⚓ INDIAN NAVY’S JOURNEY TOWARDS SELF-RELIANCE (AATMANIRBHAR BHARAT)
⭐ Builder’s Navy: Navy shifts from an import-dependent Buyer’s Navy to an indigenous Builder’s Navy, under INIP 2015–2030.
⭐ Indigenous Acquisition: 67% of capital acquisitions in the last decade have been through Indian industries.
⭐ Shipbuilding Strength: 51 major ships under construction in India, worth nearly ₹90,000 crore.
⭐ High Induction Rate: Since 2014, over 40 indigenous warships/submarines delivered; in the last year, one vessel inducted every 40 days.
⭐ Budget Growth: Naval budget increased from ₹49,623 crore (2020–21) to ₹1,03,548 crore (2025–26).

🏘️ PROGRESS UNDER PM-AJAY (SC DEVELOPMENT SCHEME)
⭐ Adarsh Gram Development: 12,964 villages declared Adarsh Gram; ₹1651.84 crore released for development works.
⭐ Beneficiary Support: Under Grants-in-Aid, ₹1461.13 crore released for 2,48,570 SC beneficiaries for skills and income-generation.
⭐ Hostel Infrastructure: 90 new hostels sanctioned, benefiting 10,649 SC students to improve education access.
⭐ Community Focus: Emphasis on infrastructure (roads, street lights, waste management) in SC-majority villages — not individual housing.

👶 100-DAY ‘BAL VIVAH MUKT BHARAT’ ANTI–CHILD MARRIAGE CAMPAIGN
⭐ Campaign Duration: From Nov 27, 2025 → Mar 8, 2026 (100-day nationwide effort).
⭐ Launch Event: Officially launched on Dec 4, 2025, marking 1 year of the ongoing campaign.
⭐ Three-Spell Strategy:
 ⭐ Spell 1: Awareness in schools, colleges, universities.
 ⭐ Spell 2: Engagement with faith leaders, influencers, and marriage service providers.
 ⭐ Spell 3: Mobilizing Gram Panchayats & Municipal Wards to pass ‘child-marriage-free’ resolutions.
⭐ Inter-Ministerial Coordination: Joint implementation with Health, Education, Panchayati Raj, Rural Development, etc.

🚨PIB HIGHLIGHTS, 4TH DECEMBER 2025

⚓ PRIME MINISTER GREETS INDIAN NAVY PERSONNEL ON NAVY DAY
⭐ Occasion: Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi greeted Indian Navy personnel on Navy Day (December 4).
⭐ Key Message: He praised the Navy for its exceptional courage and determination in safeguarding India’s shores and upholding its maritime interests.
⭐ Focus Areas: The Prime Minister highlighted the Navy’s recent focus on self-reliance and modernisation, which has significantly strengthened national security.
⭐ Personal Note: He recalled the Diwali he spent with Naval personnel on board INS Vikrant.

💜 NATIONAL COMMUNICATIONS ACADEMY-FINANCE CELEBRATES PURPLE FEST 2025
⭐ Event: The National Communications Academy-Finance (NCA-F) celebrated Purple Fest 2025 on December 3, 2025.
⭐ Purpose: The event was organised in collaboration with the Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities (DEPwD) to commemorate the International Day of Persons with Disabilities.
⭐ Activities: The programme included insightful sessions, simulation experiences to promote empathy, and a Training of Trainers (ToT) session for faculty members.
⭐ Inclusivity: Exhibitions and stalls by Divyangjan entrepreneurs—including children and young adults—were displayed to promote visibility and financial empowerment.
⭐ Participants: A total of 176 Officer Trainees from various All India and Central Civil Services participated.

