PREP 4 UPSC
#GS_3 Energy, Renewal Energy β
As the Panchamrit commitment of INDC, India has to reach its non-fossil energy capacity to 500 GW by 2030, the importance of solar energy is indisputable. It also has to meet 50 percent of its energy requirements from renewableβ¦
#GS_3 #Mains 2022 Question #PYQ
Do you think India will meet 50 percent of its energy needs from renewable energy by 2030? Justify your answer. How will the shift of subsidies from fossil fuels to renewables help achieve the above objective? Explain.
(250 words) 15 mark
πβ@prep4upsc
Do you think India will meet 50 percent of its energy needs from renewable energy by 2030? Justify your answer. How will the shift of subsidies from fossil fuels to renewables help achieve the above objective? Explain.
(250 words) 15 mark
πβ@prep4upsc
π4π₯1π1π1
#GS_2
Population and associated issues
β Indiaβs first Census was held in 1872, conducted non-synchronously in different parts of the country. After that, India has held its decadal censuses regularly from 1881 to 2011, despite diseases, world wars, Partition and other instances of turmoil.
β The best of sample surveys find it impossible to beat a census. Some unfounded ideas, flowing from bigotry and prejudice, have been slayed by Census headcounts. E.g. The 2011 Census also dispelled the notion of divorce rate differentials between city and rural India. The urban divorce rate (0.89%) is almost equal to the rural rate (0.82%).
β Read the article twice. Important article for #Prelims and #Mains.
πβ @prep4upsc
Population and associated issues
β Indiaβs first Census was held in 1872, conducted non-synchronously in different parts of the country. After that, India has held its decadal censuses regularly from 1881 to 2011, despite diseases, world wars, Partition and other instances of turmoil.
β The best of sample surveys find it impossible to beat a census. Some unfounded ideas, flowing from bigotry and prejudice, have been slayed by Census headcounts. E.g. The 2011 Census also dispelled the notion of divorce rate differentials between city and rural India. The urban divorce rate (0.89%) is almost equal to the rural rate (0.82%).
β Read the article twice. Important article for #Prelims and #Mains.
πβ @prep4upsc
π4π1π₯1π1
#GS_3
Environment
β Just note down about Punnet Sagar Abhiyan and Tide Turners Plastic Challenge Program.
Important for #State_PCS Prelims and also useful as #Mains_Fodder.
πβ @prep4upsc
Environment
β Just note down about Punnet Sagar Abhiyan and Tide Turners Plastic Challenge Program.
Important for #State_PCS Prelims and also useful as #Mains_Fodder.
πβ @prep4upsc
π₯2π1π1π1π1
PREP 4 UPSC
https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/climate-change/coral-reefs-can-adapt-to-climate-change-you-must-give-them-a-chance-85094 β
Coral reefs cover less than one per cent of the earthβs surface, but are one of the most biodiverse ecosystems on our planet. Theyβ¦
#Mains_Question
Q. Assess the impact of global warming on coral life systems with examples. (10 marks)
(CSE Mains 2019)
πβ @prep4upsc
Q. Assess the impact of global warming on coral life systems with examples. (10 marks)
(CSE Mains 2019)
πβ @prep4upsc
π2β€1
#GS_1
Important Geophysical phenomena
Monsoon
β Monsoon is one of the favorite topic of the UPSC for #Mains as well as #prelims.
β Why are certain regions of the country experiencing higher rainfall than normal? How is the triple dip El Nina effect contributing to this change? Do these changes affect the sowing of the summer crop?
πΊ What characteristics can be assigned to the monsoon climate that succeeds in feeding more than 50 per cent of the won population residing in Monsoon Asia? (CSE Mains 2017)
πΊ How far do you agree that the behaviour of the Indian monsoon has been changing due to the humanizing landscape? Discuss. (CSE Mains 2015)
πβ @prep4upsc
Important Geophysical phenomena
Monsoon
β Monsoon is one of the favorite topic of the UPSC for #Mains as well as #prelims.
β Why are certain regions of the country experiencing higher rainfall than normal? How is the triple dip El Nina effect contributing to this change? Do these changes affect the sowing of the summer crop?
