Equivalents
1. (P.) it is all one for them → alike it is to them
2. (Pl.) it is the same to them → alike it is to them
3. (Sh.) you warn them → thou hast warned them
4. (P.) thou warn them not → hast not warned them
5. (Sh.) those who disbelieve → the unbelievers
6. (Pl.) those who misbelieve → the unbelievers
7. (P.) they believe not → they do not believe
8. (Pl.) they will not believe → they do not believe
⸻
Questions
1. What is corresponding to “they will not have faith” in Arberry’s translation?
The corresponding expression is “they do not believe.”
⸻
2. Give two English words corresponding to “unbelievers” in the translation.
Two corresponding words are:
• disbelievers
• misbelievers
1. (P.) it is all one for them → alike it is to them
2. (Pl.) it is the same to them → alike it is to them
3. (Sh.) you warn them → thou hast warned them
4. (P.) thou warn them not → hast not warned them
5. (Sh.) those who disbelieve → the unbelievers
6. (Pl.) those who misbelieve → the unbelievers
7. (P.) they believe not → they do not believe
8. (Pl.) they will not believe → they do not believe
⸻
Questions
1. What is corresponding to “they will not have faith” in Arberry’s translation?
The corresponding expression is “they do not believe.”
⸻
2. Give two English words corresponding to “unbelievers” in the translation.
Two corresponding words are:
• disbelievers
• misbelievers
Equivalents
1. (Y.) a veil → a covering
2. (Pl.) dimness → a covering
3. (P.) Allah hath sealed their hearing and their hearts → God has set a seal on their hearts and on their hearing
4. (Ah.) for them is → there awaits them
⸻
Questions
1. Is there any shift or transposition in equivalent 3? If yes, discuss it.
Yes, there is a transposition (shift) in equivalent 3.
In the Persian/Yusuf Ali-style rendering, the order is:
• their hearing and their hearts
But in Arberry’s translation, the order becomes:
• their hearts and their hearing
So, the translator changes the sequence of the sentence elements. This is a structural or stylistic transposition without changing the meaning.
⸻
2. Give a word that can semantically be substituted for “mighty” in the translation.
A suitable substitute is “great.”
⸻
3. Give three English words corresponding to “chastisement” in Arberry’s rendering.
Three corresponding words are:
• punishment
• torment
• penalty
1. (Y.) a veil → a covering
2. (Pl.) dimness → a covering
3. (P.) Allah hath sealed their hearing and their hearts → God has set a seal on their hearts and on their hearing
4. (Ah.) for them is → there awaits them
⸻
Questions
1. Is there any shift or transposition in equivalent 3? If yes, discuss it.
Yes, there is a transposition (shift) in equivalent 3.
In the Persian/Yusuf Ali-style rendering, the order is:
• their hearing and their hearts
But in Arberry’s translation, the order becomes:
• their hearts and their hearing
So, the translator changes the sequence of the sentence elements. This is a structural or stylistic transposition without changing the meaning.
⸻
2. Give a word that can semantically be substituted for “mighty” in the translation.
A suitable substitute is “great.”
⸻
3. Give three English words corresponding to “chastisement” in Arberry’s rendering.
Three corresponding words are:
• punishment
• torment
• penalty
Equivalents
1. (Pl.) They would deceive → They would trick
2. (P.) They think to beguile → They would trick
3. (D.) They seek to deceive → They would trick
4. (Sh.) They desire to deceive → They would trick
5. (Ah.) they deceive not but themselves → and only themselves they deceive
6. (P.) they beguile none save themselves → and only themselves they deceive
7. (Pl.) they deceive only themselves → and only themselves they deceive
8. (P.) but they perceive not → and they are not aware
⸻
Questions
1. Which word in Arberry’s rendering is corresponding to “while”?
The corresponding word is “and.”
⸻
2. Give an English equivalent to “the believers” in the translation according to the style of the Persian version.
The equivalent is “the faithful.”
1. (Pl.) They would deceive → They would trick
2. (P.) They think to beguile → They would trick
3. (D.) They seek to deceive → They would trick
4. (Sh.) They desire to deceive → They would trick
5. (Ah.) they deceive not but themselves → and only themselves they deceive
6. (P.) they beguile none save themselves → and only themselves they deceive
7. (Pl.) they deceive only themselves → and only themselves they deceive
8. (P.) but they perceive not → and they are not aware
⸻
Questions
1. Which word in Arberry’s rendering is corresponding to “while”?
The corresponding word is “and.”
⸻
2. Give an English equivalent to “the believers” in the translation according to the style of the Persian version.
The equivalent is “the faithful.”
Equivalents
1. (P.) disease → sickness
2. (Pl.) they lied → they have cried lies
3. (Sh.) they shall have → there awaits them
⸻
Questions
1. Give a word corresponding to “for that” in Arberry’s rendering. (See the Persian version for guidance.)
The corresponding word is “because.”
