⭐️ 70 AWS interview questions ranging from beginner to advanced levels:


⭐️ Beginner Level
1. What is AWS?
2. What are the key services provided by AWS?
3. What is EC2 in AWS?
4. What is an S3 bucket?
5. Explain the difference between S3 and EBS.
6. What is IAM in AWS?
7. How does AWS VPC work?
8. What are Security Groups and how do they work?
9. What is an AWS region?
10. What are Availability Zones in AWS?
11. What is Auto Scaling?
12. What is Elastic Load Balancing?
13. What is Route 53?
14. Explain the difference between a public and private subnet.
15. What is CloudFormation?
16. What is AWS Lambda?
17. What is Amazon RDS?
18. How do you monitor AWS resources?
19. What is Amazon DynamoDB?
20. What is AWS Elastic Beanstalk?
21. What is Amazon CloudFront?
22. Explain Amazon SNS.
23. What is the difference between RDS and DynamoDB?
24. What are EIPs (Elastic IPs)?
25. How does AWS CloudTrail work?
26. What is Amazon CloudWatch?
27. What is the AWS Free Tier?
28. What is a NAT Gateway?
29. Explain the Shared Responsibility Model in AWS.
30. What are AWS Tags and why are they used?

⭐️ Intermediate Level
31. How do you secure data at rest and in transit in AWS?
32. Explain the difference between AWS S3 Standard and S3 Glacier.
33. How does AWS S3 versioning work?
34. What is AWS Elasticache?
35. Explain the concept of a bastion host.
36. How do you implement high availability in AWS?
37. What is AWS Direct Connect?
38. What are AWS Managed Services?
39. What is AWS Config?
40. How do you set up cross-region replication in S3?
41. Explain AWS KMS.
42. What is Amazon Redshift?
43. How does AWS handle data encryption?
44. What is Amazon EFS?
45. Explain AWS Elastic Transcoder.
46. What is AWS CodePipeline?
47. How do you implement disaster recovery in AWS?
48. What is AWS OpsWorks?
49. What is AWS Step Functions?
50. Explain the difference between Spot Instances and Reserved Instances.
51. What is Amazon SWF?
52. How do you secure an AWS API Gateway?
53. What are Placement Groups in AWS?
54. What is AWS CodeDeploy?
55. How does Amazon Athena work?
56. What is AWS Snowball?
57. Explain the concept of AWS CloudHSM.
58. What is AWS X-Ray?
59. How do you manage secrets in AWS?
60. Explain AWS Systems Manager.

⭐️ Advanced Level
61. What is the difference between horizontal and vertical scaling in AWS?
62. How does AWS Lambda handle cold starts?
63. What is a VPC peering connection and how does it work?
64. Explain the use of AWS Transit Gateway.
65. What is Amazon EKS?
66. How do you manage multi-account AWS environments?
67. Explain the concept of serverless architecture in AWS.
68. What are AWS Organizations?
69. How do you optimize costs in AWS?
70. What are the best practices for securing an AWS environment?


📱 𝐅𝐨𝐥𝐥𝐨𝐰 @prodevopsguy 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐦𝐨𝐫𝐞 𝐬𝐮𝐜𝐡 𝐜𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐚𝐫𝐨𝐮𝐧𝐝 𝐜𝐥𝐨𝐮𝐝 & 𝐃𝐞𝐯𝐎𝐩𝐬!!! // 𝐉𝐨𝐢𝐧 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐃𝐞𝐯𝐎𝐩𝐬 𝐃𝐎𝐂𝐬: @devopsdocs

🔖What is Kubernetes, and how does it work?

Kubernetes (K8s) is an open-source platform designed to manage containerized applications at scale.

It automates deployment, scaling, and management, making it easier to handle complex, distributed applications in dynamic environments.

‼️𝗦𝗼 𝗵𝗼𝘄 𝗱𝗼𝗲𝘀 𝗞𝘂𝗯𝗲𝗿𝗻𝗲𝘁𝗲𝘀 𝘄𝗼𝗿𝗸?

A Kubernetes 𝗰𝗹𝘂𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗿 consists of a set of worker machines, called 𝗻𝗼𝗱𝗲𝘀, that run containerized applications.

The worker nodes host 𝗣𝗼𝗱𝘀, which are the components of your application workload. The 𝗰𝗼𝗻𝘁𝗿𝗼𝗹 𝗽𝗹𝗮𝗻𝗲 oversees the nodes and Pods, managing deployment, scaling, and maintenance.

In production environments, the control plane is distributed across multiple servers for fault-tolerance and high availability.