🏛️ INDIA HOSTS 20TH SESSION OF UNESCO'S INTER-GOVERNMENTAL COMMITTEE
⭐ Meeting: India is hosting the 20th session of the Intergovernmental Committee for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of UNESCO.
⭐ Date & Venue: The meeting will take place from December 8 to 13, 2025, at the Red Fort (Lal Qila), New Delhi.
⭐ Objectives: The committee will examine nominations for inscription on the UNESCO ICH Lists, review the status of already inscribed elements, and discuss global safeguarding best practices.
⭐ India’s Status: India currently has 15 elements on UNESCO’s Representative List. The most recent is Garba of Gujarat (2023).
⭐ Strategic Advantage: Hosting strengthens India’s global influence, boosts cultural diplomacy, enhances soft power, and reinforces its role as a leader in cultural heritage preservation.

🗳️ CEC GYANESH KUMAR DELIVERS ADDRESS IN STOCKHOLM & ASSUMES INTERNATIONAL IDEA CHAIRSHIP
⭐ International Role: Chief Election Commissioner of India, Shri Gyanesh Kumar, assumed the Chairship of the Council of Member States of International IDEA for the year 2026 in Stockholm, Sweden.
⭐ Theme for Chairship: India’s theme is “Democracy for inclusive, peaceful, resilient and sustainable world.”
⭐ Key Pillars:
⭐ Reimagining Democracy for the Future
⭐ Independent & Professional Election Management Bodies for Sustainable Democracy
⭐ India’s Scale: The CEC highlighted the massive scale of India’s democracy with over 900 million electors.

🤝 22ND INDIA–RUSSIA INTER-GOVERNMENTAL COMMISSION ON MILITARY & TECHNICAL COOPERATION
⭐ Meeting: Raksha Mantri Shri Rajnath Singh and Russian Defence Minister Mr. Andrei Belousov co-chaired the 22nd session of the Inter-Governmental Commission on Military & Military Technical Cooperation (IRIGC-M&MTC) in New Delhi.
⭐ Relationship: Both sides emphasised that the India–Russia relationship is based on deep trust, shared principles, and mutual respect.
⭐ Indian Focus: Shri Rajnath Singh highlighted new opportunities for collaboration in niche military technologies and capacity building of the indigenous defence industry under Aatmanirbhar Bharat.
⭐ Russian Support: The Russian Defence Minister reaffirmed that Russian defence industries are ready to support India’s journey toward self-reliance in defence production.
⭐ Outcome: The two Ministers signed the protocol of the 22nd IRIGC-M&MTC meeting, finalising ongoing and future cooperation areas.

🚢 INDIAN NAVY’S OPERATIONAL DEMONSTRATION FOR NAVY DAY 2025
⭐ The Indian Navy conducted a spectacular Operational Demonstration at Shangumugham Beach, Thiruvananthapuram.
⭐ The President of India, Smt. Droupadi Murmu, graced the event.
⭐ The demonstration showcased:
   ⭐ Formidable Naval Capabilities with over twenty ships, submarines, air assets, and special forces.
   ⭐ Participation of the indigenous aircraft carrier INS Vikrant.
   ⭐ Special operations display by MARCOS (Marine Commandos).
⭐ The event highlighted the Navy’s transformation under Aatmanirbhar Bharat, evolving from a “Buyer’s Navy” to a Builder’s Navy through indigenous warship construction and self-reliance.

✈️ CONCLUSION OF EXERCISE GARUDA 25 (INDO-FRENCH AIR EXERCISE)
⭐ The 8th edition of the bilateral air exercise between the Indian Air Force (IAF) and the French Air and Space Force concluded at Mont-de-Marsan, France.
⭐ The exercise included:
   ⭐ Complex and advanced air operations.
   ⭐ Joint mission planning, execution, and tactical-level coordination.
   ⭐ Familiarisation with each other’s operational procedures.
⭐ The exercise reaffirmed the deep strategic partnership and strong defence cooperation between India and France.

🎯 INDIA–INDONESIA JOINT SPECIAL FORCES EXERCISE GARUDA SHAKTI
⭐ The 10th edition of the annual Special Forces exercise between India and Indonesia began at Bakloh, Himachal Pradesh.
⭐ The focus areas of the exercise include:
   ⭐ Counter-terrorism operations and tactical training.
   ⭐ Unarmed combat, combat shooting, and sniping.
   ⭐ Heliborne insertion and extraction operations.
   ⭐ Planning and execution of drone, counter-UAS, and loiter-munition strikes.
⭐ The exercise aims to enhance joint operational capability in semi-mountainous terrain.

