new words
flaws - kamchiliklar
maturity - yetuklig

#essay9
Some people think that strict punishments for driving offenses are the key to reducing traffic accidents. Others, however, believe that other measures would be more effective in improving road safety. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.

Incidents involving traffic factors are undeniably tragic, thus, recently has a debate arisen surrounding the strictness of punishments applied to road regulation violators. In this essay shall I explore both of the perceptions beforehand coming to a conclusion.

On the one hand, many individuals contend that strict punishments might help to encourage people to drive more safely. The main argument of proponents of this viewpoint put forward is that penalties for drivers may act as a deterrent and reduce repeated offences. A clear example can be seen in Azerbaijan, the government have introduced tough penalties against high speed in order to diminish road collisions. Hence, this reform has decreased dramatically the number of car crashes in the country.

On the other hand, despite tough punishments mitigating traffic accidents, I claim that other precautions might play a vital role in developing road safety. One of the obvious reasons is that allocating more budget for road infrastructure improvements, such as better lighting or as much as road signs can reduce accidents. In other words, the more light the roads are, the safer they become. For instance, in Germany, there are greater lighted roads which contribute to safer driving conditions. Further justification is that implementing some advanced traffic management technologies might lead to reduced accidents. As an example, there are intelligent traffic lights and speed cameras which not only decrease the road collision rate but also improve the safer driving environment in Japan.

In conclusion, even though strict punishment prevents people from breaking road laws, I am of the opinion that better traffic infrastructure and using of technologies play a pivotal role in alleviating accidents.

new words
tragic - fojiali
violators qoidabuzarlar
contend davo qilmoq
proponents - tarafdor
deterrent - ogohlanturivchi jazo
repeated offences takroriy qoidabuzarliklar
road collisions -transport toqnashuvlari
car crash -avariya
precaution -ehtiyot choralari
road sign - yol belgiari
justification -asos oqlash
alleviate- yengillashtirmoq

main idea
strict punishments can reduce repeated offences and make people to drive safely
opposite arguments
1 more lighter and better road infrastructure lead to reduced road accidents.

#essay10
Some people believe that in the future, environmental problems will mean that we are unable to live on this planet. In order to survive, the human species will need to find another planet that can support life. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?

It is thought that life will not be possible in the near future because of the environmental crisis that humans have created, and in order to overcome the situation there are some people who believe that humanity should find another planet to survive. From my point of view, the possibilities of changing the Earth for others are insignificant due to all the challenges that we should face in order to succeed.

On the one hand, scientists have been considering the possibility of moving to another home; however, they found out the disadvantages outweigh the advantages. On the one hand, moving the global population to another place is just not possible with the actual resources for so many reasons such as the planet that could potentially be able to hold life is so far away that the displacement will take centuries as well as building an entire civilization from scratch. I believe that this alternative is quite far from being the chosen one because we do not have enough time or resources to make it viable.

On the other hand, the population has been claiming for years that there is no planet B, meaning that taking care of the Earth is the right and only choice humanity has. There is still time to make changes and improve the environmental problems, in order to make it authorities like governments and global organizations should implement new regulations and laws that punish the emission of pollutant gases and benefit the citizens who are doing it the way it should be. For instance, in the European Union, agreements have been made for awarding the countries that achieve a full system based on renewable energies. These little victories are reversing the crisis and giving hope to society. I think that using this methodology is going to improve this whole situation.

To summarize, while some people consider that environmental problems are not going to be solved in the near future and another place is going to be found for living; others are not so pessimistic and have decided to overcome the actual crisis. I strongly agree there is still hope and with the right measurements and decisions we could be living on the Earth for a few more centuries.

new words
from scratch- noldan
reversing- teskari
one because-- bitta sabab tufayli
methodology -uslubiyat

main idea
1 it is difficult to start live in another planet from scratch ( limited resource and more time is needed to build civilization
2 despite this this challenges can be solved by right measurement and decisions .