‼️𝗞𝟴𝘀 𝗵𝗮𝘀 𝗺𝗮𝗻𝘆 𝗰𝗼𝗺𝗽𝗼𝗻𝗲𝗻𝘁𝘀, 𝘀𝗼𝗺𝗲 𝗼𝗳 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗺𝗼𝘀𝘁 𝗸𝗲𝘆 𝗶𝗻𝗰𝗹𝘂𝗱𝗲:

🔸 Node: machines (physical or virtual) where Kubernetes runs workloads

🔸 Pod: the smallest deployable unit, encapsulating one or more containers

🔸 Service: abstracts and exposes Pods via a stable IP or DNS, enabling communication

🔸 Control plane: the brain of the cluster, consisting of key components like:

🔸 API server: the main entry point for all cluster management requests

🔸 Scheduler: assigns Pods to Nodes based on resource availability

🔸 Controller manager: runs controllers to maintain the desired state of the cluster

🔸 etcd: stores cluster configuration and state as a distributed key-value store

ℹ️ 𝗖𝗼𝗿𝗲 𝗳𝗲𝗮𝘁𝘂𝗿𝗲𝘀:

🔹 Auto-scaling: adjusts workloads dynamically

🔹 Self-healing: detects and replaces failed containers

🔹 Load balancing: distributes traffic to maintain reliability

🔹 Multi-cloud support: works seamlessly across environments

🔹 Declarative configurations: use YAML/JSON files to manage states

ℹ️ 𝗞𝘂𝗯𝗲𝗿𝗻𝗲𝘁𝗲𝘀 𝗶𝘀 𝗰𝗼𝗺𝗺𝗼𝗻𝗹𝘆 𝘂𝘀𝗲𝗱 𝗶𝗻 𝗮 𝘄𝗶𝗱𝗲 𝗿𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗲 𝗼𝗳 𝗮𝗽𝗽𝗹𝗶𝗰𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝘀. 𝗔 𝗳𝗲𝘄 𝗼𝗳 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗺𝗼𝘀𝘁 𝗰𝗼𝗺𝗺𝗼𝗻 𝗶𝗻𝗰𝗹𝘂𝗱𝗲:

Microservices deployment: simplifies managing and scaling containerized microservices

CI/CD pipelines: automates build, test, and deployment workflows

Cloud-native apps: powers dynamic and portable cloud-based applications

Batch processing: handles large-scale data and computational jobs efficiently

Event-driven applications: enables real-time data processing and IoT solutions

Scaling stateful applications: supports persistent storage for databases and critical workloads

Kubernetes brings scalability, reliability, and automation to containerized applications. While it has a steep learning curve and adds complexity, its benefits make it indispensable for managing modern, distributed systems.


📱 𝐅𝐨𝐥𝐥𝐨𝐰 @prodevopsguy 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐦𝐨𝐫𝐞 𝐬𝐮𝐜𝐡 𝐜𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐚𝐫𝐨𝐮𝐧𝐝 𝐜𝐥𝐨𝐮𝐝 & 𝐃𝐞𝐯𝐎𝐩𝐬!!! // 𝐉𝐨𝐢𝐧 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐃𝐞𝐯𝐎𝐩𝐬 𝐃𝐎𝐂𝐬: @devopsdocs

🚨 𝐍𝐚𝐮𝐤𝐫𝐢 𝐭𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐤𝐬 𝐰𝐡𝐢𝐜𝐡 𝐰𝐨𝐫𝐤𝐬 𝐢𝐧 𝟐𝟎𝟐𝟓

💎 𝐓𝐫𝐲 𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐬𝐞 𝐡𝐚𝐜𝐤𝐬 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐦𝐨𝐫𝐞 𝐢𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐯𝐢𝐞𝐰 𝐜𝐚𝐥𝐥𝐬

- Replace career gap by freelance in resume
- Create multiple naukri profile based on location
- Upadte job profile everyday in morning
- Add hot keywords related to job in resume
- Everyday apply for max job openings
- Check job desc to get those keywords
- For ex for DE: Pyspark, ADF, Databricks
- Find HR & send DM/ mails personally
- Make job profiles on multiple job portals
- Try all job searching platforms
- Like LinkedIn, referrals, Frnd N/w

Try some of these hacks and very sure you will get better calls than before.

▶️ PS : Easiest way to become lucky is to try more


✈️ 𝗙𝗼𝗹𝗹𝗼𝘄 @prodevopsguy 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐦𝐨𝐫𝐞 𝐬𝐮𝐜𝐡 𝐜𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐚𝐫𝐨𝐮𝐧𝐝 𝐜𝐥𝐨𝐮𝐝 & 𝐃𝐞𝐯𝐎𝐩𝐬!!! // 𝐉𝐨𝐢𝐧 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐃𝐞𝐯𝐎𝐩𝐬 𝐃𝐎𝐂𝐬: @devopsdocs

🔍 𝗪𝗵𝗮𝘁 𝗶𝘀 𝗖𝗜/𝗖𝗗?


🔘 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝘁𝗶𝗻𝘂𝗼𝘂𝘀 𝗜𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗴𝗿𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 (𝗖𝗜): The practice of frequently integrating code changes into a shared repository. This helps catch errors early, reducing integration issues later.

🔘 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝘁𝗶𝗻𝘂𝗼𝘂𝘀 𝗗𝗲𝗽𝗹𝗼𝘆𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁 (𝗖𝗗): Automates the deployment process, enabling your application to move smoothly from development to production with minimal manual intervention.