📱 PASSPORT VERIFICATION RECORD (PVR) ENABLED ON DIGILOCKER
⭐ The Ministry of Electronics & IT and the Ministry of External Affairs enabled the Passport Verification Record (PVR) on DigiLocker.
⭐ PVRs can now be securely:
   ⭐ Accessed
   ⭐ Stored
   ⭐ Shared
   ⭐ Digitally verified
⭐ The initiative promotes paperless, contactless, secure, and citizen-centric service delivery.
⭐ It provides:
   ⭐ Anytime access to PVRs
   ⭐ Faster verification for travel, employment, and official processes
   ⭐ Tamper-proof, secure, and authenticated documentation

🧭 NORTHEAST ECONOMIC CORRIDOR (NEEC) PROJECT
⭐ The Ministry of Development of North Eastern Region provided major updates on the Northeast Economic Corridor.
⭐ Key actions taken include:
   ⭐ Formation of eight High-Level Task Forces to implement decisions of the North Eastern Council.
⭐ The mandate of the NEEC Task Force includes:
   ⭐ Assessing existing economic infrastructure
   ⭐ Identifying infrastructure gaps
   ⭐ Formulating strategies to attract investment into the North Eastern Region
⭐ The Ministry reported that in the last 10 years:
   ⭐ 24 flood control and anti-erosion projects have been sanctioned
   ⭐ Total cost of these projects is ₹345.74 crore
   ⭐ Projects were implemented under NEC and NLCPR schemes.

⭐ INDIA–RUSSIA FISHERIES, ANIMAL HUSBANDRY & DAIRY COOPERATION 🇮🇳🤝🇷🇺
KEY HIGHLIGHTS
⭐ TRADE EXPANSION:
Discussions focused on expanding mutual trade, solving market access issues, and fast-tracking the listing of Indian establishments — including AMUL — on the Russian veterinary platform.
⭐ TECHNOLOGY & RESEARCH COLLABORATION:
Cooperation on modern aquaculture technologies such as:
Recirculating Aquaculture Systems (RAS), Biofloc, deep-sea fishing vessels, and veterinary vaccine development, along with joint work in research and education.
⭐ TRADE PERFORMANCE:
India’s fish and fishery product exports to Russia reached USD 127 million in 2024-25.

🚨 DIRECTORATE OF REVENUE INTELLIGENCE (DRI) FOUNDING DAY 🛡️
KEY HIGHLIGHTS

⭐ CORE MANDATE REAFFIRMED:
Ensuring India’s borders remain impenetrable to illegal trade while honest taxpayers conduct business with dignity.
⭐ ANNUAL REPORT RELEASED:
Launch of the “Smuggling in India Report 2024–25”, presenting trends, enforcement challenges, and policy recommendations.
⭐ GLOBAL COLLABORATION:
Participation by 30 international delegates from 15 countries, strengthening global cooperation against transnational smuggling networks.

🥘 PM FORMALISATION OF MICRO FOOD PROCESSING ENTERPRISES (PMFME) SCHEME 🍱
KEY HIGHLIGHTS
⭐ ODOP EXPANSION:
The One District One Product (ODOP) approach is now approved for 726 districts across 35 States/UTs, boosting region-specialized development.
⭐ BENEFICIARY SUPPORT (TILL OCT 2025):
• 1,61,072 micro-enterprises received credit-linked subsidies
• 1363 Self Help Groups (SHGs) supported
• 236 Farmer Producer Organisations (FPOs) assisted
⭐ FINANCIAL INCENTIVES:
• 35% capital subsidy (up to ₹10 lakh)
• ₹40,000 seed capital per SHG member
🪔 PM UJJWALA YOJANA – ADDITIONAL LPG CONNECTIONS 🔥
KEY HIGHLIGHTS
⭐ NEW APPROVALS:
Release of 25 lakh additional LPG connections for FY 2025–26 to achieve LPG saturation.
⭐ SUBSIDY CONTINUATION:
A ₹300 per-cylinder subsidy (for up to 9 refills annually) continues to support affordability and sustained usage.
⭐ SIMPLIFIED ELIGIBILITY:
Now based on a Deprivation Declaration by adult women from poor households.
⭐ SCHEME IMPACT:
Better respiratory health, cleaner kitchens, reduced women’s drudgery, and environmental benefits through reduced indoor pollution.