⸻
2. Which word in Arberry’s translation is equal to “grievous”?
The word is “painful.”
1. (P.) disease → sickness
2. (Pl.) they lied → they have cried lies
3. (Sh.) they shall have → there awaits them
⸻
Questions
1. Give a word corresponding to “for that” in Arberry’s rendering. (See the Persian version for guidance.)
The corresponding word is “because.”
⸻
2. Which word in Arberry’s translation is equal to “grievous”?
The word is “painful.”
Equivalents
1. (P.) Make not mischief → Do not corruption (intended: “Do not make corruption”)
2. (D.) Do not commit evil → Do not corruption in the land
3. (As.) We are but improving things! → We are only ones that put things right
4. (Sh.) We are but peace-makers → ones that put things right
5. (P.) We are peace-makers only → We are only ones that put things right
6. (D.) We do nothing but good → We are only ones that put things right
⸻
Questions
1. Is the word “Do” in Arberry’s translation used as a main verb or as an auxiliary one? Explain your answer.
The word “Do” is used as an auxiliary verb.
It helps form the negative imperative structure in:
“Do not …”
The main verb is implied in the expression about causing corruption.
⸻
2. Give a word corresponding to “land” in Arberry’s translation.
The corresponding word is “earth.”
1. (P.) Make not mischief → Do not corruption (intended: “Do not make corruption”)
2. (D.) Do not commit evil → Do not corruption in the land
3. (As.) We are but improving things! → We are only ones that put things right
4. (Sh.) We are but peace-makers → ones that put things right
5. (P.) We are peace-makers only → We are only ones that put things right
6. (D.) We do nothing but good → We are only ones that put things right
⸻
Questions
1. Is the word “Do” in Arberry’s translation used as a main verb or as an auxiliary one? Explain your answer.
The word “Do” is used as an auxiliary verb.
It helps form the negative imperative structure in:
“Do not …”
The main verb is implied in the expression about causing corruption.
⸻
2. Give a word corresponding to “land” in Arberry’s translation.
The corresponding word is “earth.”
Equivalents
1. (Pl.) the evildoers → the workers of corruption
2. (P.) the mischief-makers → the workers of corruption
3. (Y.) Of a surety → Truly
4. (P.) they perceive not → they are not aware
5. (Pl.) they do not perceive → they are not aware
6. (Y.) they realise (it) not → they are not aware
⸻
Questions
1. What is corresponding to “the ones who make mischief” in Arberry’s translation?
The corresponding expression is “the workers of corruption.”
⸻
2. Give a word that can semantically be substituted for “corruption” in the translation.
A suitable substitute is “mischief.”
1. (Pl.) the evildoers → the workers of corruption
2. (P.) the mischief-makers → the workers of corruption
3. (Y.) Of a surety → Truly
4. (P.) they perceive not → they are not aware
5. (Pl.) they do not perceive → they are not aware
6. (Y.) they realise (it) not → they are not aware
⸻
Questions
1. What is corresponding to “the ones who make mischief” in Arberry’s translation?
The corresponding expression is “the workers of corruption.”
⸻
2. Give a word that can semantically be substituted for “corruption” in the translation.
A suitable substitute is “mischief.”
Equivalents
1. (L.) they do not realize it → they do not know
2. (P.) they know not → they do not know
3. (I.) Are we to believe → Shall we believe
4. (P.) the foolish → the foolish ones
5. (Y.) the others → the people
6. (Pl.) other men → the people
⸻
Questions
1. Say why article “the” is needed before the word “foolish” in “as the foolish believe”, but not before the word “fools” in “as fools believe”.
• In “the foolish”, the adjective foolish is used as a noun phrase referring to a class/group of people. Therefore, the definite article “the” is needed.
• Example: the rich, the poor, the blind.
• In “fools”, the word is already a plural noun, so no article is necessary when speaking generally.
⸻
2. What is corresponding to “the weak-minded” in the translation?
The corresponding expression is “the foolish ones.”
1. (L.) they do not realize it → they do not know
2. (P.) they know not → they do not know
3. (I.) Are we to believe → Shall we believe
4. (P.) the foolish → the foolish ones
5. (Y.) the others → the people
6. (Pl.) other men → the people
⸻
Questions
1. Say why article “the” is needed before the word “foolish” in “as the foolish believe”, but not before the word “fools” in “as fools believe”.
• In “the foolish”, the adjective foolish is used as a noun phrase referring to a class/group of people. Therefore, the definite article “the” is needed.
• Example: the rich, the poor, the blind.
• In “fools”, the word is already a plural noun, so no article is necessary when speaking generally.
⸻
2. What is corresponding to “the weak-minded” in the translation?
The corresponding expression is “the foolish ones.”