💥 𝗕𝗲𝗻𝗲𝗳𝗶𝘁𝘀 𝗼𝗳 𝗮 𝗖𝗜/𝗖𝗗 𝗣𝗶𝗽𝗲𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗲

✅ 𝗙𝗮𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗿 𝗥𝗲𝗹𝗲𝗮𝘀𝗲𝘀: Automating the deployment process ensures quick and reliable releases with minimal manual work.

✅ 𝗜𝗺𝗽𝗿𝗼𝘃𝗲𝗱 𝗖𝗼𝗱𝗲 𝗤𝘂𝗮𝗹𝗶𝘁𝘆: Frequent code integrations and automated tests ensure fewer defects and a smoother development cycle.

✅ 𝗥𝗲𝗱𝘂𝗰𝗲𝗱 𝗛𝘂𝗺𝗮𝗻 𝗘𝗿𝗿𝗼𝗿: By eliminating manual intervention, the pipeline minimizes the chances of errors during the build or deployment process.

✅ 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝘀𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗻𝗰𝘆: Automated builds ensure that every environment is set up the same way, reducing inconsistencies between stages.


⚙️ 𝗞𝗲𝘆 𝗖𝗼𝗺𝗽𝗼𝗻𝗲𝗻𝘁𝘀 𝗼𝗳 𝗮 𝗖𝗜/𝗖𝗗 𝗣𝗶𝗽𝗲𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗲

➡️𝗦𝗼𝘂𝗿𝗰𝗲 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝘁𝗿𝗼𝗹: Code is stored in version control systems like Git.

➡️𝗕𝘂𝗶𝗹𝗱: Code is compiled, dependencies are resolved and artifacts are generated.

➡️𝗧𝗲𝘀𝘁: Automated tests (unit tests, integration tests, etc.) are run to ensure code quality.

➡️𝗗𝗲𝗽𝗹𝗼𝘆: The application is deployed to staging and production environments.

➡️𝗠𝗼𝗻𝗶𝘁𝗼𝗿: Continuous monitoring helps track performance and detect issues early.


🔑 𝗕𝗲𝘀𝘁 𝗣𝗿𝗮𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗰𝗲𝘀 𝗳𝗼𝗿 𝗮 𝗦𝘂𝗰𝗰𝗲𝘀𝘀𝗳𝘂𝗹 𝗖𝗜/𝗖𝗗 𝗣𝗶𝗽𝗲𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗲

1️⃣ 𝗔𝘂𝘁𝗼𝗺𝗮𝘁𝗲 𝗘𝘃𝗲𝗿𝘆𝘁𝗵𝗶𝗻𝗴: From builds to tests and deployments make sure the pipeline is as automated as possible.

2️⃣ 𝗙𝗮𝗶𝗹 𝗙𝗮𝘀𝘁: Ensure that failing tests immediately notify developers, so they can address issues early.

3️⃣ 𝗨𝘀𝗲 𝗩𝗲𝗿𝘀𝗶𝗼𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴: Use semantic versioning to track application changes.

4️⃣ 𝗜𝘁𝗲𝗿𝗮𝘁𝗲 𝗢𝗳𝘁𝗲𝗻: Keep improving and fine-tuning your pipeline for better performance and efficiency.


📱 𝐅𝐨𝐥𝐥𝐨𝐰 @prodevopsguy 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐦𝐨𝐫𝐞 𝐬𝐮𝐜𝐡 𝐜𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐚𝐫𝐨𝐮𝐧𝐝 𝐜𝐥𝐨𝐮𝐝 & 𝐃𝐞𝐯𝐎𝐩𝐬!!! // 𝐉𝐨𝐢𝐧 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐃𝐞𝐯𝐎𝐩𝐬 𝐃𝐎𝐂𝐬: @devopsdocs

📛 𝗪𝗵𝘆 𝗶𝘀 𝗡𝗚𝗜𝗡𝗫 𝘀𝗼 𝗽𝗼𝗽𝘂𝗹𝗮𝗿? 📛

✨ 𝑺𝒖𝒓𝒑𝒓𝒊𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝑭𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒔 𝑨𝒃𝒐𝒖𝒕 𝑵𝑮𝑰𝑵𝑿:

1️⃣ 𝑵𝑮𝑰𝑵𝑿 𝒘𝒂𝒔𝒏’𝒕 𝒐𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒊𝒏𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒚 𝒄𝒓𝒆𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒅 𝒇𝒐𝒓 𝒃𝒊𝒈 𝒄𝒐𝒓𝒑𝒐𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏𝒔—it started as a personal project to solve the C10k problem (handling 10,000 simultaneous connections).

2️⃣ 𝑰𝒕’𝒔 𝒏𝒐𝒕 𝒋𝒖𝒔𝒕 𝒇𝒐𝒓 𝒘𝒆𝒃 𝒉𝒐𝒔𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈—NGINX is a favorite in microservices and containerized environments.

