Trading Crypto Guide
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What is PoS (Proof of Stake) ?

Proof of Stake (#PoS) is a consensus #algorithm used in #blockchain networks as an alternative to Proof of Work (#PoW). It is used to validate transactions and add new #blocks to the blockchain.

In #PoS, #validators or nodes are selected based on the amount of cryptocurrency they hodl or "#stake" in the network. The more cryptocurrency a validator hodls, the higher their chances of being chosen to validate the next block. This is in contrast to PoW, where miners compete to solve complex mathematical problems in order to# validate the next block.

The process of block validation in PoS is called #forging, and the validators who are chosen to forge the next block are responsible for validating #transactions and adding them to the blockchain. Validators are incentivized to act honestly and perform their duties correctly, as they can lose their stake in the #network if they are found to be malicious or negligent.

One of the advantages of #PoS is that it is more #energy-efficient than PoW, as it does not require the use of specialized #hardware to perform the validation process. It also allows for a greater level of #decentralization, as more individuals can participate in the network as validators.

However, #PoS also has its limitations. For example, it can be vulnerable to# attacks if a single entity or group of entities holds a large percentage of the total #cryptocurrency in the network. It also requires a certain level of #trust in the validators, as they have the power to validate transactions and add them to the blockchain.
What is Delegated #DPoS(Proof of Stake) ?

Delegated Proof of Stake (#DPoS) is a consensus algorithm used by some blockchain networks to validate transactions and create new blocks in the chain. In DPoS, token holders elect a group of nodes, known as "#witnesses" or "#delegates," to act as validators and create new blocks on behalf of the network.

The voting power of each token holder is proportional to the number of #tokens they hold, and they can use their tokens to vote for their preferred witnesses. The top-ranked witnesses are then selected to create new #blocks, with each block being #verified and approved by a certain number of witnesses before being added to the #blockchain

#DPoS is designed to be a more efficient and faster alternative to Proof of Work (#PoW) consensus. In #PoW, miners compete to solve complex mathematical puzzles to create new blocks, which requires significant computational power and consumes a lot of energy. In #DPoS, the block creation process is delegated to a smaller group of validators, which reduces the computational requirements and #energy consumption of the network.

#DPoS is used by several blockchain networks, including #Steem, #BitShares, and #EOS. However, it has been criticized for being more #centralized than other #consensus algorithms, as the power to validate transactions and create new blocks is concentrated in the hands of a small group of #witnesses or delegates.
What is #PoI (Proof of Importance) ?

"Proof of Importance" is a #consensus mechanism used in #blockchain technology to validate and verify transactions on a network. It is used in the #NEM cryptocurrency network, which is based on the "#Importance" score of network participants rather than their #computing power (as in the case of Proof of Work) or their stake in the network (as in the case of Proof of Stake).

In the #Proof of Importance mechanism, the Importance score is determined by the amount of #NEM coins held by the user, as well as the number of transactions they have made in the network. The more coins held by the user and the more #transactions they have made, the higher their Importance score. This score is used to determine the likelihood that a particular user will be chosen to create the next block in the #blockchain.

The Proof of Importance #mechanism is designed to incentivize active participation in the network and discourage hoarding of #coins. It also allows for a more #decentralized network since users with a higher Importance #score are more likely to be chosen to validate transactions, rather than those with a large amount of computing power or #stake in the network. In other words, consensus reward users who actively transact in a cryptocurrency by prioritizing miners based on the amounts and sizes of transactions made from their wallets. A proof of importance system may account for additional factors, such as the wallets to and from which transactions are made.
What is #PoT (Proof of Time) ?

Proof of Time (#PoT) is a consensus algorithm used in some #cryptocurrencies to validate transactions and add new blocks to the #blockchain. It is a type of proof-of-resource #consensus mechanism, uses time as the resource instead of #computing power or stake.

In #PoT, participants must show that they have waited for a certain #amount of time before they can participate in the consensus process. This waiting period ensures that participants have invested real time and resources into the network, and helps to prevent #attacks such as double-spending or #blockchain reorganizations.

To participate in the consensus process, participants must first wait for a certain amount of time, which can vary depending on the #cryptocurrency and the network's #configuration. Once the waiting period has #elapsed, participants can then validate transactions and earn block #rewards by providing valid proofs of their participation in the consensus #process.
What Are Crypto Gaming Coins?

A gaming coin is a digital #currency or asset that’s typically created on a #blockchain network. They’re specifically designed for use within gaming #ecosystems. While game coins are informally referred to as "#coins," they are actually tokens because they are not native assets of the blockchains on which the games are built.

The use of #gaming coins in blockchain games #introduces the concept of player-owned economies, where players can manage, #trade, and transfer virtual #assets on peer-to-peer networks.

Gaming coins are usually #fungible, meaning one unit of a #gaming coin is interchangeable with another unit of the same value and can be divided into smaller #denominations.

