■ TUNDRA or POLAR or ARCTIC CLIMATE.
□ DISTRIBUTION.
◇ Found in regions North of Arctic circle and south of Antarctic circle.
◇ Ice - caps are confined to highlands and high latitudes regions of Greenland and Antarctica.
□ CLIMATE.
◇ Temperature.
• Climate characterized by very low mean annual temperature.
• In mid - winter temperature are as low as 40 - 50° below freezing.
• Normally not more than four months have temperature above freezing point
◇ Precipitation.
• Precipitation is mainly in the form of snow and sleet.
• Conventional rainfall is generally absent.
□ NATURAL VEGETATION.
◇ No trees in Tundra.
◇ Lowest form of vegetation like mosses, lichens are found here and there.
◇ Climatic conditions along coastal lowlands are little favourable.
◇ In the breif summer, berry - bearing bushes and Arctic flowers bloom.
▪︎SOURCE - G.C. LEONG.📕
▪︎ https://t.me/upsc_geography_notes
□ DISTRIBUTION.
◇ Found in regions North of Arctic circle and south of Antarctic circle.
◇ Ice - caps are confined to highlands and high latitudes regions of Greenland and Antarctica.
□ CLIMATE.
◇ Temperature.
• Climate characterized by very low mean annual temperature.
• In mid - winter temperature are as low as 40 - 50° below freezing.
• Normally not more than four months have temperature above freezing point
◇ Precipitation.
• Precipitation is mainly in the form of snow and sleet.
• Conventional rainfall is generally absent.
□ NATURAL VEGETATION.
◇ No trees in Tundra.
◇ Lowest form of vegetation like mosses, lichens are found here and there.
◇ Climatic conditions along coastal lowlands are little favourable.
◇ In the breif summer, berry - bearing bushes and Arctic flowers bloom.
▪︎SOURCE - G.C. LEONG.📕
▪︎ https://t.me/upsc_geography_notes
As many people voted for Indian geo so i will start
Lakes of India from tomorrow.
Will cover all the lakes with their map location.
So keep learning and don't ever leave the channel.
Lakes of India from tomorrow.
Will cover all the lakes with their map location.
So keep learning and don't ever leave the channel.
■ ASHTAMUDI LAKE.
◇ Ashtamudi Lake or Ashtamudi Kayal , is in the Kollam District of Kerala.
◇ It possesses a unique wetland ecosystem and a large palm-shaped water body.
◇ Ashtamudi means ‘eight braids’ in the local Malayalam language.
◇ The name is indicative of the lake’s topography with its multiple branches.
◇ The lake is also called the gateway to the backwaters of Kerala and is well known for its houseboat and backwater resorts.
◇ Ashtamudi Wetland was included in the list of wetlands of international importance, as defined by the Ramsar Convention for the conservation and sustainable utilization of wetlands.
▪︎ https://t.me/upsc_geography_notes_optional
◇ Ashtamudi Lake or Ashtamudi Kayal , is in the Kollam District of Kerala.
◇ It possesses a unique wetland ecosystem and a large palm-shaped water body.
◇ Ashtamudi means ‘eight braids’ in the local Malayalam language.
◇ The name is indicative of the lake’s topography with its multiple branches.
◇ The lake is also called the gateway to the backwaters of Kerala and is well known for its houseboat and backwater resorts.
◇ Ashtamudi Wetland was included in the list of wetlands of international importance, as defined by the Ramsar Convention for the conservation and sustainable utilization of wetlands.
▪︎ https://t.me/upsc_geography_notes_optional
■ BHIMTAL LAKE.
◇ Bhimtal Lake is a lake in the town of Bhimtal, in the Indian state of Uttarakhand.
◇ It is the largest lake in Kumaon region, known as the "lake district of India"
◇ According to geologists the origin of the lake is attributed to a number of faults which occurred due to shifting of the earth's crust.
◇ It is 22.5 kilometers (14.0 mi) away from the district town of Nainital.
▪︎https://t.me/upsc_geography_notes
◇ Bhimtal Lake is a lake in the town of Bhimtal, in the Indian state of Uttarakhand.
◇ It is the largest lake in Kumaon region, known as the "lake district of India"
◇ According to geologists the origin of the lake is attributed to a number of faults which occurred due to shifting of the earth's crust.
