቢያቹህ በሚቀበለው ኮታ ልክ የተሻለ ውጤት ያስመዘገቡ ተማሪዎቹን ሜዲስን በምርጫቸው እንዲማሩ ይደርጋል


ፈጣሪ ረድቷቹህ ሜዲስን ለምትገቡ Full year Course

🧿 Pre-medical modules (16 weeks)

📌 Basic English Skills
📌 Communicative Skill
📌 Basic Writing skills
📌 Computer Application in Medicine
📌 Medical Psychology
📌 Medical Sociology and Anthropology
📌 Civics and Ethics

♨️ Vacation: 2

▶️ Pre-clinical Year I (Year 1)

📌 Body structure, Organization and Functions – I
📌 Body structure, Organization and Functions – II
📌 Metabolic Homeostasis and Molecular Genetics
📌 Basic concepts of Disease and Therapy


♨️Vacation: 2 weeks

📌 Measurment of Health and Diseases

📌 Blood and Immunity

📌 Neoplasia and Molecular Basis of Cancer

📌 Musculoskeletal, Integumentary and Craniofacial Regions

▶️ Pre-Clinical Year II (Year 2)

📌 Cardioipulmonary System

📌 Nutrition, Metabolic diseases and the GIT

📌 Urinary system and Toxicology

📌 Infectious Disease

♨️Vacation: 2 weeks

📌 Determinents of Health and Disease and research Methodology

📌 Endocrinology and Reproduction

📌 Neurosciences and Behavior

▶️1. Clinical Year I (Year 3)

📌Clinical Methods
📌Medical ethics and law I
Internal Medicine I
📌Surgery I
Obstetrics and Gynecology I
Paediatrics and Child Health I

▶️1. Clinical year II (Year 4 and 5)

📌Health Promotion and Disease Prevention
📌Health Management and Policy
📌Otorhinolaryngology (ENT)
📌Ophthalmology
📌Dentistry
📌Dermatology
📌Introduction to Gender

♨️Vacation: 2 weeks

📌 Paediatrics and Child
📌 Health I
📌Obstetrics and Gynecology II

📌 Diagnostic Radiology
📌 Medical Ethics and Law II
📌 Rural community Health Practice

♨️Vacations: 2 weeks

📌 Internal Medicine II
📌 Surgery II
📌 Psychiatry
📌 Emergency Medicine


💎 ይህ ከላይ የተጠቀሰው የትምህርት ካሪኩለም የጥቁር አንበሳ ሆስፒቲል ተማሪዎች የሚማሩበት የትምህርት ስርዓት ሲሆን ከዩንቨርሲቲዎች ጋር አንዳንድ መዋቅሮቹ ቢለያዩም ብዙ ነገሮቹ ግን ተመሳሳይ ናቸው



💰ስለ ስራ እድሉ እና ተያያዥ የህክምና ትምህርት መረጃዎችን በሌላ ጊዜ የምንዳስስላቹህ ይሆናል ።


💌 Caution

በጣም ግን አደራ ልላቹህ የምፈልገው ነገር ፍሬሽማን ኮርስ ላይ ጥሩ ውጤት ስላመጣቹህ ብቻ አልያም ሜዲስን የመማር ዕድል ስላላቹህ ብቻ ወይም ቤተሰብ ደስ እንዲለው ብላቹህ ሜዲስን ለመግባት እንዳትወስኑ ምክንያቱም ይህ የትምህርት መስክ ከሁሉም በላይ OVER LOAD ስላለው ብዙ ተማሪዎች ትምህርቱን መቋቋም አቅቷቸው ከመጫርም በላይ ስለሚጨልሉ አቅማችሁን አውቃቹህ ከፍላጎታቹህ ጋር ለማስማማት ሞክሩ ፤ በተለይ በተለይ ሶስቱን ተከታታይ አመታት የሚሰጡት ኮርሶች ከምታስቡት በላይ ጫና ሊኖራቸው እንደሚችል አውቃቹህ ከወዲሁ አቅማችሁን ፣ ችሎታችሁን እንዲሁም ተነሳሽነታችሁን ፈትሹ!!