🌱 JI-VAN YOJANA – ADVANCED BIOFUELS INITIATIVE ⚗️
KEY HIGHLIGHTS
⭐ MAIN OBJECTIVE:
Promote advanced biofuels using lignocellulosic biomass (paddy straw, bamboo) to reduce pollution, provide farmers better income, and lower crude oil import dependence.
⭐ ETHANOL BLENDED PETROL (EBP) PROGRAMME IMPACT:
Since 2014–15:
• Payments to farmers exceed ₹1,36,300 crore
• Foreign exchange savings exceed ₹1,55,000 crore
⭐ NEW PROJECTS:
• 2G Ethanol Plant at Panipat operated by IOCL (using paddy straw)
• Upcoming 3G biofuel plants using refinery off-gas technology.

⚡ POWER AND ENERGY SECTOR REFORMS
⭐ FUNDS RELEASED UNDER THE REVAMPED DISTRIBUTION SECTOR SCHEME (RDSS)
⭐ The Government announced that approximately ₹37,000 Crore has been released as Central Grant under the RDSS, aiming to improve the quality and reliability of power supply through a financially sustainable distribution sector.
⭐ Funding Criteria: Funds are released only when DISCOMs achieve milestones and meet specific guidelines.
⭐ Current Status: At present, no claim from any State related to Distribution Infrastructure works is pending with the Ministry of Power for approval.

🔌 ACTIONS TO REDUCE POWER TRANSMISSION LOSSES
⭐ The Ministry of Power reported that transmission losses vary between 3–4% across the country.
⭐ Regional Data (2023–24):
• Eastern Region — highest loss at 4.24%
• Western Region — lowest loss at 3.12%
⭐ Key Actions: Loss reduction through network expansion, higher voltage systems, reactive power management, and modernisation using SCADA and EMS technologies.

🌍 FRAMEWORK FOR THE CARBON CREDIT TRADING SCHEME (CCTS)
⭐ India has formulated a robust framework for the Indian Carbon Market, aimed at industrial sector decarbonisation.
⭐ Institutional Structure:
• Co-chaired by Secretaries of Power & Environment
• Grid India as the Registry
• BEE as the Administrator
⭐ Mechanism:
• Compliance Mechanism for obligated entities (cement, steel, petrochemicals, etc.) to meet emission targets
• Offset Mechanism for non-obligated entities to voluntarily register emission-reduction projects
⭐ Scope: Sectors like aluminium, cement, petrochemicals, and textiles have now shifted from the PAT scheme to the CCTS Compliance Mechanism.
Thermal power plants remain excluded from this transition.

🚀 SPACE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
🔭 10 YEARS OF THE ULTRAVIOLET IMAGING TELESCOPE (UVIT) ON ASTROSAT
⭐ The Indian Institute of Astrophysics (IIA) marked 10 years of UVIT onboard AstroSat, India’s first dedicated space observatory (launched in September 2015).
⭐ Unique Capability: UVIT is the only operational telescope apart from Hubble capable of far-UV observations.
⭐ Research Output:
• Around 300 research papers
• 19 Ph.D. theses
• Discoveries in star formation, active galactic nuclei, and more
⭐ Future Vision: Planning for the next-generation INSIST (Indian Spectroscopic and Imaging Space Telescope) mission.