3️⃣ Many cloud-native services like 𝑲𝒖𝒃𝒆𝒓𝒏𝒆𝒕𝒆𝒔 𝒓𝒆𝒍𝒚 𝒐𝒏 𝑵𝑮𝑰𝑵𝑿 as an Ingress Controller for routing traffic.

Why NGINX powers over 30% of the world's websites and is a favorite among cloud enthusiasts?

💡 𝐊𝐞𝐲 𝐂𝐚𝐩𝐚𝐛𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐭𝐢𝐞𝐬 𝐨𝐟 𝐍𝐆𝐈𝐍𝐗

🌐 𝐇𝐢𝐠𝐡-𝐏𝐞𝐫𝐟𝐨𝐫𝐦𝐚𝐧𝐜𝐞 𝐖𝐞𝐛 𝐒𝐞𝐫𝐯𝐞𝐫:
NGINX excels at handling millions of requests per second while serving static and dynamic content effortlessly.

🔄 𝗥𝗲𝘃𝗲𝗿𝘀𝗲 𝗣𝗿𝗼𝘅𝘆 & 𝗟𝗼𝗮𝗱 𝗕𝗮𝗹𝗮𝗻𝗰𝗲𝗿:
It ensures traffic is distributed evenly across backend servers, improving performance and minimizing downtime.

🔐 𝗦𝗦𝗟 𝗧𝗲𝗿𝗺𝗶𝗻𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻:
NGINX takes care of the complex encryption/decryption process, offloading this from your backend servers for faster response times.

⚡️ 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗻𝘁 𝗖𝗮𝗰𝗵𝗶𝗻𝗴:
Its caching mechanism serves content from memory, reducing latency and improving page load speeds.

🛠𝗠𝗮𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗿-𝗪𝗼𝗿𝗸𝗲𝗿 𝗔𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗶𝘁𝗲𝗰𝘁𝘂𝗿𝗲:
NGINX uses a scalable process model, ensuring optimal utilization of system resources under high traffic.


📱 𝐅𝐨𝐥𝐥𝐨𝐰 @prodevopsguy 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐦𝐨𝐫𝐞 𝐬𝐮𝐜𝐡 𝐜𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐚𝐫𝐨𝐮𝐧𝐝 𝐜𝐥𝐨𝐮𝐝 & 𝐃𝐞𝐯𝐎𝐩𝐬!!! // 𝐉𝐨𝐢𝐧 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐃𝐞𝐯𝐎𝐩𝐬 𝐃𝐎𝐂𝐬: @devopsdocs

⚡ 𝗠𝗮𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗞𝘂𝗯𝗲𝗿𝗻𝗲𝘁𝗲𝘀 𝗗𝗲𝗽𝗹𝗼𝘆𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁 𝗦𝘁𝗿𝗮𝘁𝗲𝗴𝗶𝗲𝘀! ⚡

Kubernetes offers a variety of deployment strategies to ensure smooth and efficient application updates. Here are some of the key strategies every DevOps engineer should know:

1️⃣ 𝑹𝒆𝒄𝒓𝒆𝒂𝒕𝒆 𝑫𝒆𝒑𝒍𝒐𝒚𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕
Process: Terminates all old pods before creating new ones.
Use Case: Suitable for stateful applications where downtime is acceptable.

2️⃣ 𝑹𝒐𝒍𝒍𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝑼𝒑𝒅𝒂𝒕𝒆
Process: Gradually replaces old pods with new ones.
Use Case: Ideal for stateless applications to ensure zero downtime during updates.

3️⃣ 𝑩𝒍𝒖𝒆-𝑮𝒓𝒆𝒆𝒏 𝑫𝒆𝒑𝒍𝒐𝒚𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕
Process: Runs two identical environments (blue and green) and switches traffic from blue to green.
Use Case: Ensures quick rollback if issues are detected, perfect for critical applications.

4️⃣ 𝑪𝒂𝒏𝒂𝒓𝒚 𝑫𝒆𝒑𝒍𝒐𝒚𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕
Process: Releases new versions to a small subset of users before full rollout.
Use Case: Mitigates risk by testing updates on a limited scale.


🛫 𝐅𝐨𝐥𝐥𝐨𝐰 @prodevopsguy 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐦𝐨𝐫𝐞 𝐬𝐮𝐜𝐡 𝐜𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐚𝐫𝐨𝐮𝐧𝐝 𝐜𝐥𝐨𝐮𝐝 & 𝐃𝐞𝐯𝐎𝐩𝐬!!! // 𝐉𝐨𝐢𝐧 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐃𝐞𝐯𝐎𝐩𝐬 𝐃𝐎𝐂𝐬: @devopsdocs

🐧 The Linux file system isn't just a bunch of folders - it's the organizational bedrock of your entire system.