Source
- Atc
@EthiopianStudentsTM
ለ12ኛ ክፍል ብሄራዊ ፈተና ተማሪዎች እንዲዘጋጁ የትሞህርት ሚኒስቴር አሳሰበ።

      
(ቀን ሚያዚያ 23/ 2016 ዓ.ም)የአጠቃላይ ትምህርት ልማት ዘርፍ ሚኒስትር ዴኤታ ወ/ሮ አየለች እሸቴ በጉዳዩ ዙሪያ በተዘጋጀ የአሰልጣኞች ስልጠና ማጠቃለያ ላይ እንደገለጹት የ2016 የ12ኛ ክፍል ብሄራዊ ፈተናና ኦላይን ለመስጠት ከሁሉም ክልሎች በተመረጡ 25 ከተሞች ለመስጠት ዝግጅት እየተደረገ ነው።


በወረቀት ከሚሰጠው አገር አቀፍ ፈተና ጎን ለጎን በቴክኖሎጁ ተደግፎ የሚሰጠው የኦንላይን ፈተና ተማሪዎች ከቦታ ቦታ ሳይጓጓዙ በየአካባቢያቸው ቤተሰቦቻቸው ጋር እያደሩ ፈተናውን እንዲወስዱ እንደሚያስችላቸው ሚኒስትር ዴኤታዋ ተናግረዋል።


በመሆኑም ፈተናው እንዲሰጥባቸው በተመረጡ ከተሞች ፈተናውን በኦንላይን የሚወስዱ የዚህ ዓመት የ12ኛ ክፍል ተማሪዎች ከወዲሁ እንዲዘጋጁ ወ/ሮ አየለች አሳስበዋል።


በየደረጃው የሚገኙ ባለድርሻ አካላትም ከወዲሁ በቅንጅት በመስራት ሃላፊነታቸውን ሊወጡ እንደሚገባም ጠቁመዋል።


ወላጆች ስለፈተናው የተሻለ አረዳድና ግንዛቤ እንዲኖራቸው ልጆቻቸውን እንዲደግፉና በራስ መተማመን ወደፈተናው ሊገቡ የሚችሉበትን ዕድል ሊፈጥሩ እንደሚገባም አመላክተዋል።


ከሚቀጥለው ዓመት ጀምሮም በኦን ላይን የሚሰጠውን ፈተና በተሻለ ደረጃ ተደራሽ ለማድረግ እየተሰራ መሆኑንም ሚኒስትር ዴኤታዋ ጠቁመዋል።


የአገር አቀፍ የትምህርት ምዘናና ፈተናዎች አገልግሎት ዋና ዳይሬክተር የሆኑት እሸቱ ከበደ (ዶ/ር) በበኩላቸው ፈተናን ለተማሪዎች በኦንላይን መስጠት ምቹና ቀላል መሆኑን በዚሁ ጊዜ ጠቅሰው የኦንላይን ተፈታኞች ፈተናውን ከመውሰዳቸው በፊት ደጋግመው እንዲለማመዱ የሚያስችል ቅድመ ዝግጅት እየተደረገ መሆኑንም ከትምህርት ሚኒስቴር የተገኘው መረጃ ያሳያል።
♻️ Important Notes - Electrochemical Cells ♻️

► An electrochemical cell can convert electrical energy to chemical energy and can also convert electrical energy to chemical energy. There are two types of electrochemical cells- Galvanic cell and Electrolytic cell.

► Cathodes are usually metal electrodes. It is the electrode where reduction takes place. The cathode is the positive electrode in a galvanic cell and a negative electrode in an electrolytic cell. Electrons move into the cathode.

► A half-cell is half of an electrochemical cell (electrolytic or galvanic), where either oxidation or reduction occurs. At equilibrium, there is no transfer of electrons across the half cells. Therefore, the potential difference between them is nil.

► A salt bridge is a device used to connect the oxidation and reduction half-cells of a galvanic cell (a type of electrochemical cell). Strong electrolytes are generally used to make the salt bridges in electrochemical cells. Since ZnSO4 is not a strong electrolyte, it is not used to make salt bridges.

► Emf of a cell is equal to the maximum potential difference across its electrodes, which occurs when no current is drawn through the cell. It can also be defined as the net voltage between the oxidation and reduction half-reactions.

► Cell potential is an intensive property as it is independent of the amount of material present. Gibbs free energy is defined for an electrochemical cell and is an extensive property as it depends on the quantity of the material.