🧬 HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STUDY
⚠️ NANOPLASTICS FROM PET BOTTLES HARM HUMAN CELLS AND GUT BACTERIA
⭐ A study by the Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Mohali confirmed that nanoplastics from PET bottles interfere with critical biological processes.
⭐ Impact on Gut Health: Reduced growth and weakened protective functions of beneficial gut bacteria (Lactobacillus rhamnosus).
⭐ Impact on Blood Cells: Disrupted red blood cell membranes, causing instability.
⭐ Cellular Damage: Triggered DNA damage, oxidative stress, and inflammatory signalling in human epithelial cells during prolonged exposure.
⭐ Conclusion: Nanoplastics are biologically active and harmful, posing significant risks to gut health, blood integrity, and overall cellular function.

🛡️ GOVERNANCE AND LAW
📜 BANKING LAWS (AMENDMENT) ACT, 2025
⭐ Introduces major reforms to modernize India’s banking architecture with focus on governance, audit, and depositor protection.
⭐ Nomination Flexibility: Depositors can now designate up to four nominees for accounts and lockers, with simultaneous (percentage-wise) or successive nominations.
⭐ Governance & Audit Improvements:
• Strengthens governance in Public Sector Banks and Cooperative Banks.
• PSBs can now independently fix auditors’ remuneration.
• Unclaimed funds will be transferred to the Investor Education and Protection Fund (IEPF).
⭐ ‘Substantial Interest’ Threshold Raised:
Threshold increased from ₹5 lakh to ₹2 crore in line with current economic realities.

🏗️ LABOUR CODES TRANSFORM BOCW WELFARE
⭐ Universalized Minimum Wages: Minimum wages now apply to all employees, not just scheduled employments, and must be higher than the fixed Floor Wage.
⭐ Formalization & Employee Rights:
• Mandatory appointment letters for all employees.
• Time limit for filing claims extended to three years.
⭐ Safety & Welfare Measures:
• Free annual health check-ups for all employees.
• Commuting accidents included under employee compensation.
• Portability of benefits for inter-state migrant workers.

🌍 INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND CLIMATE
🤝 INDIA–RUSSIA SPECIAL AND PRIVILEGED STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIP
⭐ Partnership elevated to a Special and Privileged Strategic Partnership in 2010.
⭐ Trade & Connectivity:
• Goal to reach USD 100 billion bilateral trade by 2030.
• Progress on India–EAEU Free Trade Agreement.
• India to open two new consulates in Russia.
⭐ Defence Cooperation:
• Evolved from buyer-seller to joint R&D and joint production.
• Includes BrahMos, licensed Su-30MKI production, etc.
• INDRA-2025 naval exercise held in March–April 2025.
⭐ High-Level Engagements:
• Upcoming India–Russia Annual Summit with President Putin.
• Frequent ministerial-level meetings.

🧪 R&D ROADMAP FOR CARBON CAPTURE, UTILIZATION & STORAGE (CCUS)
⭐ Launched to support India’s goal of Net-Zero emissions by 2070.
⭐ Strategic Guidance & Funding:
Provides direction for accelerating CCUS development, supporting both current and next-generation technologies.
⭐ Support for Hard-to-Abate Sectors:
• Creation of CCUS test beds in actual industrial settings.
• Focus on Power, Cement, and Steel sectors.
⭐ Supportive Frameworks Required:
• Skilled human capital
• Regulatory & safety standards
• Early shared infrastructure

🚨PIB HIGHLIGHTS, 5TH DECEMBER 2025

🤝 BILATERAL RELATIONS & TRADE (INDIA–RUSSIA)
🇮🇳🇷🇺 KEY OUTCOMES OF THE STATE VISIT
⭐ Migration Cooperation:
Agreements signed on Temporary Labour Activity and Combating Irregular Migration, boosting regulated workforce mobility.
⭐ Health & Food Safety:
New agreements on healthcare, medical education, research, and food safety standards.
⭐ Maritime Collaboration:
MoUs signed for training specialists for ships in Polar Waters and strengthening cooperation between maritime authorities.
⭐ Fertilizer Partnership:
MoU signed between UralChem and Indian fertilizer companies (RCF, NFL, IPL) to enhance fertilizer supply chains.
⭐ Customs Cooperation:
Protocol signed for exchange of pre-arrival information for goods and vehicles to streamline logistics.
⭐ Major Announcements:
• Adoption of the Programme for Strategic Areas of Economic Cooperation till 2030.
• Russia joins the International Big Cat Alliance (IBCA).
• India offers 30-day e-Tourist Visa and Group Tourist Visa to Russian nationals on a gratis/reciprocal basis.