Mastering it can take your tech career to the next level. Here's why:
⏩ 𝗞𝗲𝘆 𝗗𝗶𝗿𝗲𝗰𝘁𝗼𝗿𝗶𝗲𝘀 & 𝗧𝗵𝗲𝗶𝗿 𝗥𝗼𝗹𝗲𝘀:
➡️ Root (/): The central hub, connecting everything.
➡️ Bin & Sbin: Essential tools for basic system operation and advanced tasks.
➡️ Etc: Configuration files that make your system tick.
➡️ Home: Your personal storage space for files and documents.
➡️ Var: Holds dynamic data like logs and emails, constantly changing.
➡️ Usr: A vast library of applications, libraries, and data used by the system.
➡️ Lib & Opt: Support files for other programs and optional software.
➡️ Tmp: Temporary storage for the system's ongoing work.
➡️ Boot & Dev: Responsible for booting the system and interacting with hardware.
➡️ Proc & Root: Special directories for system information and the root user.
➡️ Run & Srv: Temporary files for running processes and data for system services.
➡️ Sys & Mnt: Virtual system info and mount points for external storage.
➡️ Media: Where removable media like CDs and cameras connect.

⏩ 𝗪𝗵𝘆 𝗦𝗵𝗼𝘂𝗹𝗱 𝗬𝗼𝘂 𝗖𝗮𝗿𝗲?
Linux powers countless technologies, and familiarity with its file system gives you an edge in various tech fields:
✔️ Software Engineering: Navigating codebases and system files with ease.
✔️ DevOps: Automating tasks and managing infrastructure efficiently.
✔️ Data Engineering: Working with data stored on Linux systems.
✔️ AI: Understanding where data and resources are located.
✔️ System Administration: Maintaining and troubleshooting Linux systems like a pro.

⏩ 𝗞𝗻𝗼𝘄𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗳𝗶𝗹𝗲 𝘀𝘆𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗺:
🔶 Saves you time by finding files quickly.
🔶 Empowers you to troubleshoot issues effectively.
🔶 Makes you a valuable asset to any team.

⏩ 𝗚𝗼 𝗕𝗲𝘆𝗼𝗻𝗱 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗕𝗮𝘀𝗶𝗰𝘀:
This is just a starting point. Dive deeper, explore each directory, and unlock your tech potential. Share your questions in the comments, and let's learn together!


✉️ 𝗙𝗼𝗹𝗹𝗼𝘄 @prodevopsguy & @devopsdocs 𝗳𝗼𝗿 𝗺𝗼𝗿𝗲 𝘀𝘂𝗰𝗵 𝗰𝗼𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗻𝘁 𝗮𝗿𝗼𝘂𝗻𝗱 𝗰𝗹𝗼𝘂𝗱 & 𝗗𝗲𝘃𝗢𝗽𝘀

Docker 🏖

🔖 Official
https://www.docker.com/

🔖 Introduction to Containers - AWS Skill Builder
https://lnkd.in/drHegvBN

🔖 Understanding containers
https://lnkd.in/dfb_x4YJ

🔖 Docker: Beginner to Pro
https://lnkd.in/dbBeqgrN

🔖 How does Docker ACTUALLY work? The Hard Way: A Comprehensive Technical Deep Diving
https://lnkd.in/dv8YvSWr

🔖 Data Persistence - Docker Documentation
https://lnkd.in/dfGaBZnT

🔖 Docker Hub Registry
https://hub.docker.com/

🔖 Docker Samples
https://lnkd.in/din2CZPH


✈️ 𝐅𝐨𝐥𝐥𝐨𝐰 @prodevopsguy 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐦𝐨𝐫𝐞 𝐬𝐮𝐜𝐡 𝐜𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐚𝐫𝐨𝐮𝐧𝐝 𝐜𝐥𝐨𝐮𝐝 & 𝐃𝐞𝐯𝐎𝐩𝐬!!! // 𝐉𝐨𝐢𝐧 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐃𝐞𝐯𝐎𝐩𝐬 𝐃𝐎𝐂𝐬: @devopsdocs

𝗢𝘂𝘁𝗱𝗮𝘁𝗲𝗱 𝗗𝗲𝘃𝗢𝗽𝘀 𝗧𝗼𝗼𝗹𝘀 🔠 𝗩𝘀. 𝗠𝗼𝗱𝗲𝗿𝗻 𝗔𝗹𝘁𝗲𝗿𝗻𝗮𝘁𝗶𝘃𝗲𝘀 🔠

🔠Ditch the old:
🔠 Jenkins
🔠 Maven
🔠 Puppet
🔠 Chef
🔠 Nagios
🔠 Docker Swarm

🔠Embrace the new:
🔠 GitLab & GitHub Actions for CI/CD
🔠 Ansible for configuration management
🔠 Terraform for IaC
🔠 Gradle for faster builds
🔠 Red Hat OpenShift > Kubernetes
🔠 Grafana for monitoring
🔠 Vector & Fluent Bit for log forwarding
🔠 ELK or Loki for log storage
🔠 Prometheus or InfluxDB for metrics


🛫 𝐅𝐨𝐥𝐥𝐨𝐰 @prodevopsguy 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐦𝐨𝐫𝐞 𝐬𝐮𝐜𝐡 𝐜𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐚𝐫𝐨𝐮𝐧𝐝 𝐜𝐥𝐨𝐮𝐝 & 𝐃𝐞𝐯𝐎𝐩𝐬!!! // 𝐉𝐨𝐢𝐧 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐃𝐞𝐯𝐎𝐩𝐬 𝐃𝐎𝐂𝐬: @devopsdocs

🔠Let's talk about Linux 🐧 File System🔠


◾️ The top-level directory, the starting point of the entire file system.