► Electrode potential is the tendency of an electrode to accept or to lose electrons. Electrode potential depends on the nature of the electrode, temperature of the solution and the concentration of metal ions in the solution. It doesn’t depend on the size of the electrode.

► The salt bridge connects the two half-cell solutions to complete the circuit of the electrochemical cell. The electrolytes of the salt bridge are generally prepared in agar-agar or gelatin so that the electrolytes are kept in a semi-solid phase and do not mix with the half-cell solutions and interfere with the electrochemical reaction.

► A salt bridge is a junction that connects the anodic and cathodic compartments in a cell or electrolytic solution. It maintains electrical neutrality within the internal circuit, preventing the cell from rapidly running its reaction to equilibrium.

► A Voltaic or Galvanic cell is a type of electrochemical cell that converts chemical energy into electrical energy. Photovoltaic cells are used to convert light energy into electrical energy. An Electrolytic cell is a type of electrochemical cell that converts electrical energy into chemical energy. A fuel cell is an electrochemical cell that converts the chemical energy of a fuel and an oxidizing agent into electricity.

► For all spontaneous chemical reactions, the change in Gibbs free energy (ΔG°) is always negative. For a spontaneous reaction in an electrolytic cell, the cell potential (E°cell) should be positive.

► In an electrochemical cell, when an opposing externally potential is applied and increased slowly, the reaction continues to take place. When the external potential is equal to the potential of the cell, the reaction stops. Once the externally applied potential is greater than the potential of the cell, the reaction goes in the opposite direction and the cell behaves like an electrolytic cell.

► Primary cells cannot be used again and again. Since there is no fluid inside, these cells are also known as dry cells. The internal resistance is high and the chemical reaction is irreversible. Their initial cost is cheap.

► A secondary battery (a series of cells) is one which can be charged, discharged into a load, and recharged many times. Nickel-cadmium cell, Lead storage cell and Mercury cell are examples of secondary cells. Leclanche cell is an example of a primary cell.


🧪🧪 @EthioSchool_12  🧪🧪
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#Alkene_and_Addition_Reaction 😊

1⃣ Why is propene stronger than ethene ?

2⃣ How do you distinguish alkene from alkane ?
By what chemical test ?

3⃣ Why is double bond more reactive than single bond ?

4⃣ Why do alkenes readily react with other compounds ?

📥 Share your answers in  ( @EntranceGroup9_12 ) group.
#Bernoulli's principle

Bernoulli's principle is a fundamental principle in fluid dynamics that states that as the speed of a fluid increases, its pressure decreases, and vice versa. In simple terms, it is about the relationship between the speed and pressure of a fluid in motion.

The formula for Bernoulli's principle is:

P + 1/2 * ρ * v^2 + ρ * g * h = constant

where:
P is the pressure of the fluid,
ρ is the density of the fluid,
v is the velocity of the fluid,
g is the acceleration due to gravity, and
h is the height of the fluid above a reference point.

In a nutshell, Bernoulli's principle describes how the total energy of a fluid flowing through a pipe or over an object remains constant along the flow path, meaning an increase in the fluid's speed results in a decrease in pressure, and vice versa. This principle has applications in various fields like aviation, meteorology, and engineering. 🌊✈️🔧
የአዲስ አበባ ከተማ ፣ የአራዳ ክ/ከተማ የናቹራሎች 2016ዓም 2ኛ ሴሚስተር ሞዴል ፈተና (Model Question) ⬇️  ፡፡
☆Chemical Compounds Names -

★ Acetic acid formula
➷  CH3COOH
★ Aluminium hydroxide formula
➷ Al(OH)3
★ Acetate formula
➷ CH3COO-
★ Acetone formula
➷ C3H6O
★ Aluminium acetate formula
➷ Al2O(C2H3O2)4
★ Aluminum bromide formula 
➷ AlBr3
★ Aluminum carbonate formula
➷ Al2(CO3)3
★ Aluminum chloride formula 
➷ AlCl3
★ Aluminum fluoride formula 
➷ AlF3
★ Aluminum formula
➷ Al
★ Aluminum iodide formula
➷ AlI3
★ Aluminum oxide formula
➷ Al2O3
★ Aluminum phosphate formula
➷ AlPO4
★ Amino acid formula  
➷ R(NH2)-COOH
★ Ammonia formula 
➷ NH4
★ Ammonium dichromate formula
➷ Cr2H8N2O7

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