Use Cases for Gaming Coins in Cryptocurrency

In-game currency
—> Players can buy or earn gaming coins to use within the game for various purposes, such as purchasing virtual goods, accessing additional features, or transacting with other users.

Reward programs —> Gaming coins can be used as a form of player reward, where players can earn coins by reaching certain milestones, completing quests, or participating in events. These coins can help incentivize players to remain engaged and loyal to a game.

Decentralized ownership —> Gaming coins can enable decentralized ownership of virtual assets, where players have complete control over their in-game items, characters, or virtual real estate. This can give players greater autonomy over their virtual possessions, allowing them to manage assets without a central authority.

Community —> Gaming coins can be used for community engagement and governance purposes. In other words, players could use their coins to participate in decision-making processes, vote on game-related matters, or support community initiatives.
What is #PoB (Proof Of Burn) ?

Proof of Burn (#PoB) is a consensus mechanism used in #blockchain networks. It involves participants #permanently "#burning" or destroying a certain amount of their own #coins or tokens to demonstrate their #commitment to the network.

In the Proof of Burn process, #participants send their coins or tokens to an address or #wallet where they are rendered un-spendable and #irretrievable. By doing so, participants prove that they have incurred a #cost or sacrificed value, which serves as evidence of their #dedication to the network.

The concept behind Proof of #Burn is that by destroying coins, participants show their willingness to invest #resources into the network and its #security. This can be seen as a form of #mining, where the burned coins act as a proof of work or stake.

In some #blockchain systems, participants who successfully #demonstrate their commitment through Proof of Burn may be #rewarded with newly minted coins or tokens as an #incentive for their contribution to the network's consensus process.

Proof of Burn is often considered an alternative or supplementary #consensus mechanism to Proof of Work (PoW) or Proof of Stake (PoS), offering different security and economic dynamics to the blockchain network.
What Are #Bitcoin Ordinals?

The #Ordinals protocol is a system for numbering #satoshis, giving each satoshi a serial number and tracking them across #transactions. Simply put, ordinals allows users to make individual satoshis unique by attaching extra data to them. This process is known as “inscription”.

Satoshis are numbered based on the order in which they were #mined and transferred. The numbering scheme relies on the order satoshis are mined, while the transfer scheme relies on the order of transaction #inputs and #outputs. Hence the name, “ordinals”.

While traditional #NFTs are similar to ordinals in some ways, there are a few key differences. NFTs have typically been made using smart #contracts on blockchains such as #Ethereum, #Solana, and the #BNB Smart Chain, and sometimes, the assets they represent are hosted elsewhere.

Conversely, ordinals are inscribed directly onto individual #satoshis, which are then included in blocks on the #Bitcoin #blockchain. Ordinals reside fully on the blockchain and do not require a sidechain or separate token. In this sense, ordinal inscriptions inherit the #simplicity, #immutability, #security, and #durability of Bitcoin itself.
What Is Taproot in #Bitcoin ?

#Taproot is a soft #fork that improves Bitcoin’s scripts to increase privacy, efficiency, and the network’s ability to process smart #contracts. It is considered the most significant Bitcoin upgrade since the #SegWit upgrade in 2017.

The #Taproot upgrade consists of 3 distinct Bitcoin Improvement Proposals (BIP), including Taproot, #Tapscript, and its core - the new digital signature scheme called #Schnorr signatures. Taproot aims to bring several benefits to Bitcoin users, such as enhanced transaction #privacy and lower transaction fees. It will also enable #Bitcoin to execute more complex transactions and potentially widen its use cases to compete with #Ethereum, especially on smart contract capabilities and supporting Decentralized Finance (#DeFi) and non-fungible token (NFT) on the network.

How does Taproot benefit #Bitcoin?

—> Improve network #scalability by reducing the amount of data to be transferred and stored on the #blockchain.

—> More transactions per block (higher #TPS rate).

—> Lower transaction #fees.
What is #MVRV Ratio ?

The #MVRV (Market Value to Realized Value) score is a metric used to assess the #valuation of a cryptocurrency by comparing its market value to its realized value. The #MVRV score helps to gauge whether a cryptocurrency is overvalued or undervalued based on its #historical price movement.

The market value of a #cryptocurrency refers to its current price multiplied by the total supply of #coins in circulation. On the other hand, the realized value takes into account the price at which each coin last moved on the #blockchain, essentially measuring the average price at which investors acquired their holdings.

So what does that Indicate ?

#MVRV Values > 3.5 has generally served as a strong signal for late stage #bull cycles, and heightened probability of heavy #distribution or simple indicate a potential Market Top.

#MVRV Vales < 1.0: indicates that a large cross-section of the #supply is near break-even, or held at a loss. These low values have typically provided strong signal of market capitulation and late stage #bear accumulations or Simply Indicate the Market Bottom.
What is #Unlabelled Miners ?