Equivalents
1. (P.) we did but mock → we were only mocking
2. (Y.) jesting → mocking
3. (Pl.) devils → Satans
4. (Y.) evil ones → Satans
5. (Pl.) go aside with → go privily to
6. (P.) go apart to → go privily to
7. (Y.) are alone with → go privily to
8. (As.) find themselves alone with → go privily to
9. (L.) go off alone with → go privily to
⸻
Questions
1. Give a word that can semantically be substituted for “only” in “we were only mocking”.
A suitable substitute is “just.”
⸻
2. Which word in Arberry’s translation can semantically be replaced by “fall in”?
The word is “meet.”
1. (P.) we did but mock → we were only mocking
2. (Y.) jesting → mocking
3. (Pl.) devils → Satans
4. (Y.) evil ones → Satans
5. (Pl.) go aside with → go privily to
6. (P.) go apart to → go privily to
7. (Y.) are alone with → go privily to
8. (As.) find themselves alone with → go privily to
9. (L.) go off alone with → go privily to
⸻
Questions
1. Give a word that can semantically be substituted for “only” in “we were only mocking”.
A suitable substitute is “just.”
⸻
2. Which word in Arberry’s translation can semantically be replaced by “fall in”?
The word is “meet.”
Equivalents
1. (Pl.) mock at them → mock them
2. (Pl.) let them go on → lead them on
⸻
Questions
1. Which word in Arberry’s translation is corresponding to “contumacy” or “rebellion”?
The corresponding word is “insolence.”
⸻
2. Where can we insert “He” in Arberry’s rendering?
We can insert “He” at the beginning of the sentence:
“He shall mock them, and shall lead them on blindly wandering in their insolence.”
1. (Pl.) mock at them → mock them
2. (Pl.) let them go on → lead them on
⸻
Questions
1. Which word in Arberry’s translation is corresponding to “contumacy” or “rebellion”?
The corresponding word is “insolence.”
⸻
2. Where can we insert “He” in Arberry’s rendering?
We can insert “He” at the beginning of the sentence:
“He shall mock them, and shall lead them on blindly wandering in their insolence.”
Equivalents
1. (Pl.) traffic → commerce
2. (Sh.) bargain → commerce
3. (Ah.) transaction → commerce
4. (I.) purchased → bought
5. (Pl.) guided → right-guided
6. (Ah.) guided aright → right-guided
⸻
Questions
1. Which word in Arberry’s translation can be replaced by “hence” according to the Persian version?
The word is “and.”
⸻
2. Give a single word corresponding to “at the price of” in Arberry’s translation. (See the Persian version for guidance.)
The single-word equivalent is “for.”
1. (Pl.) traffic → commerce
2. (Sh.) bargain → commerce
3. (Ah.) transaction → commerce
4. (I.) purchased → bought
5. (Pl.) guided → right-guided
6. (Ah.) guided aright → right-guided
⸻
Questions
1. Which word in Arberry’s translation can be replaced by “hence” according to the Persian version?
The word is “and.”
⸻
2. Give a single word corresponding to “at the price of” in Arberry’s translation. (See the Persian version for guidance.)
The single-word equivalent is “for.”
ترجمه
Equivalents 1. (Y.) a veil → a covering 2. (Pl.) dimness → a covering 3. (P.) Allah hath sealed their hearing and their hearts → God has set a seal on their hearts and on their hearing 4. (Ah.) for them is → there awaits them ⸻ Questions 1. Is there…
Here are the answers clearly and in a clean “worksheet key” form:
⸻
Sentence:
“And some men there are who say, ‘We believe in God and the Last Day’; but they are not believers.”
(Translation by A. J. Arberry)
⸻
Equivalents
1. (As.) the while:
= while
2. (P.) when:
= when
3. (L.) while:
= while
⸻
4. (P.) of mankind are some:
= some of mankind are
⸻
5. (Pl.) there are those among men:
= and some men there are
⸻
6. (Pl.) they do not believe:
= but they are not believers
⸻
Questions
❓ 1. What word is implied before “the Last Day” according to the Persian version?
✅ Answer:
Day of Judgement
✏ Persian explanation:
در ترجمه فارسی، منظور از “the Last Day” در واقع کاملتر است:
روز قیامت / روز جزا (Day of Judgement)
یعنی قبل از “the Last Day” در ذهن عبارت کاملتر Judgement یا Judgement Day در نظر گرفته میشود.
⸻
❓ 2. Which word in Arberry’s translation corresponds to “declare”?
✅ Answer:
say
✏ Persian explanation:
در این جمله:
• “who say, ‘We believe…’”
کلمه say نقش «declare / اظهار کردن / اعلام کردن» را دارد.
⸻
اگر بخواهی، میتوانم همین تمرینها را برایت به صورت «پاسخ تشریحی + نکات ترجمهای برای امتحان» هم آماده کنم.
⸻
Sentence:
“And some men there are who say, ‘We believe in God and the Last Day’; but they are not believers.”