#essay11
Some people think that the increase in the number of obese people should be the responsibility of the governments, while other think it should be the responsibility of individuals. Discuss both sides and give your opinion

Obesity rates have been considerably increasing, and some people claim that it should be the government’s responsibility to address this issue, while others argue that it is a personal matter and should be handled individually. In my opinion, I strongly contend that it is a personal problem since they are the ones who take charge of their consumption.

The government can effectively establish a regulation to control the obese population by limiting fattening food that contains higher fat levels. This can be done by inspecting the ingredients of the meal, which will indirectly influence people’s consumption of fattening products as it can reduce the risk of obesity. For example, in South Korea, there is an implementation of a food labelling system that shows the number of fattening substances so that people become more aware of managing their weight. Therefore, the more controllable they are, the fewer the number of obese population would be.

On the other hand, individuals are suggested to implement a balanced diet because they know their bodies and daily meals more deeply. They can take a suitable approach to making losing-weight plans that will not harm them during the process as they can maintain and explore their own necessities independently. To exemplify, some people who get chronic diseases due to obesity will slowly realize it is their responsibility to maintain their health. As a result, they change their habits by having proper meals and healthy food choices.

To conclude, the government will certainly support people to overcome obesity by providing strict regulations that can encourage them to monitor their meals. Nevertheless, I consider that paying attention to one’s body would be a viable measure as the individual can solve the problems by oneself and find the most effective solution.

new words
take charge of -boshqarib olish
fattening food -semirtirdigon oyqat
fat levels - yog miqdori
inspect -tekshirmoq
food labelling system -ozi oyqat tizimi
fattening substance -semirturuvchi modda
obese population-semizlik dan aziyat chekayotgan aholi
losing-weight - vazn yoqotish
exemplify-misol bilan korsatmoq

main ideas
1 government can implement the regulations to manage fattening food.
however, people know their diet deeply and they can take effective solutions to handle. all in all people should do it by themselves as they can take charge of their consumption.

#essay11
Nowadays the way many people interact with each other has changed because of technology. In what ways has technology affected the types of relationships that people make? Has this been a positive or negative development?

In our modern time communications are influenced significantly by advancements in communication tools. I absolutely believe that the benefits outweigh the disadvantages.

Faster communication is the main advantage of new technologies. It means that in contrast to the old times people now can get in touch with their social circles in a matter of seconds. In the past, it took them days to send a letter by conventional post system. For instance, if they had wanted to notify their loved ones about sickness or a life issue it would have taken them a good deal of time before the message got to the destination. So, nowadays we can effectively send our feelings on time which helps us to be there for our family and friends whenever they need us.

Before the revolution in communication devices, it was generally impossible for people who lived abroad to work or supervise their business from there. But today working a job and even managing a company can be done even from our rooms at home wearing pyjamas. For example, during the COVID-19 pandemic technology came in handy and made it possible for many companies to continue their work allowing their staff to work at home. Without that, it might have led to economic corruption in big industries.

A minority may be concerned about the reduction in real physical connection between individuals which may lead to a rise in social solitude and psychosocial problems such as depression and social anxiety. However, this mindset should be refuted because although virtual relations may increase ,they are related to situations which were not possible in the past. In fact, studies show that social communication like family gatherings and participating in local events are still popular.

Overall, while there are concerns about dissociation in social manners ,it seems technology contributes to the expansion and availability of more social contact opportunities.

new words and collocations
get in touch- aloqaga chiqmoq
social circles — tanishlar muhiti
in a matter of seconds-bir necha soniya ichida
conventional post system- an'anviy pochat tizimi
supervise-nazorat qilmoq
came in handy- juda foydali boldi
A minority- oz chilik
social solitude- ichtimoiy yolgizlik
refuted -rad etish
dissociation - ajralish
social manners ijtimoiy ahloq.

main ideas 1faster communication
2 help people to run their businesses from home
3 disadvantage reduction in physical connection

childhood obesity