#Unlabeled #miners refer to the anonymous or unidentified participants in a #cryptocurrency network who are mining blocks but have not been publicly associated with any specific mining #pool or entity. In many blockchain networks, miners are typically associated with specific #mining pools or known entities that publicly #disclose their participation in the network.

Unlabeled miners, on the other hand, operate #independently without publicly declaring their identity or #affiliation. Their mining activities can be observed on the #blockchain as they contribute #computational power to validate transactions and secure the network. However, their specific identities or affiliations are not disclosed or #publicly known.

The presence of unlabeled miners adds to the decentralized nature of the network, as it #demonstrates that there are independent miners contributing to the consensus mechanism without necessarily being part of a larger mining pool. These #miners may choose to remain anonymous for various reasons, such as #privacy concerns, #competitive advantage, or #personal preferences.

It's worth noting that the #anonymity of miners can vary across different blockchain #networks. Some networks prioritize #transparency and require miners to publicly disclose their #identities or affiliations, while others allow for greater #anonymity and participation as unlabeled #miners.
What is Fork in Crypto ?

a #Fork refers to a significant change or divergence in the protocol of a blockchain network. It is a term used to describe the splitting of a #blockchain into two separate paths, each following its own set of rules.

There are two main types of forks: hard forks and soft forks.

#Hard Fork: A hard fork involves a substantial change in the protocol that is not #backward-compatible. It creates a permanent #divergence in the blockchain, resulting in two separate chains. #Nodes or participants who do not upgrade to the new protocol will continue to follow the old chain, while those who adopt the changes will follow the new chain. Hard forks often lead to the creation of new #cryptocurrencies with their own separate blockchain.

#Soft Fork: A soft fork, on the other hand, is a backward-compatible upgrade to the #protocol. It introduces changes that are compatible with the #existing rules, allowing nodes that have not #upgraded to continue validating transactions on the updated blockchain. In a soft fork, the blockchain remains as a single unified #chain, but nodes that have upgraded will enforce additional rules.
What is #DeFi ?

#DeFi, short for Decentralized Finance, refers to a category of financial applications and platforms built on #blockchain technology. It aims to recreate traditional financial systems and services, such as lending, borrowing, trading, and investing, in a #decentralized and permissionless manner, without the need for intermediaries like banks or #financial institutions.

In #DeFi, smart contracts are used to automate and execute financial transactions, allowing users to interact directly with the protocol using their digital assets. This eliminates the need for traditional intermediaries, reduces costs, and provides greater accessibility and financial inclusivity.

Key characteristics of #DeFi include open and transparent protocols, #permissionless access, composability (the ability to combine different #DeFi protocols and services), and the use of cryptocurrency or digital assets as #collateral or means of exchange.

#DeFi has gained significant popularity and growth in recent years, offering users opportunities to earn passive income, participate in #yield farming, access decentralized exchanges, and engage in other #innovative financial activities within the cryptocurrency #ecosystem.
What is Crowd-Loan ?

A crowdloan is a decentralized crowdfunding mechanism used in #blockchain networks that operate on a proof-of-stake (#PoS) consensus algorithm. It allows individuals to contribute their digital #assets, typically native tokens, to support the launch and development of a new blockchain or decentralized application (#DApp).

In a crowdloan, participants lock their tokens in a smart contract for a specific period of time, usually until the completion of the crowdloan #campaign. The contributed tokens act as #collateral and provide support for the project's funding needs. In return for their contribution, participants receive rewards or tokens from the project once it goes live.

Crowdloans are commonly associated with blockchain networks that employ parachain technology, such as Polkadot. Parachains are individual blockchains that operate within the #Polkadot ecosystem and rely on #crowdloans to secure their place in the network. Participants contribute tokens to a crowdloan to help a project win a #parachain slot, which allows them to connect to the main Polkadot network and interact with other parachains.

By participating in a crowdloan, individuals can support and invest in promising blockchain #projects in their early stages. It offers an opportunity to contribute to the growth of a network and potentially earn #rewards or tokens as a result.
What is #MVRV Ratio ?

The #MVRV (Market Value to Realized Value) score is a metric used to assess the #valuation of a cryptocurrency by comparing its market value to its realized value. The #MVRV score helps to gauge whether a cryptocurrency is overvalued or undervalued based on its #historical price movement.

The market value of a #cryptocurrency refers to its current price multiplied by the total supply of #coins in circulation. On the other hand, the realized value takes into account the price at which each coin last moved on the #blockchain, essentially measuring the average price at which investors acquired their holdings.

So what does that Indicate ?

#MVRV Values > 3.5 has generally served as a strong signal for late stage #bull cycles, and heightened probability of heavy #distribution or simple indicate a potential Market Top.

