دکتر امیر محمد شهسوارانی
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مرور سیستماتیک استرس و بررسی سازه ها و عوامل دخیل در آن

#Stress: #Facts and #Theories through #Literature #Review

#Amir_Mohammad_Shahsavarani, #Esfandiar_Azad_Marz_Abadi, #Maryam_Hakimi_Kalkhoran

Abstract
Introduction: #Human everyday life is full of #stress and strain, so that the present century is called stress era. Unfortunately, here is no literature integration about stress. The aim of the present paper is to make a theoretical integrative consensus in stress modalities.

Methods: The design of the present study was #systematic #review. #Inclusion #criteria were subjective relevance to study keywords (include #stress, #stress_control, #stress_reduction, #social_stress, #community_stress, #group_stress, #stress_increase, #stress_side_effects, #stress_resources, #stress_stages, #stress_types), being published by academic and/or scientific resource, and publication period (between January, 1, 1990 and March, 20, 2015). Using Jadad scale, those clinical trial papers with 2 and upper were selected. #Delphi_method used to form the structure of final results. Results were collected by content analysis.

Results: Eleven major definitions, three main classifications, three fundamental #explanatory perspectives, #occupational stress and related issues, #job #burnout and related issues, biological and #neuropsychological bases, related constructs (#anxiety, #homeostasis, #allostasis), #spiritual/religious/Islamic perspectives, stress outcomes, and multiple relations between stress and culture were presented and discussed.

Conclusion: The ppresent study was an effort to make a theoretical unity of thought in studies about stress. According to the results, it appears that stress cannot be investigated via unimodal studies, and there is a great need to incorporate #BioPsychoSocioSpiritual perspective in analyses and future frameworks of stress studies.

Keywords:
#Stress, #Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis, #Homeostasis, #Allostasis, #Cultural stress, BioPsychoSocioSpiritual model, Systematic Review, #Jadad Method, #Delphi Method.

کانال دکتر امیر محمد شهسوارانی

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@DrAmirMohammadShahsavarani


[download link]
http://journals.bmsu.ac.ir/ijmr/index.php/ijmr/article/view/107
مقاله جدید👇🏻

کارآیی مدل ماتریکس 12 جلسه ای در کاهش وابستگی به متامفتامین (شیشه): شواهدی زیستی و گزارش های فردی
2016

#Efficacy of #Regulated #12_Session #Matrix #Model on #restraining #methamphetamine_dependence: #Biological #evidence and #self_reports

#Zahra_Amiri, #Arash_Danesh, #Anoosheh_Tahmasebyshahrebabak, #Amir_Mohammad_Shahsavarani, #Habibeh_Heyrati, #Kolsoum_Sattari

Abstract
ABSTRACT
Introduction: #Substance #abuse is accompanied by a wide range of #psychological, #social, and #economic #adverse #outcomes and #damages. #Methamphetamine (ab)use is dangerous because of its wide range adverse outcomes and #hazardous sustaining #side_effects. Moreover, Methamphetamine-dependence is usually #treatment-#resistant. This study evaluated the Regulated 12-Session Matrix Model in treatment of outpatient methamphetamine-dependent individuals.
Method: 24 individuals were chosen according to #inclusion/#exclusion #criteria of the study and randomly assigned to equal #experimental (age range 19-41; mean age: 46.9) and #control groups (age range: 21-42; mean age: 27.8). Experimental group members partook Regulated 12-Session Matrix Model once a week in 12 consecutive weeks, while control group members remained at #waitlist.
Results: Independent t-test in 12th week showed that experimental group had lower methamphetamine use, comparing to control group (p<.05). #Phillai’s Trace, #Wilk’s Lambda, #Hotelling-Lawley's trace, and #Roy's largest root showed that there are #significant association between experimental and control groups in reduction of methamphetamine-use #lapse (p<.05). Within-subject F ratio revealed that “methamphetamine use” was significantly reduced in experimental group after clinical intervention (p<.001). Urine test showed significant difference in results of negative responses by the end of #intervention (p<.05) in experimental group, compared to control group, which was also significant from the results of both groups in pre-test (p<.001).
Discussion and conclusion: Efficacy of Regulated 12-Session Matrix Model in craving control and reduction of lapse and substance (ab)use in methamphetamine-dependent patients was approved with self-reports and biological #indicators. Regulated 12-Session Matrix Model has been proved to be beneficial in methamphetamine-dependencetreatment in #Iran and other alike #cultural and social atmospheres. Limitations and future implications are discussed.