◇ It is 22.5 kilometers (14.0 mi) away from the district town of Nainital.
▪︎https://t.me/upsc_geography_notes
■ BHOJ TAL.
◇ Bhojtal, formerly known as Upper Lake, is a large lake which lies on the western side of the capital city of Madhya Pradesh, Bhopal, India.
◇ It is a major source of drinking water for the residents of the city, serving around 40% of the residents with nearly 30 million imperial gallons (140,000 m3) of water per day.
◇ Bada talaab, along with the nearby Chhota Talaab, meaning small lake in Hindi, constitute Bhoj Wetland, which is now a Ramsar site.
▪︎https://t.me/upsc_geography_notes
◇ Bhojtal, formerly known as Upper Lake, is a large lake which lies on the western side of the capital city of Madhya Pradesh, Bhopal, India.
◇ It is a major source of drinking water for the residents of the city, serving around 40% of the residents with nearly 30 million imperial gallons (140,000 m3) of water per day.
◇ Bada talaab, along with the nearby Chhota Talaab, meaning small lake in Hindi, constitute Bhoj Wetland, which is now a Ramsar site.
▪︎https://t.me/upsc_geography_notes
■ CHANDRA TAL.
◇ Tso Chikgma or Chandra Taal (meaning the Lake of the Moon), or Chandra Tal is a lake in the Lahaul part of the Lahul and Spiti district of Himachal Pradesh.
◇ Chandra Taal is near the source of the Chandra River.
◇ Despite the rugged and inhospitable surroundings, it is in a protected niche with some flowers and wildlife in summer.
◇ It is a favourite spot for tourists and high-altitude trekkers.
◇ It is usually associated with Spiti, but geographically is a part of Lahaul.
◇ Kunzum La separates Lahaul and Spiti valleys.
▪︎https://t.me/upsc_geography_notes
◇ Tso Chikgma or Chandra Taal (meaning the Lake of the Moon), or Chandra Tal is a lake in the Lahaul part of the Lahul and Spiti district of Himachal Pradesh.
◇ Chandra Taal is near the source of the Chandra River.
◇ Despite the rugged and inhospitable surroundings, it is in a protected niche with some flowers and wildlife in summer.
◇ It is a favourite spot for tourists and high-altitude trekkers.
◇ It is usually associated with Spiti, but geographically is a part of Lahaul.
◇ Kunzum La separates Lahaul and Spiti valleys.
▪︎https://t.me/upsc_geography_notes
■ CHEMBARAKKAM LAKE.
◇ Chembarambakkam lake is a lake located in Chennai, Tamil Nadu. about 25 km from Chennai.
◇ It is one of the two rain-fed reservoirs from where water is drawn for supply to Chennai City, the other one being the Puzhal Lake.
◇ The Adyar River originates from this lake. A part of water supply of the metropolis of Chennai is drawn from this lake.
◇ This was the first Artificial lake built by Rajendra Chola I the son of Rajaraja Chola and Thiripuvana Madeviyar, prince of Kodumbalur.
▪︎https://t.me/upsc_geography_notes
◇ Chembarambakkam lake is a lake located in Chennai, Tamil Nadu. about 25 km from Chennai.
◇ It is one of the two rain-fed reservoirs from where water is drawn for supply to Chennai City, the other one being the Puzhal Lake.
◇ The Adyar River originates from this lake. A part of water supply of the metropolis of Chennai is drawn from this lake.
◇ This was the first Artificial lake built by Rajendra Chola I the son of Rajaraja Chola and Thiripuvana Madeviyar, prince of Kodumbalur.
▪︎https://t.me/upsc_geography_notes
■ CHILIKA LAKE.
◇ Chilika lake is brackish water lagoon, spread over the puri, khurda and Ganjam districts of Odisha state on east coast of India, at the mouth of Daya river, flowing into the bay of bengal, covering an area of over 1,100km.
◇ It is the largest coastal lagoon in India and the largest brackish water lagoon in the world after The New Caledonian barrier reef.
◇ It has been listed as a tentative UNESCO World Heritage site.