#MVRV Vales < 1.0: indicates that a large cross-section of the #supply is near break-even, or held at a loss. These low values have typically provided strong signal of market capitulation and late stage #bear accumulations or Simply Indicate the Market Bottom.
What is #MVRV Ratio ?

The #MVRV (Market Value to Realized Value) score is a metric used to assess the #valuation of a cryptocurrency by comparing its market value to its realized value. The #MVRV score helps to gauge whether a cryptocurrency is overvalued or undervalued based on its #historical price movement.

The market value of a #cryptocurrency refers to its current price multiplied by the total supply of #coins in circulation. On the other hand, the realized value takes into account the price at which each coin last moved on the #blockchain, essentially measuring the average price at which investors acquired their holdings.

So what does that Indicate ?

#MVRV Values > 3.5 has generally served as a strong signal for late stage #bull cycles, and heightened probability of heavy #distribution or simple indicate a potential Market Top.

#MVRV Vales < 1.0: indicates that a large cross-section of the #supply is near break-even, or held at a loss. These low values have typically provided strong signal of market capitulation and late stage #bear accumulations or Simply Indicate the Market Bottom.
What is #MVRV Ratio ?

The #MVRV (Market Value to Realized Value) score is a metric used to assess the #valuation of a cryptocurrency by comparing its market value to its realized value. The #MVRV score helps to gauge whether a cryptocurrency is overvalued or undervalued based on its #historical price movement.

The market value of a #cryptocurrency refers to its current price multiplied by the total supply of #coins in circulation. On the other hand, the realized value takes into account the price at which each coin last moved on the #blockchain, essentially measuring the average price at which investors acquired their holdings.

So what does that Indicate ?

#MVRV Values > 3.5 has generally served as a strong signal for late stage #bull cycles, and heightened probability of heavy #distribution or simple indicate a potential Market Top.

#MVRV Vales < 1.0: indicates that a large cross-section of the #supply is near break-even, or held at a loss. These low values have typically provided strong signal of market capitulation and late stage #bear accumulations or Simply Indicate the Market Bottom.
What is #MVRV Ratio ?

The #MVRV (Market Value to Realized Value) score is a metric used to assess the #valuation of a cryptocurrency by comparing its market value to its realized value. The #MVRV score helps to gauge whether a cryptocurrency is overvalued or undervalued based on its #historical price movement.

The market value of a #cryptocurrency refers to its current price multiplied by the total supply of #coins in circulation. On the other hand, the realized value takes into account the price at which each coin last moved on the #blockchain, essentially measuring the average price at which investors acquired their holdings.

So what does that Indicate ?

#MVRV Values > 3.5 has generally served as a strong signal for late stage #bull cycles, and heightened probability of heavy #distribution or simple indicate a potential Market Top.

#MVRV Vales < 1.0: indicates that a large cross-section of the #supply is near break-even, or held at a loss. These low values have typically provided strong signal of market capitulation and late stage #bear accumulations or Simply Indicate the Market Bottom.
What is #MVRV Ratio ?

The #MVRV (Market Value to Realized Value) score is a metric used to assess the #valuation of a cryptocurrency by comparing its market value to its realized value. The #MVRV score helps to gauge whether a cryptocurrency is overvalued or undervalued based on its #historical price movement.

The market value of a #cryptocurrency refers to its current price multiplied by the total supply of #coins in circulation. On the other hand, the realized value takes into account the price at which each coin last moved on the #blockchain, essentially measuring the average price at which investors acquired their holdings.

So what does that Indicate ?

#MVRV Values > 3.5 has generally served as a strong signal for late stage #bull cycles, and heightened probability of heavy #distribution or simple indicate a potential Market Top.

#MVRV Vales < 1.0: indicates that a large cross-section of the #supply is near break-even, or held at a loss. These low values have typically provided strong signal of market capitulation and late stage #bear accumulations or Simply Indicate the Market Bottom.
What is #MVRV Ratio ?

The #MVRV (Market Value to Realized Value) score is a metric used to assess the #valuation of a cryptocurrency by comparing its market value to its realized value. The #MVRV score helps to gauge whether a cryptocurrency is overvalued or undervalued based on its #historical price movement.

The market value of a #cryptocurrency refers to its current price multiplied by the total supply of #coins in circulation. On the other hand, the realized value takes into account the price at which each coin last moved on the #blockchain, essentially measuring the average price at which investors acquired their holdings.

So what does that Indicate ?

#MVRV Values > 3.5 has generally served as a strong signal for late stage #bull cycles, and heightened probability of heavy #distribution or simple indicate a potential Market Top.

#MVRV Vales < 1.0: indicates that a large cross-section of the #supply is near break-even, or held at a loss. These low values have typically provided strong signal of market capitulation and late stage #bear accumulations or Simply Indicate the Market Bottom.