Keywords: #Regulated_12_Session_Matrix_Model, #Methamphetamine, #substance #use #disorders (#SUD), #relapse, #substance #abuse, #craving, #lapse, #urine_test, #susceptibility.

کانال دکتر امیر محمد شهسوارانی

🍃🌹🌸💐🌸🌹🍃
@DrAmirMohammadShahsavarani


http://bipublication.com/ijabr715.html
♻️#انزوای #اجتماعی منجر به #تفکرات #منفی گرایانه، #خرافات و #توطئه اندیشی می شود.

The dark side of #meaning-making: How #social #exclusion leads to #superstitious thinking

در پژوهشی که به تازگی توسط روانشناسان دانشگاه پرینستن 🇺🇸 صورت گرفته است، مشخص شده است افرادی که انزوای اجتماعی را تجربه می کنند به احتمال بیشتری فریب #اطلاعات غلط، #اخبار #جعلی، #شایعه، و تفکرات مربوط به #توطئه را می خورند.
📚در این پژوهش که در محدوده زمانی انتخابات ریاست جمهوری ایالات متحده امریکا در این کشور صورت گرفت، مشخص شد احساس #یأس ناشی از انزوای اجتماعی می تواند منجر به این شود که افراد برای یافتن #معنای #زندگی به موضوعات خرافی، اخبار جعلی، تفکرات توطئه، پیشگویی ها و مسایلی #معجزه آسا دست یازند که غلط هستند.
🔍نتایج این پژوهش نشان دادند انزوای اجتماعی منجر به تایید عام باورهای توطئه اندیشانه و خرافی بین مردم می شود. بنظر می رسد تفکر خرافی و توطئه اندیشانه محصول مستقیم انزوای اجتماعی است. از دیدگاه این پژوهشگران برای مقابله با اندیشه توطئه و نیز تفکرات خرافی و کاهش اعتقاد مردم به موضوعات خرافی، لازم است فرایندهای #ادخال اجتماعی و #مشارکت فراگیر مردم در حوزه های مختلف #اجتماعی و #اقتصادی صورت گیرند.

Abstract
This paper tests a #meaning-making #model of #conspiratorial #thinking by considering how one's search for meaning mediates between #social #exclusion and the endorsement of #conspiratorial (Study 1) and #superstitious (Study 2) beliefs. In Study 1, participants first wrote about a #self-selected #personal event that involved a #social #interaction, they then indicated how socially excluded they felt after the event, and, finally, they rated their endorsement of three well-known #conspiracy #theories. In Study 2, participants were randomly assigned to a #Social #Inclusion, a Social Exclusion, or a Control condition, after which they indicated the association between improbable events in three scenarios. In addition, both studies #mechanistically tested the relation between social exclusion and #conspiratorial/superstitious thinking by measuring the participants' tendency to search for meaning. Both Study 1 (correlational) and Study 2 (experimental) offer support for the hypothesis that social exclusion is associated with superstitious/conspiratorial beliefs. One's search for meaning, correlational analyses revealed, mediated this relation. We discuss the implication of the findings for #community-wide #belief dynamics and we propose that social inclusion could be used to diminish the #dissemination of #superstitious #beliefs and conspiracy theories.

لینک منبع 👇🏻(further reading)👇🏻
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022103116304711

(در صورت جذابیت و علاقمندی به موضوع، مطلب را برای دیگران نیز بازنشر فرمایید).

📢کانال #دکترامیرمحمدشهسوارانی
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@DrAmirMohammadShahsavarani