▪︎https://t.me/upsc_geography_notes
◇ Chilika lake is brackish water lagoon, spread over the puri, khurda and Ganjam districts of Odisha state on east coast of India, at the mouth of Daya river, flowing into the bay of bengal, covering an area of over 1,100km.
◇ It is the largest coastal lagoon in India and the largest brackish water lagoon in the world after The New Caledonian barrier reef.
◇ It has been listed as a tentative UNESCO World Heritage site.
▪︎https://t.me/upsc_geography_notes
■ DHEBHAR LAKE.
◇ Dhebar Lake (also known as Jaisamand Lake) is India's first and world's second oldest historical and largest artificial sweet water lake.
◇ It is located in the Udaipur District of Rajasthan State in western India.
◇ It is about 45.0 km from the district headquarters of Udaipur. When first built, it was the largest artificial lake in the world.
◇ The surrounding Jaisamand Wildlife Sanctuary around Dhebar Lake can be reached by the state highway to Banswara from Udaipur.
◇ It is about 17.0 km from Salumbar.
◇ Jaisamand Wildlife Sanctuary protects about 162.0 square kilometres, mostly teak forest, on the shores of Dhebar Lake.
◇ The lake has three islands measuring from 10 to 40 acres each.
◇ The Dhebar Lake Marble Dam is 300.0 m (984.3 ft) long and is a part of the "Heritage Monuments of India".
▪︎https://t.me/upsc_geography_notes
◇ Dhebar Lake (also known as Jaisamand Lake) is India's first and world's second oldest historical and largest artificial sweet water lake.
◇ It is located in the Udaipur District of Rajasthan State in western India.
◇ It is about 45.0 km from the district headquarters of Udaipur. When first built, it was the largest artificial lake in the world.
◇ The surrounding Jaisamand Wildlife Sanctuary around Dhebar Lake can be reached by the state highway to Banswara from Udaipur.
◇ It is about 17.0 km from Salumbar.
◇ Jaisamand Wildlife Sanctuary protects about 162.0 square kilometres, mostly teak forest, on the shores of Dhebar Lake.
◇ The lake has three islands measuring from 10 to 40 acres each.
◇ The Dhebar Lake Marble Dam is 300.0 m (984.3 ft) long and is a part of the "Heritage Monuments of India".
▪︎https://t.me/upsc_geography_notes
■ DAL LAKE
◇ Dal is a lake in Srinagar, the capital of the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir. Dal Lake is a misnomer as Dal in Kashmiri means lake.
◇ It is integral to tourism and recreation in Kashmir and is named the “Jewel in the crown of Kashmir” or “Srinagar’s Jewel”.
◇ It is also an important source for commercial operations in fishing and water plant harvesting.
◇ It covers an area of 18 square kilometres and is part of a natural wetland including its floating gardens.
◇ The floating gardens, known as “Raad” in Kashmiri, blossom with lotus flowers during July and August.
◇ The wetland is divided by causeways into four basins; Gagribal, Lokut Dal, Bod Dal and Nagin. Lokut-dal and Bod-dal each have an island in the centre, known as Rup Lank (or Char Chinari) and Sona Lank respectively.
◇ The houseboats (Shikaras) are closely associated with Dal Lake which provide accommodation to tourists in Srinagar.
▪︎https://t.me/upsc_geography_notes_optional
◇ Dal is a lake in Srinagar, the capital of the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir. Dal Lake is a misnomer as Dal in Kashmiri means lake.
◇ It is integral to tourism and recreation in Kashmir and is named the “Jewel in the crown of Kashmir” or “Srinagar’s Jewel”.
◇ It is also an important source for commercial operations in fishing and water plant harvesting.
◇ It covers an area of 18 square kilometres and is part of a natural wetland including its floating gardens.
◇ The floating gardens, known as “Raad” in Kashmiri, blossom with lotus flowers during July and August.
◇ The wetland is divided by causeways into four basins; Gagribal, Lokut Dal, Bod Dal and Nagin. Lokut-dal and Bod-dal each have an island in the centre, known as Rup Lank (or Char Chinari) and Sona Lank respectively.
◇ The houseboats (Shikaras) are closely associated with Dal Lake which provide accommodation to tourists in Srinagar.
▪︎https://t.me/upsc_geography_notes_optional