37. A patient accelerates forward in a car. Which structure is primarily responsible for detecting this type of motion?
Anonymous Quiz
0%
a. Semicircular canals
100%
b. Macula of the utricle
0%
c. Crista ampullaris
0%
d. Organ of Corti
38. Which pairing is CORRECT?
Anonymous Quiz
0%
a. Hippocampus - fear expression
0%
b. Amygdala - memory consolidation
100%
c. Amygdala - fear and aggression
0%
d. Ventromedial hypothalamus - memory formation
39. The putamen circuit is most directly involved in:
Anonymous Quiz
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a. Planning motor activity only
100%
b. Converting motor plan into actual movement
0%
c. Sensory integration of visual stimuli
0%
d. Regulation of autonomic functions
40. During voluntary contraction of the biceps, which mechanism prevents the muscle spindle from becoming slack?
Anonymous Quiz
100%
a. Reciprocal inhibition of antagonists
0%
b. Activation of Golgi tendon organs
0%
c. Alpha-gamma co-activation
0%
d. Inhibition of Renshaw cells
41. A 40-year-old man undergoes neurosurgery. Postoperatively, he develops increased intracranial pressure due to excessive
CSF production. Which of the following agents would most likely be used to treat this complication?
CSF production. Which of the following agents would most likely be used to treat this complication?
Anonymous Quiz
0%
a. Pilocarpine
0%
b. Hypertonic saline
100%
c. Dopamine
0%
d. Mannitol
42. A stab wound damages the right half of the spinal cord at T10. Which deficit is expected below the lesion?
Anonymous Quiz
100%
a. Loss of pain and temperature on the right side
0%
b. Loss of vibration on the left side
0%
c. UMN signs on the right side
0%
d. LMN signs on the left side
43. Which of the following features distinguishes glucose transport into neurons compared into muscle cells?
Anonymous Quiz
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a. Neurons require insulin for glucose uptake
0%
b. Neurons use facilitated diffusion independent of insulin
100%
c. Neurons store large amounts of glycogen for glucose metabolism
0%
d. Neurons metabolize glucose only under anaerobic conditions
44. Which of the following best differentiates Wernicke's aphasia from Broca's aphasia?
Anonymous Quiz
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a. Wernicke's aphasia involves impaired comprehension with fluent but nonsensical speech,
0%
while Broca's aphasia involves non-fluent, effortful speech with preserved comprehension تابع A
100%
b. Wernicke's aphasia involves paralysis of speech muscles, while Broca's aphasia does not
0%
c. Wernicke's aphasia is caused by cerebellar lesions, while Broca's aphasia is caused by
0%
basal ganglia lesionsتابع C
0%
d. Wernicke's aphasia affects motor output, while Broca's aphasia affects sensory input
45. A 40-year-old man presents with hyperthermia after a hypothalamic stroke. Which nucleus is most likely damaged?
Anonymous Quiz
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a. Posterior hypothalamic nucleus
0%
b. Anterior hypothalamic nucleus
100%
c. Suprachiasmatic nucleus
0%
d. Ventromedial nucleus
46. At a low concentration of taste substance, which cranial nerve is correctly associated with taste sensation on the tongue?
Anonymous Quiz
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a. Facial nerve – Sweet taste
0%
b. Facial nerve – Bitter taste
0%
c. Glossopharyngeal nerve – Sweet taste
100%
d. Both a and b
47. Which structure is associated with the olfactory reflexes?
Anonymous Quiz
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a. Lateral olfactory stria
0%
b. Intermediate olfactory stria
0%
c. Medial olfactory stria
100%
d. Olfactory bulb
48. Auditory information is relayed through which thalamic nucleus?
Anonymous Quiz
0%
a. Dorsomedial
100%
b. Medial geniculate
0%
c. Lateral geniculate
0%
d. Ventral posterolateral
49. Which event causes the auditory system to interpret a sound as loud?
Anonymous Quiz
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a. A decreased number of inner hair cells becomes stimulated
0%
b. A decreased number of outer hair cells becomes stimulated
100%
c. The amplitude of vibration of the basilar membrane decreases
0%
d. The amplitude of vibration of the basilar membrane increases
50. A 6-year-old boy has hearing loss due to a middle ear infection involving the ossicles. What is their primary function?
Anonymous Quiz
0%
a. Amplifying sounds
100%
b. Enhancing frequency discrimination
0%
c. Filtering high-frequency sounds
0%
d. Protecting the ear from loud sounds
51. Which of the following best describes the electrical response of rods in the retina to photopic conditions?
Anonymous Quiz
0%
a. Action potential
0%
b. Capacitive discharge
100%
c. Depolarization
0%
d. Hyperpolarization
52. Ganglion cells attached to rods or cones located on the nasal portion of each retina terminate (or synapse) in which of the
following structures?
following structures?
Anonymous Quiz
100%
a. Contralateral lateral geniculate nucleus
0%
b. Contralateral visual cortex
0%
c. Ipsilateral lateral geniculate nucleus
0%
d. Ipsilateral visual cortex
53. Regarding the near point, one of the following statements is CORRECT:
Anonymous Quiz
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a. In emmetropia, the near point is farther than normal
0%
b. The near point is the nearest distance at which an object can be seen clearly with zero
0%
accommodation تابع b
50%
c. The near point is the nearest distance at which an object can be seen clearly with the ciliary
0%
muscles completely relaxed تابع c
50%
d. As a person gets older, the near point moves farther away
54. Regarding tears (lacrimal fluid), one of the following statements is INCORRECT:
Anonymous Quiz
0%
a. Tears have a slightly alkaline pH of approximately 7.4
67%
b. Tears are hypertonic relative to plasma to help draw fluid out of the corneal tissue
33%
c. Tears contain a lysosomal enzyme that provides an antibacterial effect
0%
d. A key function of tears is to keep the cornea moistened for clear vision
55. Which of the following is the primary mechanism for depth perception, responsible for the determination of the distance
of an object from the eye?
of an object from the eye?
Anonymous Quiz
0%
a. Monocular vision
0%
b. The location of an image on the retina
50%
c. Stereoscopic vision (stereopsis)
50%
d. The relative size of the retinal image