πΊ What characteristics can be assigned to the monsoon climate that succeeds in feeding more than 50 per cent of the won population residing in Monsoon Asia? (CSE Mains 2017)
πΊ How far do you agree that the behaviour of the Indian monsoon has been changing due to the humanizing landscape? Discuss. (CSE Mains 2015)
πβ @prep4upsc
π3π1
#GS_2
#Governor
β Read about the role of governor, his/her powers and responsibilities.
β A Bill passed by the State Assembly becomes law only after it is assented to by the Governor. The Governor being a part of the State legislature, the process of law making is complete only when he signs it. Article 200 of the Constitution provides certain options for the Governor to exercise when a Bill reaches him from the Assembly. The Constitution does not fix any timeline for the Governor to decide the question of assent.
β What's Governorβs role in calling an Assembly session- Click here to read.
β #Mains_Question #PYQ
Discuss the essential conditions for the exercise of the legislative powers by the Governor. Discuss the legality of re- promulgation of ordinances by the Governor without placing them before the Legislature. (CSE Mains2022)
πβ @prep4upsc
#Governor
β Read about the role of governor, his/her powers and responsibilities.
β A Bill passed by the State Assembly becomes law only after it is assented to by the Governor. The Governor being a part of the State legislature, the process of law making is complete only when he signs it. Article 200 of the Constitution provides certain options for the Governor to exercise when a Bill reaches him from the Assembly. The Constitution does not fix any timeline for the Governor to decide the question of assent.
β What's Governorβs role in calling an Assembly session- Click here to read.
β #Mains_Question #PYQ
Discuss the essential conditions for the exercise of the legislative powers by the Governor. Discuss the legality of re- promulgation of ordinances by the Governor without placing them before the Legislature. (CSE Mains2022)
πβ @prep4upsc
β€2π1π₯1
PREP 4 UPSC
#GS_1 #GS_3 β Urbanisation, their problems and their remedies. β Changes in critical geographical features (including water bodies) β Disaster and disaster management β
Recent flood of Bengaluru raised many concern about the urban planning and the shrinkingβ¦
β
#Mains_Question #PYQ
β Account for the huge flooding of million cities in India including the smart ones like Hyderabad and Pune. Suggest lasting remedial measures. (CSE Mains 2020)
β Major cities of India are becoming vulnerable to flood conditions. Discuss. (CSE Mains 2016)
β The frequency of urban floods due to high intensity rainfall is increasing over the years. Discussing the reasons for urban floods, highlight the mechanisms for preparedness to reduce the risk during such events. (CSE Mains 2016)
β Account for the huge flooding of million cities in India including the smart ones like Hyderabad and Pune. Suggest lasting remedial measures. (CSE Mains 2020)
β Major cities of India are becoming vulnerable to flood conditions. Discuss. (CSE Mains 2016)
β The frequency of urban floods due to high intensity rainfall is increasing over the years. Discussing the reasons for urban floods, highlight the mechanisms for preparedness to reduce the risk during such events. (CSE Mains 2016)
π2β€1π€©1
#GS_1
#Society #Caste
#Anthropology #paper_2
Impact of Christianity on Indian and tribal societies
β Why are Dalit Christians and Dalit Muslims excluded from the Constitution (Scheduled Castes) Order of 1950? On what basis were Dalit Sikhs and Dalit Buddhists added to the Order in 1956 and 1990 respectively? Read about it in the article.
β #Anthropology #Mains_PYQ
Critically examine "indigenisation of Christianity" in India. (CSE Mains 2022)
πβ @prep4upsc
#Society #Caste
#Anthropology #paper_2
Impact of Christianity on Indian and tribal societies
β Why are Dalit Christians and Dalit Muslims excluded from the Constitution (Scheduled Castes) Order of 1950? On what basis were Dalit Sikhs and Dalit Buddhists added to the Order in 1956 and 1990 respectively? Read about it in the article.