🔠/bin (Binaries)
◾️ Essential command binaries used by both the system and all users.
◾️ Contains executable programs like ls, cat, cp, mv, and more.

🔠/boot (Boot)
◾️ Files required for the system to boot up.
◾️ Includes the kernel (vmlinuz or similar), bootloader (grub) and initrd/initramfs.

🔠/dev (Devices)
◾️ Special files representing devices connected to the system.
◾️ Includes files for terminals, storage devices, network interfaces, etc.

🔠/etc (Etcetera)
◾️ Configuration files for the system and applications.
◾️ Includes files for network settings, user accounts, system services, etc.

🔠/home (Home)
◾️ Contains home directories for each user on the system.
◾️ Each user's home directory stores their personal files, settings and configurations.

🔠/lib (Library)
◾️ Essential shared libraries and kernel modules.
◾️ Libraries are used by multiple programs and provide common functions.

🔠/media (Media)
◾️ Mount point for removable media like USB drives, CDs and DVDs.
◾️ Automatically mounted when the device is plugged in.

🔠/mnt (Mount)
◾️ Temporary mount point for manually mounted filesystems.
◾️ Used to access filesystems from other devices or network shares.

🔠/opt (Optional)
◾️ Reserved for add-on application software packages.

🔠/proc (Process)
◾️ A virtual filesystem providing information about running processes.
◾️ Each process is represented by a numbered directory containing details like memory usage, environment variables, etc.

🔠/root (Root User)
◾️ Home directory of the root user (the system administrator).
◾️ Not to be confused with the root directory (/).

🔠/run (Run-time variable data)
◾️ Stores volatile runtime data, including process IDs, sockets and other temporary files.
◾️ This directory is cleared on boot.

🔠/sbin (System Binaries)
◾️ Essential system binaries used for system administration.
◾️ Contains commands for booting, repairing, restoring the system, etc.

🔠/srv (Service)
◾️ Data for services provided by the system.

🔠/sys (System)
◾️ A virtual filesystem containing information about the system and hardware devices.

🔠/tmp (Temporary)
◾️ Holds temporary files created by programs and users.

🔠/usr (Unix System Resources)
◾️ Secondary hierarchy for read-only user data.

🔠/var (Variable)
◾️ Variable data files like log files, spool files and cache data.
◾️ Content changes frequently, so it's separated from /usr.


🛫 𝐅𝐨𝐥𝐥𝐨𝐰 @prodevopsguy 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐦𝐨𝐫𝐞 𝐬𝐮𝐜𝐡 𝐜𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐚𝐫𝐨𝐮𝐧𝐝 𝐜𝐥𝐨𝐮𝐝 & 𝐃𝐞𝐯𝐎𝐩𝐬!!! // 𝐉𝐨𝐢𝐧 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐃𝐞𝐯𝐎𝐩𝐬 𝐃𝐎𝐂𝐬: @devopsdocs

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🔠Ultimate SRE Concepts for Reliability & Scalability❗️


🔹 SLO – Target reliability/performance goal
🔹 SLA – Customer-facing reliability commitment
🔹 SLI – Metrics measuring service performance
🔹 Error Budget – Acceptable failure within SLO
🔹 Toil – Repetitive, automatable manual work
🔹 Incident Management – Handling outages efficiently
🔹 Observability – Logging, metrics, tracing for insights
🔹 Chaos Engineering – Failure injection for resilience
🔹 Blameless Postmortem – Learn from failures, not blame
🔹 Capacity Planning – Scaling resources for future demand
🔹 Auto Remediation – Self-healing systems via automation
🔹 Blue-Green Deployment – Zero-downtime releases
🔹 Canary Releases – Gradual feature rollouts for safety
🔹 Progressive Delivery – Controlled deployments with feature flags
🔹 Service Mesh – Secure, reliable service-to-service communication
🔹 Runbooks & Playbooks – Standardized incident response guides
🔹 RTO & RPO – Recovery Time & Recovery Point Objectives
🔹 MTTR & MTBF – Time to recover & failure intervals
🔹 Circuit Breakers – Prevent cascading failures in services
🔹 Feature Flags – Toggle features without redeploying
🔹 Game Days – Simulating outages to test response readiness
🔹 Load Balancing – Distributing traffic for high availability
🔹 Rate Limiting – Controlling request flow to prevent overload
🔹 Shadow Traffic Testing – Running live traffic on test infra
🔹 Failover Strategies – Switchover mechanisms for redundancy
🔹 Distributed Tracing – End-to-end request tracking across microservices
🔹 Cell-Based Architecture – Fault isolation for high availability
🔹 Error Budgets Policy – Defining risk tolerance for deployments
🔹 Adaptive Paging – Smart alerting to reduce burnout
🔹 Operational Maturity – Measuring reliability processes
🔹 Dependency Management – Ensuring service reliability across dependencies
🔹 Platform Engineering – Building reliable internal dev platforms