(Translation by A. J. Arberry)
⸻
Equivalents
1. (As.) the while:
= while
2. (P.) when:
= when
3. (L.) while:
= while
⸻
4. (P.) of mankind are some:
= some of mankind are
⸻
5. (Pl.) there are those among men:
= and some men there are
⸻
6. (Pl.) they do not believe:
= but they are not believers
⸻
Questions
❓ 1. What word is implied before “the Last Day” according to the Persian version?
✅ Answer:
Day of Judgement
✏ Persian explanation:
در ترجمه فارسی، منظور از “the Last Day” در واقع کاملتر است:
روز قیامت / روز جزا (Day of Judgement)
یعنی قبل از “the Last Day” در ذهن عبارت کاملتر Judgement یا Judgement Day در نظر گرفته میشود.
⸻
❓ 2. Which word in Arberry’s translation corresponds to “declare”?
✅ Answer:
say
✏ Persian explanation:
در این جمله:
• “who say, ‘We believe…’”
کلمه say نقش «declare / اظهار کردن / اعلام کردن» را دارد.
⸻
اگر بخواهی، میتوانم همین تمرینها را برایت به صورت «پاسخ تشریحی + نکات ترجمهای برای امتحان» هم آماده کنم.
Here are the answers in a clear exam-style format:
(Translation is by William C. Chittick)
⸻
Equivalents
1. (A) Do not include among those you consult:
= Bring not into your consultation
2. (A) caution you against destitution:
= promise you poverty
3. (A) make beautiful:
= deck out / adorn
⸻
4. (A) cowardice:
= coward / cowardice (cowardice = abstract noun, coward = person)
⸻
5. (A) different:
= diverse
⸻
6. (M) generosity:
= liberality
⸻
7. (M) niggard:
= miser
⸻
8. (M) voracious:
= greedy man
⸻
9. (M) niggardliness:
= miserliness
⸻
10. (M) avarice:
= greed
⸻
Questions
❓ 1. Is there any semantic difference between equivalent 2 and its corresponding part in Chittick’s translation?
✔ Answer: Yes, there is a slight semantic difference.
✏ Explanation:
• Equivalent 2: “caution you against destitution”
• Chittick’s translation: “promise you poverty”
Difference:
• “caution against destitution”
→ suggests warning, advice, prevention
→ more neutral and indirect
• “promise you poverty”
→ stronger and more negative
→ implies the miser actively threatens or convinces you that poverty will happen
Conclusion:
Chittick’s wording is more emphatic and rhetorical, while the equivalent is more neutral and explanatory.
⸻
❓ 2. Give a word corresponding to “enfeeble” in the translation.
✔ Answer:
weaken
⸻
✏ Explanation (Persian):
در جمله:
“a coward, who might enfeeble you in your affairs”
کلمه enfeeble یعنی:
• ضعیف کردن
• ناتوان کردن
معادل مناسب در این متن:
weaken
⸻
If you want, I can also turn all these exercises into a complete “answer key sheet for revision” so you can study faster before exams.
(Translation is by William C. Chittick)
⸻
Equivalents
1. (A) Do not include among those you consult:
= Bring not into your consultation
2. (A) caution you against destitution:
= promise you poverty
3. (A) make beautiful:
= deck out / adorn
⸻
4. (A) cowardice:
= coward / cowardice (cowardice = abstract noun, coward = person)
⸻
5. (A) different:
= diverse
⸻
6. (M) generosity:
= liberality
⸻
7. (M) niggard:
= miser
⸻
8. (M) voracious:
= greedy man
⸻
9. (M) niggardliness:
= miserliness
⸻
10. (M) avarice:
= greed
⸻
Questions
❓ 1. Is there any semantic difference between equivalent 2 and its corresponding part in Chittick’s translation?
✔ Answer: Yes, there is a slight semantic difference.
✏ Explanation:
• Equivalent 2: “caution you against destitution”
• Chittick’s translation: “promise you poverty”
Difference:
• “caution against destitution”
→ suggests warning, advice, prevention
→ more neutral and indirect
• “promise you poverty”
→ stronger and more negative
→ implies the miser actively threatens or convinces you that poverty will happen
Conclusion:
Chittick’s wording is more emphatic and rhetorical, while the equivalent is more neutral and explanatory.
⸻
❓ 2. Give a word corresponding to “enfeeble” in the translation.
✔ Answer:
weaken
⸻
✏ Explanation (Persian):
در جمله:
“a coward, who might enfeeble you in your affairs”
کلمه enfeeble یعنی:
• ضعیف کردن
• ناتوان کردن
معادل مناسب در این متن:
weaken
⸻
If you want, I can also turn all these exercises into a complete “answer key sheet for revision” so you can study faster before exams.
(Translation by William C. Chittick)
⸻
Equivalents
1. (A) mischievous persons:
= wrongdoers
2. (A) abettors:
= aides
3. (A) joined them in sins:
= shared with them in their sins
⸻
4. (M) ministers:
= viziers
5. (M) the wicked:
= evil (rulers) / the wicked
6. (M) suite:
= retinue
7. (M) the corrupt:
= sinners
8. (M) offences:
= sins
⸻
Questions
❓ 1. What is corresponding to “oppressors” in Chittick’s translation?
