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All about Caliber of Bullets

❗Caliber in plain words

✓“The nominal bore diameter of a weapon a.k.a it’s internal diameter is referred to as caliber. It is measured in millimeters or inches. The phrase also refers to a bullet’s diameter.”

•The numbers referring to the caliber have something to do with the weapon’s size. When a number is discussed in relation to bullets, the number being referred to is the “caliber” of the bullet.

•The caliber is a unit of measurement used to describe the size of a bullet. The diameter of the bullet is specifically mentioned. The caliber of a bullet is the measurement of the diameter of the slug (or projectile) element of the bullet cartridge.

❗The Tricky Math of Caliber

✓Caliber designations may give you a headache even if you are a math nerd, because the numbers are rarely accurate measures. For example, both the.38 Special and the.357 Magnum are 38 caliber, but the bullet diameter is 357 thousandths of an inch.

✓And if you think that’s perplexing, wait till you hear the following fact. The diameter of a 9mm bullet is the same as that of.380 ACP and.38 Special ammo. Each of these cartridges launches a projectile with a diameter of.355 inches.

✓The difference between each round is determined by the powder charges and cartridge length, not the projectile size.

❗Conversion of Caliber to Millimeters

•Understanding how inches compare to millimeters is important since caliber is normally measured in inches. You may also convert caliber to millimeters and vice versa with this tool. Consider this a beginner’s guide to weapons math.

•Each centimeter is readily split into 10 equal pieces if you look at a common grade school ruler. Each of these little hash marks is one millimeter long. When you compare the centimeter and inch sides of the ruler, you’ll notice that one inch equals 2.54 cm. (This was not anything I saw with my naked sight.) I took use of my arithmetic superpowers and cheated.)

•Multiply the measurement in inches by 25.4 to convert caliber to millimeters. To convert millimeters to inches, multiply the diameter in millimeters by 25.4 to find the caliber of the bullet.

❗How to calculate the caliber of a firearm?

✓Checking the barrel or chamber of a weapon is the simplest and fastest technique to identify its caliber. The caliber of the rifle is usually printed right there on the firearm. The imprinted writing on vintage rifles might be difficult to read.

✓If you can’t read the caliber stamp and don’t know the firearm’s model, you’ll have to take some extra time to measure the caliber yourself.

✓A rifled barrel’s caliber is usually determined in one of two methods. (These rules do include some exceptions, as they usually do.)

✓By calculating the distance between the rifling’s high points (sometimes referred to as “lands”). The caliber of most cartridges designed outside of the United States is determined by land measures.

✓By determining the opposing low spots in the rifling grooves. Groove measures are, by definition, bigger than land measurements. Groove measures are used by the majority of cartridges from the United States.

❗❗Caliber vs Gauge

•The gauge is a measurement of a shotgun barrel’s internal diameter, whereas caliber refers to the diameter of rifle and handgun projectiles. A.410, on the other hand, is the caliber of a tiny shotgun that is never referred to as a 6712-gauge.

•Before accurate instruments were enabled for exact measuring, gauges were established hundreds of years ago.

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All about Caliber of Bullets

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#INTWERVIEW_QUESTION #Personal_Interview

Today we are going to provide you with a list of questions on International Affairs that might be asked by your SSB interviewer:

1.What does the Coup in Myanmar mean for India ?

2.How can India strengthen it's position at the UNSC ?

3.Do we need a new International Governing Body in the place of UNO?

4.How can India counter China in the Indo-Pacific region ?

5.How should India balance it's ties with USA and Russia ?

6.How should India counter the increasing influence of China in Bangladesh and Nepal ?

7.What is Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) ?

8.Which countries are fighting over the waters of Nile ?

9.How can India improve its relationship with its neighbouring nations?

10.What is the significance of QUAD ?

11.Has the SAARC finished? How can India revive this dormant regional organization ?

12.What role can India play in the overall stability of the Middle East region especially in the region of Afganistan ?

