Civil Services year-wise Seats
CSE 2011.....910
CSE 2012....998
CSE 2013....1228
CSE 2014....1364
CSE 2015 .....1164
CSE 2016......1079
CSE 2017......980
CSE 2018......782
CSE 2019......896
CSE 2020......796
CSE 2021......712
CSE 2022.... 1011
CSE 2011.....910
CSE 2012....998
CSE 2013....1228
CSE 2014....1364
CSE 2015 .....1164
CSE 2016......1079
CSE 2017......980
CSE 2018......782
CSE 2019......896
CSE 2020......796
CSE 2021......712
CSE 2022.... 1011
QP-CSP-21-GeneralStudiesPaper-I-121021.pdf
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QP-CSP-21-GeneralStudiesPaper-I-121021.pdf
QP-CSP-21-GeneralStudiesPaper-II-121021.pdf
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QP-CSP-21-GeneralStudiesPaper-II-121021.pdf
Combined Test Series ( 1 to 12)_5533715 (1).pdf
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Combined Test Series ( 1 to 12)_5533715.pdf
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is the central bank of India and acts as the regulator of the country's monetary policy. It was established in 1935 under the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934. The RBI is headquartered in Mumbai and has branches across the country.
The RBI is responsible for maintaining price stability in the economy and ensuring that the financial system functions smoothly. It does this by setting the benchmark interest rates at which it lends to banks and other financial institutions, and by regulating the supply of money in the economy through various instruments such as open market operations and statutory liquidity ratio.
The RBI also plays a key role in the development of the country's financial sector, including by regulating and supervising banks and non-banking financial companies (NBFCs). It also serves as a lender of last resort to banks in times of financial crisis.
In addition to its monetary policy and regulatory functions, the RBI also performs a number of other functions, such as managing the country's foreign exchange reserves, issuing currency, and acting as a banker to the government.
The RBI is governed by a central board of directors, which is appointed by the government of India. The governor of the RBI is the chief executive of the bank and is responsible for implementing the policies of the central board. The current governor of the RBI is Shaktikanta Das.
The RBI is responsible for maintaining price stability in the economy and ensuring that the financial system functions smoothly. It does this by setting the benchmark interest rates at which it lends to banks and other financial institutions, and by regulating the supply of money in the economy through various instruments such as open market operations and statutory liquidity ratio.
The RBI also plays a key role in the development of the country's financial sector, including by regulating and supervising banks and non-banking financial companies (NBFCs). It also serves as a lender of last resort to banks in times of financial crisis.
In addition to its monetary policy and regulatory functions, the RBI also performs a number of other functions, such as managing the country's foreign exchange reserves, issuing currency, and acting as a banker to the government.
The RBI is governed by a central board of directors, which is appointed by the government of India. The governor of the RBI is the chief executive of the bank and is responsible for implementing the policies of the central board. The current governor of the RBI is Shaktikanta Das.
What is recession ??
A recession is a period of economic downturn, characterized by a decline in gross domestic product (GDP), employment, and trade. It is typically defined as two consecutive quarters of negative economic growth. During a recession, businesses may experience decreased sales and profits, and individuals may face job losses and reduced income.
Recessions can have a variety of causes, including financial crises, natural disasters, or shifts in global economic conditions. They can have significant impacts on individuals, businesses, and governments, leading to increased poverty and social unrest.
Governments and central banks may implement various measures to try to stimulate economic growth during a recession, such as lowering interest rates, increasing government spending, or implementing fiscal policies such as tax cuts. The effectiveness of these measures can vary depending on the specific circumstances of the recession and the country's economic conditions.
It is important to note that a recession is a normal part of the economic cycle and that economies typically recover from recessions over time. However, severe or prolonged recessions can have longer-term negative impacts on an economy and its citizens.
A recession is a period of economic downturn, characterized by a decline in gross domestic product (GDP), employment, and trade. It is typically defined as two consecutive quarters of negative economic growth. During a recession, businesses may experience decreased sales and profits, and individuals may face job losses and reduced income.