✔ Answer:
wrongdoers
✏ Explanation:
در این ترجمه، واژه wrongdoers معادل مفهومی oppressors (ستمگران) است، چون هر دو به کسانی اشاره دارند که ظلم و کار نادرست انجام میدهند.
⸻
❓ 2. Give a word that can semantically be substituted for “aides” in the translation.
✔ Answer:
helpers (or assistants)
⸻
✏ Explanation (Persian):
کلمه aides یعنی:
• کمککنندهها
• یاریدهندگان
پس معادل معنایی مناسب:
helpers / assistants
⸻
If you want, I can also group all your translation exercises into one “final revision sheet” with all answers sorted by topic.
⸻
Equivalents
1. (A) mischievous persons:
= wrongdoers
2. (A) abettors:
= aides
3. (A) joined them in sins:
= shared with them in their sins
⸻
4. (M) ministers:
= viziers
5. (M) the wicked:
= evil (rulers) / the wicked
6. (M) suite:
= retinue
7. (M) the corrupt:
= sinners
8. (M) offences:
= sins
⸻
Questions
❓ 1. What is corresponding to “oppressors” in Chittick’s translation?
✔ Answer:
wrongdoers
✏ Explanation:
در این ترجمه، واژه wrongdoers معادل مفهومی oppressors (ستمگران) است، چون هر دو به کسانی اشاره دارند که ظلم و کار نادرست انجام میدهند.
⸻
❓ 2. Give a word that can semantically be substituted for “aides” in the translation.
✔ Answer:
helpers (or assistants)
⸻
✏ Explanation (Persian):
کلمه aides یعنی:
• کمککنندهها
• یاریدهندگان
پس معادل معنایی مناسب:
helpers / assistants
⸻
If you want, I can also group all your translation exercises into one “final revision sheet” with all answers sorted by topic.
(Translation by William C. Chittick)
⸻
Equivalents
1. (M.) compassion:
= sympathy
2. (A.) support:
= aid
⸻
3. (A.) make them your chief companions:
= choose these men as your special companions
4. (M.) confidential:
= in privacy
5. (M.) meetings:
= assemblies
6. (M.) comrades:
= companions
⸻
Questions
❓ 1. Which word in Chittick’s translation corresponds to “friendly”?
✔ Answer:
sympathy
✏ Explanation:
در این متن، مفهوم “friendly” به صورت صفت مستقیم نیامده، اما نزدیکترین واژه از نظر معنا:
• sympathy = همدلی، همراهی، گرایش دوستانه
پس معادل معنایی “friendly” در این بافت است.
⸻
❓ 2. Give a phrase corresponding to “and” in the last sentence of the translation.
✔ Answer:
and at
✏ Explanation:
در جمله آخر:
“in privacy and at assemblies”
عبارت کاملِ ربطی شامل:
and at assemblies
در اینجا “and” دو حالت مکانی را به هم وصل میکند:
• in privacy
• at assemblies
⸻
If you want, I can compile all these translation exercises into a single exam-ready answer sheet for quick revision.
⸻
Equivalents
1. (M.) compassion:
= sympathy
2. (A.) support:
= aid
⸻
3. (A.) make them your chief companions:
= choose these men as your special companions
4. (M.) confidential:
= in privacy
5. (M.) meetings:
= assemblies
6. (M.) comrades:
= companions
⸻
Questions
❓ 1. Which word in Chittick’s translation corresponds to “friendly”?
✔ Answer:
sympathy
✏ Explanation:
در این متن، مفهوم “friendly” به صورت صفت مستقیم نیامده، اما نزدیکترین واژه از نظر معنا:
• sympathy = همدلی، همراهی، گرایش دوستانه
پس معادل معنایی “friendly” در این بافت است.
⸻
❓ 2. Give a phrase corresponding to “and” in the last sentence of the translation.
✔ Answer:
and at
✏ Explanation:
در جمله آخر:
“in privacy and at assemblies”
عبارت کاملِ ربطی شامل:
and at assemblies
در اینجا “and” دو حالت مکانی را به هم وصل میکند:
• in privacy
• at assemblies
⸻
If you want, I can compile all these translation exercises into a single exam-ready answer sheet for quick revision.
(Translation by William C. Chittick)
⸻
Equivalents
1. (A) actions:
= activities
2. (A) Allah does not approve:
= God dislikes
3. (M) effective:
= influential
4. (M) disapproves:
= dislikes
5. (M) smites:
= strikes
6. (M) delight:
= pleasure
⸻
Questions
❓ 1. Which word in Chittick’s translation can be replaced by “preferable” according to the Persian rendering?
✔ Answer:
influential
✏ Explanation:
در ترجمه فارسی، منظور از «شخص ترجیحدارتر / برتر» کسی است که اثرگذاری بیشتری دارد.