β #Anthropology #Mains_PYQ
Critically examine "indigenisation of Christianity" in India. (CSE Mains 2022)
πβ @prep4upsc
β€1π1
PREP 4 UPSC
#GS_3 Inclusive growth and issues arising from it #CSR β
Read about CSR, its requirement, achievements and limitations. πβ @prep4upsc
#Mains_PYQ
Q. In the contemporary world, the corporate sectorβs contribution to generating wealth and employment is increasing. In doing so, they are bringing in an unprecedented onslaught on the climate, environmental sustainability and living conditions of human beings. In this background, do you find that Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is efficient and sufficient enough to fulfill the social roles and responsibilities needed in the corporate world for which CSR is mandated? Critically examine.
(CSE Mains 2022- GS4)
Q. In the contemporary world, the corporate sectorβs contribution to generating wealth and employment is increasing. In doing so, they are bringing in an unprecedented onslaught on the climate, environmental sustainability and living conditions of human beings. In this background, do you find that Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is efficient and sufficient enough to fulfill the social roles and responsibilities needed in the corporate world for which CSR is mandated? Critically examine.
(CSE Mains 2022- GS4)
π7π3β€1
PREP 4 UPSC
#GS_3 #Agriculture #PACS #Credit #Agri_Credit β
Issue of credit is one the main challenges for agriculture is India. Read that how PACS will help the agriculture credit system. In Bihar, APMC was abandoned, PACS was established in each panchayat. Read aboutβ¦
#Mains_PYQ
Q. βIn the villages itself no form of credit organization will be suitable except the cooperative society.β β All India Rural Credit Survey. Discuss this statement in the background of agricultural ο¬nance in India. What constraints and challenges do ο¬nancial institutions supplying agricultural ο¬nance face? How can technology be used to better reach and serve rural clients?
(CSE Mains 2014-GS3)
πβ@prep4upsc
Q. βIn the villages itself no form of credit organization will be suitable except the cooperative society.β β All India Rural Credit Survey. Discuss this statement in the background of agricultural ο¬nance in India. What constraints and challenges do ο¬nancial institutions supplying agricultural ο¬nance face? How can technology be used to better reach and serve rural clients?
(CSE Mains 2014-GS3)
πβ@prep4upsc
β€2π2β€βπ₯1
#GS_1 #GS_3
#Heatwaves #Early_warning #Heat_islands
β A heatwave is a period of abnormally high temperatures, a common phenomenon in India during the months of May-June and in some rare cases even extends till July.
β Heatwaves have multiple and cascading impact on human health, ecosystems, agriculture, energy, water and economy. It also triggered an extreme Glacial Lake Outburst Flood in northern Pakistan.
β Under the National Monsoon Mission, the Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES) had established an advanced prediction system for early warnings of heatwaves. IMD has the capability to predict the genesis, duration and intensity of heatwave events with reasonable accuracy up to four-five days in advance.
β #Mains_PYQ
Bring out the causes for the formation of heat islands in the urban habitat of the world. (CSE Mains 2013- GS1)
πβ @prep4upsc
#Heatwaves #Early_warning #Heat_islands
β A heatwave is a period of abnormally high temperatures, a common phenomenon in India during the months of May-June and in some rare cases even extends till July.
β Heatwaves have multiple and cascading impact on human health, ecosystems, agriculture, energy, water and economy. It also triggered an extreme Glacial Lake Outburst Flood in northern Pakistan.
β Under the National Monsoon Mission, the Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES) had established an advanced prediction system for early warnings of heatwaves. IMD has the capability to predict the genesis, duration and intensity of heatwave events with reasonable accuracy up to four-five days in advance.
β #Mains_PYQ
Bring out the causes for the formation of heat islands in the urban habitat of the world. (CSE Mains 2013- GS1)
πβ @prep4upsc
π4
#GS_3
#Space #ISRO #Chandrayaan
β By using CLASS instrument (Chandrayaan-2 large area soft X-ray spectrometer) carried by the second Indian Moon mission, Chandrayaan-2, scientists from ISRO have mapped out the global distribution of sodium on the Moonβs surface.
β Sodium is the only element apart from potassium that can be observed through telescopes in the lunar atmosphere (its exosphere). This new map of sodium would enable understanding of the surface-exosphere connection.