Recessions can have a variety of causes, including financial crises, natural disasters, or shifts in global economic conditions. They can have significant impacts on individuals, businesses, and governments, leading to increased poverty and social unrest.
Governments and central banks may implement various measures to try to stimulate economic growth during a recession, such as lowering interest rates, increasing government spending, or implementing fiscal policies such as tax cuts. The effectiveness of these measures can vary depending on the specific circumstances of the recession and the country's economic conditions.
It is important to note that a recession is a normal part of the economic cycle and that economies typically recover from recessions over time. However, severe or prolonged recessions can have longer-term negative impacts on an economy and its citizens.
- Polity and Governance: This topic covers the constitutional and legal developments, parliamentary and judicial affairs, elections and electoral reforms, federalism and centre-state relations, local governance and Panchayati Raj, etc. Some of the important issues in this topic are:
- The Citizenship Amendment Act and the National Register of Citizens
- The Supreme Court verdict on the Ayodhya dispute
- The abrogation of Article 370 and the bifurcation of Jammu and Kashmir
- The implementation of the National Education Policy 2020
- The debate on the Uniform Civil Code and the Personal Data Protection Bill
- The protests and violence in various parts of the country over various issues
- International Relations: This topic covers the foreign policy and diplomacy of India, the bilateral and multilateral relations with other countries and regions, the global and regional organizations and forums, the international treaties and agreements, the security and defence cooperation, the trade and economic cooperation, the cultural and people-to-people exchanges, etc. Some of the important issues in this topic are:
- The COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on the world
- The India-China border standoff and the Quad initiative
- The India-US strategic partnership and the 2+2 dialogue
- The India-Russia relations and the S-400 deal
- The India-France relations and the Rafale deal
- The India-Afghanistan relations and the peace process
- The India-Pakistan relations and the Kartarpur corridor
- The India-Iran relations and the Chabahar port
- The India-Africa relations and the India-Africa Forum Summit
- The India-ASEAN relations and the RCEP agreement
- The India-EU relations and the Brexit issue
- The India-UK relations and the Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting
- The India-Australia relations and the AUSINDEX naval exercise
- The India-Japan relations and the bullet train project
- The India-Israel relations and the space cooperation
- The India-Saudi Arabia relations and the Strategic Partnership Council
- The India-UAE relations and the Barakah nuclear power plant
- The India-Brazil relations and the BRICS summit
- The India-South Korea relations and the Make in India initiative
- The India-Nepal relations and the Kalapani dispute
- The India-Bangladesh relations and the Teesta water sharing issue
- The India-Sri Lanka relations and the Colombo port project
- The India-Maldives relations and the defence cooperation
- The India-Bhutan relations and the hydropower projects
- The India-Myanmar relations and the Kaladan project
- Economy and Social Development: This topic covers the macroeconomic indicators, the fiscal and monetary policies, the budget and economic survey, the taxation and subsidy reforms, the banking and financial sector, the infrastructure and urban development, the agriculture and rural development, the industry and services sector, the trade and commerce, the employment and skill development, the poverty and inequality, the social welfare and social security schemes, the health and education, the environment and ecology, the science and technology, the innovation and entrepreneurship, etc. Some of the important issues in this topic are:
- The economic slowdown and the stimulus packages
- The GST and the direct tax reforms
- The disinvestment and privatization of PSUs
- The merger and recapitalization of public sector banks
- The Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code and the NCLT
- The Citizenship Amendment Act and the National Register of Citizens
- The Supreme Court verdict on the Ayodhya dispute
- The abrogation of Article 370 and the bifurcation of Jammu and Kashmir
- The implementation of the National Education Policy 2020
- The debate on the Uniform Civil Code and the Personal Data Protection Bill
- The protests and violence in various parts of the country over various issues
- International Relations: This topic covers the foreign policy and diplomacy of India, the bilateral and multilateral relations with other countries and regions, the global and regional organizations and forums, the international treaties and agreements, the security and defence cooperation, the trade and economic cooperation, the cultural and people-to-people exchanges, etc. Some of the important issues in this topic are:
- The COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on the world
- The India-China border standoff and the Quad initiative
- The India-US strategic partnership and the 2+2 dialogue
- The India-Russia relations and the S-400 deal
- The India-France relations and the Rafale deal
- The India-Afghanistan relations and the peace process
- The India-Pakistan relations and the Kartarpur corridor
- The India-Iran relations and the Chabahar port
- The India-Africa relations and the India-Africa Forum Summit
- The India-ASEAN relations and the RCEP agreement
- The India-EU relations and the Brexit issue
- The India-UK relations and the Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting
- The India-Australia relations and the AUSINDEX naval exercise
- The India-Japan relations and the bullet train project
- The India-Israel relations and the space cooperation
- The India-Saudi Arabia relations and the Strategic Partnership Council
- The India-UAE relations and the Barakah nuclear power plant
- The India-Brazil relations and the BRICS summit
- The India-South Korea relations and the Make in India initiative
- The India-Nepal relations and the Kalapani dispute
- The India-Bangladesh relations and the Teesta water sharing issue
- The India-Sri Lanka relations and the Colombo port project
- The India-Maldives relations and the defence cooperation
- The India-Bhutan relations and the hydropower projects
- The India-Myanmar relations and the Kaladan project
- Economy and Social Development: This topic covers the macroeconomic indicators, the fiscal and monetary policies, the budget and economic survey, the taxation and subsidy reforms, the banking and financial sector, the infrastructure and urban development, the agriculture and rural development, the industry and services sector, the trade and commerce, the employment and skill development, the poverty and inequality, the social welfare and social security schemes, the health and education, the environment and ecology, the science and technology, the innovation and entrepreneurship, etc. Some of the important issues in this topic are:
- The economic slowdown and the stimulus packages
- The GST and the direct tax reforms
- The disinvestment and privatization of PSUs
- The merger and recapitalization of public sector banks
- The Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code and the NCLT
NITI Aayog is the SDG India Index and Dashboard 2020–21⁵, which was released on June 3, 2021⁵. This report measures the progress of states and union territories (UTs) on the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) adopted by the United Nations⁵. The report covers 115 indicators across all goals and ranks the states and UTs based on their composite scores⁵.
The report shows that Kerala retained its top rank with a score of 75, followed by Himachal Pradesh and Tamil Nadu with scores of 74 each⁵. The biggest improvement was shown by Uttar Pradesh, which increased its score by 10 points from 2019 to 2020⁵. The report also highlights the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the SDGs and the need for a resilient and inclusive recovery⁵.
Some of the key findings and recommendations of the report are:
- India's overall score improved from 60 in 2019 to 66 in 2020, indicating a positive trend towards achieving the SDGs⁵.
- The country performed well on goals such as affordable and clean energy, industry, innovation and infrastructure, and reduced inequalities, but lagged behind on goals such as zero hunger, good health and well-being, and gender equality⁵.
- The report suggests that states and UTs should focus on improving data quality and availability, strengthening institutional mechanisms, enhancing multi-stakeholder partnerships, and adopting best practices from other states and UTs⁵.
The report shows that Kerala retained its top rank with a score of 75, followed by Himachal Pradesh and Tamil Nadu with scores of 74 each⁵. The biggest improvement was shown by Uttar Pradesh, which increased its score by 10 points from 2019 to 2020⁵. The report also highlights the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the SDGs and the need for a resilient and inclusive recovery⁵.
Some of the key findings and recommendations of the report are:
- India's overall score improved from 60 in 2019 to 66 in 2020, indicating a positive trend towards achieving the SDGs⁵.
- The country performed well on goals such as affordable and clean energy, industry, innovation and infrastructure, and reduced inequalities, but lagged behind on goals such as zero hunger, good health and well-being, and gender equality⁵.
- The report suggests that states and UTs should focus on improving data quality and availability, strengthening institutional mechanisms, enhancing multi-stakeholder partnerships, and adopting best practices from other states and UTs⁵.