در متن Chittick این معنا با کلمه:
• influential = اثرگذار / قابل ترجیح
بیان شده است.
⸻
❓ 2. What is corresponding to “even though” in Chittick’s translation?
✔ Answer:
however
⸻
✏ Explanation:
در جمله:
“however this strikes your pleasure”
کلمه however نقش «even though / although» را دارد، یعنی:
• با وجود اینکه
• هرچند
⸻
If you want, I can turn all of your exercises into a full “translation workbook answer key” for revision before exams.
⸻
Equivalents
1. (A) actions:
= activities
2. (A) Allah does not approve:
= God dislikes
3. (M) effective:
= influential
4. (M) disapproves:
= dislikes
5. (M) smites:
= strikes
6. (M) delight:
= pleasure
⸻
Questions
❓ 1. Which word in Chittick’s translation can be replaced by “preferable” according to the Persian rendering?
✔ Answer:
influential
✏ Explanation:
در ترجمه فارسی، منظور از «شخص ترجیحدارتر / برتر» کسی است که اثرگذاری بیشتری دارد.
در متن Chittick این معنا با کلمه:
• influential = اثرگذار / قابل ترجیح
بیان شده است.
⸻
❓ 2. What is corresponding to “even though” in Chittick’s translation?
✔ Answer:
however
⸻
✏ Explanation:
در جمله:
“however this strikes your pleasure”
کلمه however نقش «even though / although» را دارد، یعنی:
• با وجود اینکه
• هرچند
⸻
If you want, I can turn all of your exercises into a full “translation workbook answer key” for revision before exams.
(Translation by William C. Chittick)
⸻
Equivalents
1. (A) God-fearing and truthful people:
= men of piety and veracity
2. (M) devotion and truth:
= piety and veracity
3. (M) ample:
= lavish / abundant
4. (M) inanity:
= vanity
5. (A) produces pride:
= causes arrogance
6. (A) near haughtiness:
= draws close to pride
7. (M) habituate:
= accustom
8. (M) rejoice:
= gladden
⸻
Questions
❓ 1. What is corresponding to “honesty” or “truthfulness” in the translation?
✔ Answer:
veracity
✏ Explanation:
در این متن، واژه veracity به معنی:
• صداقت
• راستگویی
• truthfulness
است و معادل مستقیم «honesty / truthfulness» میباشد.
⸻
❓ 2. Which word in Chittick’s translation can be replaced by “please”?
✔ Answer:
gladden
⸻
✏ Explanation:
در جمله:
“nor to gladden you”
کلمه gladden یعنی:
• خوشحال کردن
• راضی کردن
• please کردن
پس از نظر معنایی با please قابل جایگزینی است.
⸻
If you want, I can compile all your exercises into a single clean “final exam answer sheet” so you can revise everything quickly.
⸻
Equivalents
1. (A) God-fearing and truthful people:
= men of piety and veracity
2. (M) devotion and truth:
= piety and veracity
3. (M) ample:
= lavish / abundant
4. (M) inanity:
= vanity
5. (A) produces pride:
= causes arrogance
6. (A) near haughtiness:
= draws close to pride
7. (M) habituate:
= accustom
8. (M) rejoice:
= gladden
⸻
Questions
❓ 1. What is corresponding to “honesty” or “truthfulness” in the translation?
✔ Answer:
veracity
✏ Explanation:
در این متن، واژه veracity به معنی:
• صداقت
• راستگویی
• truthfulness
است و معادل مستقیم «honesty / truthfulness» میباشد.
⸻
❓ 2. Which word in Chittick’s translation can be replaced by “please”?
✔ Answer:
gladden
⸻
✏ Explanation:
در جمله:
“nor to gladden you”
کلمه gladden یعنی:
• خوشحال کردن
• راضی کردن
• please کردن
پس از نظر معنایی با please قابل جایگزینی است.
⸻
If you want, I can compile all your exercises into a single clean “final exam answer sheet” so you can revise everything quickly.
(Translation by William C. Chittick)
⸻
Equivalents
1. (A) virtuous:
= good-doer
2. (A) vicious:
= evil-doer
3. (A) virtue:
= good-doing
4. (A) vice:
= evil-doing
5. (M) refrain:
= abstain
6. (M) post:
= station
⸻
Questions
❓ 1. What is corresponding to “be in equal position” in Chittick’s translation?
✔ Answer:
possess an equal station
✏ Explanation:
در متن آمده:
“Never let the good-doer and the evil-doer possess an equal station before you”
عبارت possess an equal station معادل «در یک جایگاه برابر بودن» است.
⸻
❓ 2. Give a word corresponding to “habituate” in the translation.
✔ Answer:
habituate
✏ Explanation:
در جمله:
“habituate the evil-doer to his evil-doing”
کلمه دقیقاً همان habituate است و به معنی:
• عادت دادن
• خو دادن
⸻
If you want, I can now combine all your exercises into a full revision booklet with all answers sorted and summarized.