🛫 𝐅𝐨𝐥𝐥𝐨𝐰 @prodevopsguy 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐦𝐨𝐫𝐞 𝐬𝐮𝐜𝐡 𝐜𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐚𝐫𝐨𝐮𝐧𝐝 𝐜𝐥𝐨𝐮𝐝 & 𝐃𝐞𝐯𝐎𝐩𝐬!!! // 𝐉𝐨𝐢𝐧 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐃𝐞𝐯𝐎𝐩𝐬 𝐃𝐎𝐂𝐬: @devopsdocs

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⚡️ 𝗙𝗼𝗹𝗹𝗼𝘄 @prodevopsguy 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐦𝐨𝐫𝐞 𝐬𝐮𝐜𝐡 𝐜𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐚𝐫𝐨𝐮𝐧𝐝 𝐜𝐥𝐨𝐮𝐝 & 𝐃𝐞𝐯𝐎𝐩𝐬!!! // 𝐉𝐨𝐢𝐧 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐃𝐞𝐯𝐎𝐩𝐬 𝐃𝐎𝐂𝐬: @devopsdocs

➡️ 𝐃𝐨𝐜𝐤𝐞𝐫𝐟𝐢𝐥𝐞 𝐈𝐧𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐮𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬:
- FROM: Sets the base image.
- RUN: Executes commands in the container.
- MAINTAINER: Identifies the image creator.
- LABEL: Adds metadata.
- ADD: Copies files (supports URLs).
- COPY: Copies files (no URLs).
- VOLUME: Creates a shared mount point.
- EXPOSE: Specifies listening port.
- WORKDIR: Sets the working directory.
- USER: Defines the user for processes.
- STOPSIGNAL: Specifies stop signal.
- ENTRYPOINT: Sets the start command.
- CMD: Sets the default command.
- ENV: Sets environment variables.

➡️ 𝐃𝐨𝐜𝐤𝐞𝐫 𝐑𝐮𝐧 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐦𝐚𝐧𝐝𝐬:
- --name: Names the container.
- -v, --volume: Mounts a volume.
- --network: Connects to a network.
- -d, --detach: Runs in background.
- -i, --interactive: Keeps STDIN open.
- -t, --tty: Allocates a pseudo-TTY.
- --rm: Auto-removes container on exit.
- -e, --env: Sets environment variables.
- --restart: Sets restart policy.

➡️ 𝐂𝐨𝐫𝐞 𝐃𝐨𝐜𝐤𝐞𝐫 𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐜𝐞𝐩𝐭𝐬:
- Docker Image: Read-only snapshot of a container.
- Docker Container: Executable package with software and dependencies.
- Docker Client: Tool to interact with Docker.
- Docker Daemon: Service managing Docker objects.
- Docker Registry: Storage for Docker images.


✈️ 𝐅𝐨𝐥𝐥𝐨𝐰 @prodevopsguy 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐦𝐨𝐫𝐞 𝐬𝐮𝐜𝐡 𝐜𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐚𝐫𝐨𝐮𝐧𝐝 𝐜𝐥𝐨𝐮𝐝 & 𝐃𝐞𝐯𝐎𝐩𝐬!!! // 𝐉𝐨𝐢𝐧 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐃𝐞𝐯𝐎𝐩𝐬 𝐃𝐎𝐂𝐬: @devopsdocs

🔠DevSecOps Projects ♾


🖥 CI/CD Pipeline for Uptime-Kuma | Get Real-Time Call Alerts for Server Downtime | Open Source Monitoring
#️⃣https://lnkd.in/d-AMpA_R

🖥 CI-CD DevSecOps project with Jenkins | Python webapp
#️⃣https://lnkd.in/dpfSnrrc

🖥 Zomato Clone App with DevSecOps CI/CD
#️⃣https://lnkd.in/dquyVMAH

🖥 AWS Resources with Terraform, Jenkins ci-cd, and Hosting a static website in s3
#️⃣https://lnkd.in/da4nubRY

🖥 Reddit Clone App Deployment with DevSecOps | Ingress
#️⃣https://lnkd.in/djiKd4aA

🖥 Automate EC2 provisioning in AWS using Jenkins and Ansible Playbook
#️⃣https://lnkd.in/d9iRgBtu

🖥 Jenkins CI/CD | DOTNET webapp DevSecOps Project
#️⃣https://lnkd.in/d6mpa4fM

🖥 Kubernetes Project: Deploy Cloud Native Voting Application on EKS
#️⃣https://lnkd.in/dUnhUMge