πΊ #Mains_PYQ
India has achieved remarkable successes in unmanned space missions including the Chandrayaan and Mars Orbiter Mission, but has not ventured into manned space missions, both in terms of technology and logistics? Explain critically. (CSE Mains 2017- GS3)
πβ @prep4upsc
#Space #ISRO #Chandrayaan
β By using CLASS instrument (Chandrayaan-2 large area soft X-ray spectrometer) carried by the second Indian Moon mission, Chandrayaan-2, scientists from ISRO have mapped out the global distribution of sodium on the Moonβs surface.
β Sodium is the only element apart from potassium that can be observed through telescopes in the lunar atmosphere (its exosphere). This new map of sodium would enable understanding of the surface-exosphere connection.
πΊ #Mains_PYQ
India has achieved remarkable successes in unmanned space missions including the Chandrayaan and Mars Orbiter Mission, but has not ventured into manned space missions, both in terms of technology and logistics? Explain critically. (CSE Mains 2017- GS3)
πβ @prep4upsc
π2
#GS_3
#Economy #Investment
β Sluggish corporate investment is one the main issue of current Indian economy. As the private investment accounts for close to 75% of total capital formation in the economy; therefore its revival is essential for sustained growth of the economy.
β Read that in spite a historic increase in the allocation for capital spending in Budget 2022, why it is not yielding the desired outcome.
πΊ #Mains_PYQ
The public expenditure management is a challenge to the government of India in the context of budget-making during the post-liberalisation period. Clarify it. (CSE Mains 2019- GS-3)
πβ @prep4upsc
#Economy #Investment
β Sluggish corporate investment is one the main issue of current Indian economy. As the private investment accounts for close to 75% of total capital formation in the economy; therefore its revival is essential for sustained growth of the economy.
β Read that in spite a historic increase in the allocation for capital spending in Budget 2022, why it is not yielding the desired outcome.
πΊ #Mains_PYQ
The public expenditure management is a challenge to the government of India in the context of budget-making during the post-liberalisation period. Clarify it. (CSE Mains 2019- GS-3)
πβ @prep4upsc
π6
#GS_2
#UNSC #G20 #SCO #Geopolitics
β Indiaβs Presidency of the Group of 20, UN Security Council (UNSC) in 2022, and the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) in 2023 when major powers are not even talking to each other and India alone, now the fifth largest economy, is interacting with each of them, presents a historic opportunity.
β Read that how idea of βVasudhaiva kutumbakamβ can shape the global order and assess the role of India for this.
πΊ #Mains_PYQ
βThe long sustained image of India as a leader of the oppressed and marginalised nations has disappeared on account of its new found role in the emerging global order.β Elaborate.
(Asked in CSE 2019 Mains- GS2)
πβ @prep4upsc
#UNSC #G20 #SCO #Geopolitics
β Indiaβs Presidency of the Group of 20, UN Security Council (UNSC) in 2022, and the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) in 2023 when major powers are not even talking to each other and India alone, now the fifth largest economy, is interacting with each of them, presents a historic opportunity.
β Read that how idea of βVasudhaiva kutumbakamβ can shape the global order and assess the role of India for this.
πΊ #Mains_PYQ
βThe long sustained image of India as a leader of the oppressed and marginalised nations has disappeared on account of its new found role in the emerging global order.β Elaborate.
(Asked in CSE 2019 Mains- GS2)
πβ @prep4upsc
π6
#GS_3
Syllabus Topic
Disaster and disaster management.
The Himalayan Region is susceptible to a range of hydro-meteorological, tectonic, climate and human-induced mountain hazards, Glacial Lake Outburst Flood(GLOF) is one of them. Read about it. Important for #Mains.
@prep4upsc
Syllabus Topic
Disaster and disaster management.
The Himalayan Region is susceptible to a range of hydro-meteorological, tectonic, climate and human-induced mountain hazards, Glacial Lake Outburst Flood(GLOF) is one of them. Read about it. Important for #Mains.