⸻
Equivalents
1. (A) virtuous:
= good-doer
2. (A) vicious:
= evil-doer
3. (A) virtue:
= good-doing
4. (A) vice:
= evil-doing
5. (M) refrain:
= abstain
6. (M) post:
= station
⸻
Questions
❓ 1. What is corresponding to “be in equal position” in Chittick’s translation?
✔ Answer:
possess an equal station
✏ Explanation:
در متن آمده:
“Never let the good-doer and the evil-doer possess an equal station before you”
عبارت possess an equal station معادل «در یک جایگاه برابر بودن» است.
⸻
❓ 2. Give a word corresponding to “habituate” in the translation.
✔ Answer:
habituate
✏ Explanation:
در جمله:
“habituate the evil-doer to his evil-doing”
کلمه دقیقاً همان habituate است و به معنی:
• عادت دادن
• خو دادن
⸻
If you want, I can now combine all your exercises into a full revision booklet with all answers sorted and summarized.
Forwarded from Oxymoron
باشه، من بر اساس متن و حروف راهنما (initials) تا حد ممکن کامل و درست برات پرشون کردم:
⸻
(1) آنان که کافرند:
a. those who deny
b. those who misbelieve / misguide
c. the unbelievers
⸻
(2) عذابی عظیم:
a. a mighty chastisement
b. a great punishment
⸻
(3) به خدا و به روز واپسین ایمان داشتن:
to believe in God and in the Last Day
⸻
(4) خود را فریب دادن:
a. to deceive oneself
b. to betray oneself
⸻
(5) در زمین فساد کردن:
a. to do corruption in the land
b. to make mischief in the earth
c. to commit evil in the earth
⸻
(6) فسادکنندگان (مفسدین):
a. workers of corruption
b. mischief-makers
c. evil-doers
⸻
(7) اصلاحگران (مصلحین):
a. peace-makers
b. those who improve things
c. those who put things right
⸻
(8) کسی را بیم دادن:
to warn a person
⸻
(9) دروغ گفتن:
a. to tell a lie
b. to commit a lie
⸻
(10) با کسی خلوت کردن:
a. to be alone with a person
b. to go privately to someone
⸻
(11) کسی را استهزاء کردن:
a. to mock a person
b. to mock at a person
⸻
(12) در طغیان سرگردان بودن:
a. to wander in ignorance
b. to wander in confusion
c. to wander in rebellion
⸻
(13) هدایت و ضلالت:
guidance and error
⸻
(14) هدایت یافتگان:
a. those who are right-guided
b. those who are guided aright
c. those who are guided
⸻
(15) با خردمندان مشورت کردن:
a. to bring the wise into counsel
b. to consult (with) the wise
⸻
(16) بخل و ترس و حرص:
miserliness, cowardice and greed
⸻
(17) به کسی بدگمان شدن:
a. to doubt a person
b. to mistrust someone
⸻
(18) دستیاران گناهکاران:
a. the aiders of the sinners
b. the assistants of the sinners
⸻
(19) اهل ورع و صداقت:
a. men of piety and virtue
b. God-fearing and truthful people
⸻
(20) فراوان مدح کسی را گفتن:
to lavish praise upon someone
⸻
(21) کسی را عادت دادن:
(احتمالاً) to accustom a person
⸻
اگر خواستی، میتونم معنی هر کدومو هم برات ساده توضیح بدم یا تستی ازش بگیرم 👌
⸻
(1) آنان که کافرند:
a. those who deny
b. those who misbelieve / misguide
c. the unbelievers
⸻
(2) عذابی عظیم:
a. a mighty chastisement
b. a great punishment
⸻
(3) به خدا و به روز واپسین ایمان داشتن:
to believe in God and in the Last Day
⸻
(4) خود را فریب دادن:
a. to deceive oneself
b. to betray oneself
⸻
(5) در زمین فساد کردن:
a. to do corruption in the land
b. to make mischief in the earth
c. to commit evil in the earth
⸻
(6) فسادکنندگان (مفسدین):
a. workers of corruption
b. mischief-makers
c. evil-doers
⸻
(7) اصلاحگران (مصلحین):
a. peace-makers
b. those who improve things
c. those who put things right
⸻
(8) کسی را بیم دادن:
to warn a person
⸻
(9) دروغ گفتن:
a. to tell a lie
b. to commit a lie
⸻
(10) با کسی خلوت کردن:
a. to be alone with a person
b. to go privately to someone
⸻
(11) کسی را استهزاء کردن:
a. to mock a person
b. to mock at a person
⸻
(12) در طغیان سرگردان بودن:
a. to wander in ignorance
b. to wander in confusion
c. to wander in rebellion
⸻
(13) هدایت و ضلالت:
guidance and error
⸻
(14) هدایت یافتگان:
a. those who are right-guided
b. those who are guided aright
c. those who are guided
⸻
(15) با خردمندان مشورت کردن:
a. to bring the wise into counsel
b. to consult (with) the wise
⸻
(16) بخل و ترس و حرص:
miserliness, cowardice and greed
⸻
(17) به کسی بدگمان شدن:
a. to doubt a person
b. to mistrust someone
⸻
(18) دستیاران گناهکاران:
a. the aiders of the sinners
b. the assistants of the sinners
⸻
(19) اهل ورع و صداقت:
a. men of piety and virtue
b. God-fearing and truthful people
⸻
(20) فراوان مدح کسی را گفتن:
to lavish praise upon someone
⸻
(21) کسی را عادت دادن:
(احتمالاً) to accustom a person
⸻
اگر خواستی، میتونم معنی هر کدومو هم برات ساده توضیح بدم یا تستی ازش بگیرم 👌
Forwarded from Oxymoron
باشه، این صفحه دوم رو هم کامل و مرتب برات حل کردم 👇
⸻
A. ادامه لغات
(22) نیکوکاران و بدکاران:
a. good-doers and corrupt-doers
b. the virtuous and the vicious
⸻
(23) دلسرد کردن نیکوکاران از نیکوکاری:
to cause the good-doers to abstain from good deeds
⸻
(24) عادت دادن بدکاران به بدکاری:
to habituate the corrupt to corruption
⸻
(25) باعث خودبینی (یا تکبر) شدن:
a. to cause arrogance
b. to produce pride
⸻
(26) جایگاه (یا مقام) مساوی داشتن:
a. to place equal status
b. to be in equal position
⸻
(27) کسی را در کارهایش سست کردن:
to cause someone in his actions (یعنی: سست کردن → to weaken someone in his actions)
⸻
(28) اشرار (بدکاران، افراد شرور):
a. the evil
b. mischievous persons
⸻
(29) کسی را به تکبر کشاندن:
a. to draw someone close to pride
b. to draw a person near haughtiness
⸻
(30) شریک شدن در گناههای کسی:
to share with someone in his sins
⸻
⸻
B. ترجمه جملات
For those who do not believe in God and the Last Day, there is a painful punishment.
⸻
Be among the righteous and never support those who spread corruption on the earth.
⸻
Leave those transgressors who wander blindly in their rebellion.
⸻
Never sell guidance for misguidance and do not deviate from the straight path of God.
⸻
Treat people with kindness and do not mock any of God’s servants.
⸻
Choose your friends from among the people of piety and truthfulness.
⸻
This action will discourage the good-doers from doing good and will accustom the wrongdoers to wrongdoing.
⸻
Miserliness, cowardice, and greed are among the undesirable traits.
⸻
Never leave an oppressor in his ظلم (یعنی: ظلمش را ادامه دهد)
👉 ترجمه بهتر:
Never leave an oppressor in his oppression.
⸻
اگر خواستی، میتونم همینارو برات خلاصه کنم که راحت حفظ کنی یا برات تست چهارگزینهای بسازم 👍
⸻
A. ادامه لغات
(22) نیکوکاران و بدکاران:
a. good-doers and corrupt-doers
b. the virtuous and the vicious
⸻
(23) دلسرد کردن نیکوکاران از نیکوکاری:
to cause the good-doers to abstain from good deeds
⸻
(24) عادت دادن بدکاران به بدکاری:
to habituate the corrupt to corruption
⸻
(25) باعث خودبینی (یا تکبر) شدن:
a. to cause arrogance
b. to produce pride
⸻
(26) جایگاه (یا مقام) مساوی داشتن:
a. to place equal status
b. to be in equal position
⸻
(27) کسی را در کارهایش سست کردن:
to cause someone in his actions (یعنی: سست کردن → to weaken someone in his actions)
⸻
(28) اشرار (بدکاران، افراد شرور):
a. the evil
b. mischievous persons
⸻
(29) کسی را به تکبر کشاندن:
a. to draw someone close to pride
b. to draw a person near haughtiness
⸻
(30) شریک شدن در گناههای کسی:
to share with someone in his sins
⸻
⸻
B. ترجمه جملات
For those who do not believe in God and the Last Day, there is a painful punishment.
⸻
Be among the righteous and never support those who spread corruption on the earth.
⸻
Leave those transgressors who wander blindly in their rebellion.
⸻
Never sell guidance for misguidance and do not deviate from the straight path of God.
⸻
Treat people with kindness and do not mock any of God’s servants.
⸻
Choose your friends from among the people of piety and truthfulness.
⸻
This action will discourage the good-doers from doing good and will accustom the wrongdoers to wrongdoing.
⸻
Miserliness, cowardice, and greed are among the undesirable traits.
⸻
Never leave an oppressor in his ظلم (یعنی: ظلمش را ادامه دهد)
👉 ترجمه بهتر:
Never leave an oppressor in his oppression.
⸻
اگر خواستی، میتونم همینارو برات خلاصه کنم که راحت حفظ کنی یا برات تست چهارگزینهای بسازم 👍