Concomitant squint Non paralytic squint
Def :-it is manifest squint , not due to paralysis of EOMs in which the angle ( 1ry angle = 2ry angle )


Causes:-
1-Uncorrected error of refraction
a-Hypermetropia  accommodative esotropia= convergent.
b-Myopiaaccommodative exotropia = divergent.

Types :-
1-Unilateral
2-Alternating

Diagnosis:-
1-History :- age of onset , duration ,
2-Ocular examination :-
-fundus examination ( retinoblastoma )
-retinoscopy ( error of refraction)
-V/A ( vision)
3- ocular motility ;- 6 cardinal .
4-Cover- uncover tast.
5-Measurement of angle of squint :-
• Corneal light reflex:-( Hirschberg test)
-Angle 15 :- at pupillary margin.
-Angle 30 :- on the iris .
-Angle 45 :-at the limbus.
-Every 1mm on sclera = 7


complication:-
1-Suppression:- it occure in alternating squint.
2-Amblyopia
3-Eccentric fixation:- False macula.( vision is bad )

Treatment:-
before age 7yrs
1-To avoid amblyopia.
2-To developed binocular vision.
ttt:-
1- Glasses:- correcaton of error of refraction .
الاطفال الصغار اللي يقدروش يلبسو نظارة نعطوهم Miotics (Eserin or pilocarpine

2- amblyopia therapy :- - occlusion normal eye ( 1 week /year)

3- surgical ttt.:-
Types of operation:-
-Esotropia MR recession or LR resection.
-Exotropia MR resection or LR recession.

Latent squint (heterophoria).
Def:- acondition in which the eye has atendency to deviate due to EOM imbalance

Diagnosis Latent squint (heterophoria).
1- Cover –uncover test:- the cover eye deviates under the cover & correct it is position after removal the cover
2- Maddox rod.[ for far]:- Normal orthophoria.
3- Maddox wing (for near).Orthophoria  both arrows point to zero point one both scales.

Treatment Latent squint (heterophoria).
1-Correction of error of refraction.
2 exercise
- pencil nose exercise for exophoria
3- surgical واخر حل ل و اللي قبله فشل

Amblyopia
Decrease of V/A in one or both eyes, in the absence of any organic disease & not correct by glasses.
Types :
1- Strabismus ambylyopia
2-Anisometropia amblyopia .
3-Deprivation amblyopia ( corneal opacity , cataract ,glaucoma ).
TTT:-
-Occlusion normal eye (1wk for 1yr ).
-Penalization ( tropinzation ) atropine E.O for normal eye

Apparent (false) squint
Def:-it is acondition in which the person gives an impression of ocular diviation in normally directed visual axis.

Causes:-

Apparent convergent squint:- ( psudo- esotropia)
•Epicanthus .
•High myopia.
•Small IPD

Apparent divergent squint:- ( psudo- exotropia)
•Lateral ankyloblepharon
•High hypermetrope.
•Large IPD .

Apparent vertical squint:- (pseudo- hyper or hypotropia):-
•Ptosis psudo-hypertropia
•Lid retraction  psudo-hypotropia.

Diagnosis:-
•Presence of cause.
•Cover test  no movement as the visual axes are normal.
•Corneal light reflex :-at centeral normally.

Treatment:- TTT the cause only . (No squint

هذه انواع السكوينت حاولت نلخص المهم فيها اللي ممكن يسالو عليه

قناة زميلنا رتب فيها تجارب و بعض مخلصات الاوسكي ، بارك الله فيه .

وعليكم السلام ورحمة الله وبركاته
انا في لجنه خمسة جوني زوز دكتورات
●انتيرور سلايد hyper mature cataract
قتلي قوليلي تشوفي و اما stage و شن افضل عمليه ليها
Iris coloboma وسلايد
قتلي شن تشوفي قتلها علاها وقتلي عرفيها
وفي نفس صورة فيه iridectomy قتلي باش نديروا فيها ولو ندرنها ب ليزر شن نسموها وقتلي شن هدف منها
وشن كمبليكيش الي ممكن تصير بعدها
و سلايد rubeosis iridis قتلي شن تشوفي وشن كومبليكيش  وجودها عل شن يدل ( retinal ischemia)
●بوستيرور
CRAO
قتلي قولي Diagnosis وشن اسباب وكيف عرفتي وشن DD متع Cherry red spot
CRVO
كيف عرفتي و شن نوعه اسكمك وشن علامات اسكمك وشن اسباب اكلوجن 
Retinitis pigmentosa 
كيف عرفتي وشن ندير باش نشخص ومن شن يشكي المريض
Hypertensive retinaopathy
كيف عرفتي ...macular star 
وشن DD متعها معرفتش 🙄