13.What do you understand by "friendly nations" in the context of International relations ?

14.This year Bangladesh Army Contingent participated in the Republic day parade, why ? What it signals for the future of India-Bangladesh relations ?

15.Is it ever possible to befriend Pakistan ? If yes then how ?

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#Current_Affairs

03-05-22, current affairs

Important for upcoming defence exams.

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Spacecraft Launched by ISRO in 2021

In the year 2021, ISRO launched a total of two spacecrafts as mentioned below:

1- UNITYsat
2- Satish Dhawan SAT (SDSAT)

1- UNITYsat: On 28 February 2021, UNITYsat was successfully launched from PSLV-C51/Amazonia-1 launch vehicle. It is a student satellite and was jointly developed by Jeppiaar Institute of Technology, Sriperumbudur (JITsat), G.H.Raisoni College of Engineering, Nagpur (GHRCEsat) and Sri Shakti Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore (Sri Shakthi Sat). 

2- Satish Dhawan SAT (SDSAT): On 28 February 2021, Satish Dhawan SAT (SDSAT) was successfully launched from PSLV-C51/Amazonia-1 launch vehicle. It is a student satellite built by Space Kidz India. 

▪️Details about ISRO
https://t.me/ssbgeneraldiscussion/1707

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Spacecraft Launched by ISRO in 2020

In the year 2020, ISRO launched a total of three spacecraft as mentioned below:

1- GSAT-30
2- EOS-01
3- CMS-01

1- GSAT-30: On 17 January 2020, GSAT-30 was successfully launched into a Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit (GTO) from Kourou launch base, French Guiana by Ariane-5 VA-251 launch vehicle. It is India's telecommunication satellite and was launched to replace INSAT-4A spacecraft services with enhanced coverage. 

2- EOS-01: On 7 November 2020, EOS-01 was successfully launched into a Low Earth Orbit (LEO) from Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SDSC) SHAR, Sriharikota by PSLV-C49/EOS-01 launch vehicle. It is India's earth observation satellite and is launched for applications in agriculture, forestry and disaster management support.

3- CMS-01: On 17 December 2020, CMS-01 was successfully launched into a  Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit (GTO) from Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SDSC) SHAR, Sriharikota by PSLV-C50/CMS-01 launch vehicle. It is India's communication satellite envisaged for providing services in the Extended-C Band of the frequency spectrum which includes the Indian mainland, Andaman-Nicobar & Lakshadweep Islands. It is India's 42nd Communication Satellite. 

▪️How many patents have been received by ISRO in 2020?

1- On May 18, 2020, ISRO received the patent for Made in India 'Moon Soil' as part of Chandrayaan-2 mission. The inventors are-- I. Venugopal, S.A. Kannan, Shamrao, V. Chandra Babu, S. Anbazhagan, S. Arivazhagan, C.R. Paramasivam, M. Chinnamuthu and K. Muthukkumaran. 2- On June 19, 2020, ISRO received another patent for LCHG (Liquid Cooling and Heating Garment) to remove sweat in Space flights. The inventors are-- Srirangam Siripothu, Saraswathi Kesava Pillai Manu, Reshmi Balachandran and Gurumurthy Chandrasekaran.

▪️How many Spacecraft have been launched by ISRO in 2020?

In 2020, ISRO launched a total of three spacecraft as mentioned below: 1- GSAT-30 2- EOS-01 3- CMS-01

▪️Who is the current Chairman of ISRO?

Dr. S. Somanath is the Chairman of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO).

▪️What is ISRO?

The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is India's Space Agency headquartered in Bengaluru, Karnataka. It was established on August 15, 1969, by Vikram Sarabhai.

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Sample of Ssb interview ACC candidate

#Current_Affairs

04-05-22, current affairs

Important for upcoming defence exams.