@prep4upsc
π1
#GS_3
#Environment #Climate_Change #Mains
The climate crisis has a disproportionate impact on women and girls, especially those living in poverty. Here are some key impacts:
1. Health risks
2. Food insecurity
3. Work burdens
4. Gender-based violence
5. Water scarcity
6. Mental health
It is important to recognize and address these gender-specific impacts of the climate crisis to ensure that women and girls are not disproportionately affected and that their rights and well-being are protected.
π@prep4upsc
#Environment #Climate_Change #Mains
The climate crisis has a disproportionate impact on women and girls, especially those living in poverty. Here are some key impacts:
1. Health risks
2. Food insecurity
3. Work burdens
4. Gender-based violence
5. Water scarcity
6. Mental health
It is important to recognize and address these gender-specific impacts of the climate crisis to ensure that women and girls are not disproportionately affected and that their rights and well-being are protected.
π@prep4upsc
π2π―1
#GS2 #GS3 #GS4
#Doxxing #Cybercrime
Challenges to internal security through communication networks, the role of media and social networking sites in internal security challenges, basics of cyber security
β Read about Doxxing, laws & regulations to address this and ways to avoid it. The term is important for #Prelims and the topic is important for #Mains GS3 and GS4.
π @prep4upsc
#Doxxing #Cybercrime
Challenges to internal security through communication networks, the role of media and social networking sites in internal security challenges, basics of cyber security
β Read about Doxxing, laws & regulations to address this and ways to avoid it. The term is important for #Prelims and the topic is important for #Mains GS3 and GS4.
π @prep4upsc
π2
Agroforestry-The Hindu.jpg
1.4 MB
#GS3 #Agriculture #Environment
Must read article, Important for #Mains. Read about-
β Agroforestry
β National Agroforestry Policy 2014
β Trees Outside of Forests Indiaβ (TOFI) initiative
β Diversity for Restorationβ
β Indian Forest and Wood Certification Scheme 2023
β βPayment for Ecosystem Servicesβ (PES)
π @prep4upsc
Must read article, Important for #Mains. Read about-
β Agroforestry
β National Agroforestry Policy 2014
β Trees Outside of Forests Indiaβ (TOFI) initiative
β Diversity for Restorationβ
β Indian Forest and Wood Certification Scheme 2023
β βPayment for Ecosystem Servicesβ (PES)
π @prep4upsc
β€1
β
Indiaβs maritime domain, covering nearly the same area as its land territory, holds 80 per cent of her resources but contributes only 4 percent to gross domestic product.
β Blue economy is an important topic for #Mains. Read about the underwater domain awareness (UDA).
β Article suggests that there should be PM Gati Shakti for economic UDA, akin to the PM Gati Shakti for terrestrial economic development.
Mains PYQ
Q. The Gati-Shakti Yojana needs meticulous coordination between the government and the private sector to achieve the goal of connectivity. Discuss. (10 Marks) (2022, GS2)
π @prep4upsc
β Blue economy is an important topic for #Mains. Read about the underwater domain awareness (UDA).
β Article suggests that there should be PM Gati Shakti for economic UDA, akin to the PM Gati Shakti for terrestrial economic development.
Mains PYQ
Q. The Gati-Shakti Yojana needs meticulous coordination between the government and the private sector to achieve the goal of connectivity. Discuss. (10 Marks) (2022, GS2)
π @prep4upsc
β€1π₯1
β
SDG is an Important topic for #Mains_Answer_Writing. If you will have command over the 17 SDGs, you can use it in most of the answers.
β The Agenda-2030, which was adopted by the UN General Assembly in 2015, identified 17 SDGs with 169 specific targets to be achieved by 2030.
β The article talks about that how the current practice of pursuing SDGs defies the integrated and indivisible nature of SDGs. read the ways to tackle it.
β Also read about the βFuture is Nowβ (2019) report and Brundtland report, βOur Common Futureβ.
π @prep4upsc
β The Agenda-2030, which was adopted by the UN General Assembly in 2015, identified 17 SDGs with 169 specific targets to be achieved by 2030.
β The article talks about that how the current practice of pursuing SDGs defies the integrated and indivisible nature of SDGs. read the ways to tackle it.
β Also read about the βFuture is Nowβ (2019) report and Brundtland report, βOur Common Futureβ.
π @prep4upsc
π2β€1