🖥 DEVSECOPS Project : Complete CI-CD (3 tier app)-Petshop
#️⃣https://lnkd.in/dFrFM422

🖥 DevSecOps CI/CD : Deploying a Secure Hotstar Clone (Even if You’re Not a Pro)
#️⃣https://lnkd.in/dU7aswYb

🖥 Open Source Project: DevSecOps for OpenAI Chatbot UI Deployment | DevSecOps
#️⃣https://lnkd.in/d3aQy5af

🖥 DevSecOps CI/CD : Deploying a Secure Hotstar Clone (Even if You’re Not a Pro)
#️⃣https://lnkd.in/dU7aswYb


📱 𝐅𝐨𝐥𝐥𝐨𝐰 @prodevopsguy 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐦𝐨𝐫𝐞 𝐬𝐮𝐜𝐡 𝐜𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐚𝐫𝐨𝐮𝐧𝐝 𝐜𝐥𝐨𝐮𝐝 & 𝐃𝐞𝐯𝐎𝐩𝐬!!! // 𝐉𝐨𝐢𝐧 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐃𝐞𝐯𝐎𝐩𝐬 𝐃𝐎𝐂𝐬: @devopsdocs

Basic 📱 Git Flow in DevOps ♾ CI-CD!

1️⃣. Developer Creates Feature Branch: The developer creates a new feature branch and is used to work on a new feature or a specific task.

2️⃣. Developer Writes Code: The developer writes the necessary code for the feature in their local development environment.

3️⃣. Developer Commits Changes: Once the developer is satisfied with the changes, they commit the changes to the feature branch in the local Git repository.

4️⃣. Developer Creates Pull Request: The developer pushes the committed changes by creating a pull request to merge the feature branch into the main branch.

5️⃣. Code Review by Team: The pull request initiates a code review process where team members review the changes.

6️⃣. Approval of Pull Request: After addressing any feedback and making necessary adjustments, the pull request is approved by the reviewers.

7️⃣. Merge to Main Branch: The approved pull request is merged into the main branch of the Git repository.

8️⃣. Triggers CI/CD Pipeline: This automation ensures that the changes are continuously integrated and deployed.

9️⃣. Then we follow the procedure for building and testing the code, deploying to staging env. Once the tests in the staging environment pass, a manual approval is required to deploy the changes to the production environment. Once the code is deployed to production env, the prod env is monitored using Prometheus to track the performance and health of the application. The collected metrics are visualized using Grafana. Finally alerts are configured.


❤️ 𝐅𝐨𝐥𝐥𝐨𝐰 @prodevopsguy 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐦𝐨𝐫𝐞 𝐬𝐮𝐜𝐡 𝐜𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐚𝐫𝐨𝐮𝐧𝐝 𝐜𝐥𝐨𝐮𝐝 & 𝐃𝐞𝐯𝐎𝐩𝐬!!! // 𝐉𝐨𝐢𝐧 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐃𝐞𝐯𝐎𝐩𝐬 𝐃𝐎𝐂𝐬: @devopsdocs

🚀 Terraform Commands for DevOps Engineers 🌍

Mastering Terraform can greatly enhance your infrastructure management. Here’s a quick reference to essential Terraform commands:


1️⃣ terraform init - Initialize a Terraform working directory.

2️⃣ terraform validate - Check the configuration for syntax errors.

3️⃣ terraform plan - Generate and show an execution plan.

4️⃣ terraform apply - Apply the changes required to reach the desired state.

5️⃣ terraform destroy - Destroy the Terraform-managed infrastructure.

6️⃣ terraform show - Show the current state or a saved plan.

7️⃣ terraform output - Extract the value of an output variable from the state file.

8️⃣ terraform state - Advanced state management commands:
- terraform state list - List resources in the state.
- terraform state show - Show a resource in the state.
- terraform state rm - Remove a resource from the state.

9️⃣ terraform fmt - Reformat configuration files to the canonical format.

1️⃣0️⃣ terraform taint - Manually mark a resource for recreation.

1️⃣1️⃣ terraform untaint - Manually unmark a resource as tainted.

1️⃣2️⃣ terraform import - Import existing infrastructure into your Terraform state.

1️⃣3️⃣ terraform refresh - Update the state file with the real infrastructure.

📘 Helpful Links:
- Terraform Documentation: https://www.terraform.io/docs/index.html
- Terraform Best Practices: https://www.terraform-best-practices.com

Keep this cheat sheet handy and automate your infrastructure with confidence! 💡

✈️ 𝗙𝗼𝗹𝗹𝗼𝘄 @prodevopsguy 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐦𝐨𝐫𝐞 𝐬𝐮𝐜𝐡 𝐜𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐚𝐫𝐨𝐮𝐧𝐝 𝐜𝐥𝐨𝐮𝐝 & 𝐃𝐞𝐯𝐎𝐩𝐬!!! // 𝐉𝐨𝐢𝐧 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐃𝐞𝐯𝐎𝐩𝐬 𝐃𝐎𝐂𝐬: @devopsdocs