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#DAILY_PRACTICE #WAT_SET

1.Believe
2.Moment
3.Withdraw
4.Soul
5.Sense
6.Debate
7.Leak
8.Public
9.Desire
10.Press
11.Tsunami
12.Present
13.Command
14.Behaviour
15.Dirty

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#DAILY_PRACTICE #SRT_SET

1.Some people are climbing the mountain but one of them loses the grip on the rope and falls down.He....

2.He has gone to the coastal area with a group of friends for sightseeing. Suddenly the storm starts approaching. The tide is rising.He....

3.He is working in an organisation and one of his close friends, in the same office is being harassed by his boss.He...

4.His final degree exam is starting tomorrow and he also got a job call tomorrow. He is in great need of a job.He...

5.He has arranged a party in his lawn and suddenly it has started raining very heavily. He has a large number of guests, who have already arrived.He....

6.In a party thrown by him on his promotion his boss gets annoyed due to the sarcastic remarks of his elder brother and he leaves the party without taking meals.He....

7.While going to college, he finds that a cyclist has been knocked down by a fast moving car and could not note down the number of the car.He.....

8. In the marriage of his friend, his friend and his father got annoyed due to the non-receipt of dowry. They both went away even after a lot of requests by all including the bride and her father. Bride has become unconscious.He....

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#DAILY_PRACTICE
#TAT_SET507

Important TAT image for all Entries.
Try to write within the prescribed time i.e. 4 minutes.
Be honest with your preparation and attempt this image and write a desirable story.

(For better practice,Write the story on A4 paper within the prescribed time.)

Healthy and constructive reviews are welcome.

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#Defence_Exams_Notes #Defence_News #Defence_equipment

Indian Missile Technology and Specifications Of Missiles

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Combat Tanks of Indian Army {1/2}

Role of MBT
◆The main battle tank fulfils the role the British had once called the "universal tank", filling almost all battlefield roles.  
◆Reconnaissance by MBTs is performed in high-intensity conflicts where reconnaissance by light vehicles would be insufficient due to the necessity to "fight" for information.
◆In asymmetric warfare, main battle tanks are deployed in small, highly concentrated units. MBTs fire only at targets at close range and instead rely on external support such as unmanned aircraft for long-range combat.
◆The MBT has a positive morale effect on the infantry it accompanies. It also instils fear in the opposing force who can often hear and even feel their arrival.

MBT’s of India
●India and Pakistan have also used these tanks in wars of 1965 and 1971. Indian Army has approximately 3,250 battle tanks as compared to 2,496 tanks of the Pakistan Army.

Arjun MBT (Main Battle Tank)

1. MK 1 
•Third Generation Tank developed by DRDO.
•Origin: India
•Quantity: 124
•Arjun MK 1 is in service.
•It has a 120 mm main gun with armour-piercing fin-stabilized discarding ammunition.
•It also has one PKT 7.62 mm coaxial machine gun and 12.7mm machine gun.
•It has a single MTU multi-fuel diesel engine which gives out around 1400 BHP and can achieve max. Speed of 67 kmph.
•It has a capacity of 4 Crew members - commander, Gunner, Loader and Driver.

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Combat Tanks or Indian Army {2/2}

2. MK 1A
•Origin: India
•Quantity: 118 ordered after clearing trials in February 2015.
•It is the upgraded version of MK1.

For more about MK1 A, Click

https://t.me/ssbgeneraldiscussion/479

T-90S “Bhishma” (Main Battle Tank)

•Origin: Russia-India
•Quantity: 2078
•In service
•It is the upgraded version of T 72 tanks, produced by India domestically.
•It is equipped with French Thales-built Catherine-FC thermal sight and utilises Russian-5 K-5 explosive reactive armor plates.
•It consists of an 1130 HP engine and a top speed of 60 Kmph.
•It has a powerful 125 smoothbore gun and 12.7mm heavy machine gun.

T-72 Ajeya (Main Battle Tank)

•Origin: Soviet Union-Poland-India
•Quantity: 968
•In service
•In 1978 500 T-72 tanks were purchased by India from Russia.
•It has a main gun of 125mm