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NASA Rocket Engines May Include Large-Scale 3D Printing

NASA’s Rapid Analysis and Manufacturing Propulsion Technology project, or RAMPT, is advancing development of an additive manufacturing technique to 3D print rocket engine parts using metal powder and lasers. The method, called blown powder directed energy deposition, could bring down costs and lead times for producing large, complex engine components like nozzles and combustion chambers.

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Physicists Pin Down Nuclear Reaction From Moments After the Big Bang

The newly-measured rate of a key nuclear fusion process from the Big Bang matches the picture of the universe 380,000 years later.

The reaction involves deuterium, a form of hydrogen consisting of one proton and one neutron that fused within the cosmos’s first three minutes. Most of the deuterium quickly fused into heavier, stabler elements like helium and lithium. But some survived to the present day.

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It has been thought of as many things: a pointlike object, an excitation of a field, a speck of pure math that has cut into reality. But never has physicists’ conception of a particle changed more than it is changing now.

Given that everything in the universe reduces to particles, a question presents itself: What are particles
​​SARS-CoV-2 genomic RNA

Infectious diseases caused by bacteria and viruses have been around for a long time. Over the past 18 years, there have been numerous deaths worldwide due to acute respiratory illnesses caused by coronaviruses, including SARS and MERS. The COVID-19 pandemic has already claimed more than 1.35 million lives. This emphasizes the urgent need for new ways to combat coronavirus infections.

Researchers at the International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology in Warsaw (in Poland), the University of Groningen, and the University of Leiden (both in the Netherlands) have analyzed the structure of genomic RNA of SARS-CoV-2 using a variety of advanced technologies. This is the first time that the structure of the entire coronavirus RNA has been determined.
The researchers have modeled the three-dimensional structure of the regions with well-defined compact structure. The study presents one thousand best-scored models for each of the regions modeled, representing the conformational space with probable alternative 3D-configurations. Also, pockets were identified in the RNA structures that could be targeted by small molecules to hamper the function of the viral RNA.

This research was published as a Breakthrough Article in Nucleic Acids Research.
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Dark matter could be made up of particles with a vast range of possible masses.

Physicists plan to leave no stone unturned, checking whether dark matter tickles different types of detectors, nudges starlight, warms planetary cores or even lodges in rocks.

Ever since astronomers reached a consensus in the 1980s that most of the mass in the universe is invisible — that “dark matter” must glue galaxies together and gravitationally sculpt the cosmos as a whole — experimentalists have hunted for the nonluminous particles.

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