@Service
@RequiredArgsConstructor
public class UserProfileService {

    private final UserRepository userRepository;
    private final RedisTemplate<String, UserProfile> redisTemplate;

    private static final Duration TTL = Duration.ofMinutes(5);

    public UserProfile getProfile(Long userId) {
        String key = "profile:" + userId;

        UserProfile cached = redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(key);
        if (cached != null) {
            return cached;
        }

        UserProfile profile = userRepository.findById(userId)
            .map(UserProfile::from)
            .orElseThrow(UserNotFoundException::new);

        redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(key, profile, TTL);
        return profile;
    }
}

@Component
public class AuditFilter implements Filter {

    private static final ThreadLocal<AuditContext> CONTEXT =
        new ThreadLocal<>();

    @Override
    public void doFilter(
        ServletRequest request,
        ServletResponse response,
        FilterChain chain
    ) throws IOException, ServletException {

        AuditContext ctx = new AuditContext(
            ((HttpServletRequest) request).getRequestURI(),
            System.currentTimeMillis()
        );
        CONTEXT.set(ctx);

        try {
            chain.doFilter(request, response);
        } finally {
            auditLog(CONTEXT.get());
        }
    }

    public static AuditContext current() {
        return CONTEXT.get();
    }

    private void auditLog(AuditContext ctx) {
        // пишем в БД...
    }
}