📦 INTERNATIONAL TRACKED PACKET SERVICE (ITPS)
⭐ A bilateral agreement between India Post and Russia Post to boost cross-border e-commerce.
⭐ Provides a low-cost, trackable, reliable logistics route for small-value shipments.
⭐ Expected to benefit MSMEs, artisans, and rural entrepreneurs by giving them better access to Russian markets with improved delivery rates.

🌾 TECHNOLOGY & DIGITALIZATION IN AGRICULTURE
🌦️ AI-DRIVEN WEATHER FORECASTING FOR FARMERS
⭐ AI-based pilot forecast for local monsoon onset implemented across 13 states during the Kharif season.
⭐ Reached 38+ million farmers via SMS through the M-Kisan portal.
⭐ Surveys show 31–52% of farmers changed planting decisions based on the forecasts.
🤖 AI-POWERED FARMER SUPPORT SYSTEMS
⭐ Kisan e-Mitra — a multilingual AI voice chatbot (11 languages)
• Handles 8,000+ queries daily
• Helps with schemes like PM-Kisan, PMFBY, etc.
⭐ National Pest Surveillance System
• Uses AI/ML to detect pest activity.
• Covers 66 crops and 432 pests, enabling early action and saving crop losses.

🏡 COOPERATIVE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT & RURAL ECONOMY
🌱 EARTH SUMMIT 2025 — TRANSFORMING RURAL COOPERATIVES
⭐ Aim to set up one cooperative institution in every Panchayat and create 50+ crore active members.
⭐ Vision to triple the cooperative sector’s GDP contribution.
💻 DIGITAL EMPOWERMENT OF RURAL COOPERATIVES
⭐ Launch of Sahakar Sarathi (NABARD) — a digital suite with 13+ services, including:
• Digi-KCC
• ePACS
• Cooperative governance tools
⭐ New initiatives include:
• Sahakar Taxi — to become India’s largest cooperative taxi network
• Upcoming Cooperative Insurance (Health, Life, Agriculture, Accident)
⭐ Organic Farming Push:
Target to raise India’s global organic market share by 2035 through the Bharat Organics brand and a modern national lab network.

🛡️ DEFENCE TECHNOLOGY & INDIGENIZATION
🚀 DRDO TECHNOLOGY HANDOVER UNDER AATMANIRBHAR BHARAT
⭐ DRDO handed over seven indigenously developed technologies to the Armed Forces under the TDF scheme.
⭐ Focus on import substitution and building domestic capability.
⭐ Key technologies include:
• Indigenous High-Voltage Power Supply for Airborne Self-Protection Jammers
• Tide-Efficient Gangway for Naval Jetties
• Indigenous Waterjet Propulsion System for Fast Interceptor Craft
⭐ The Empowered Committee approved 12 new projects across strategic, aerospace, naval, and electronic warfare domains.

🛡️ DEFENCE & SECURITY
🤝 INDIA–MALAYSIA JOINT MILITARY EXERCISE
⭐ The 5th edition of Exercise Harimau Shakti–2025 began at Mahajan Field Firing Range, Rajasthan (Dec 5–18, 2025).
⭐ Focus on Sub-Conventional Operations, especially counter-terrorism under a UN mandate.
⭐ Aims to boost interoperability and coordinated operational capability between the Indian Army and the Royal Malaysian Army.

💡 INDIAN ARMY INNOVATION SHOWCASE (INNO-YODDHA 2025)
⭐ Annual event to promote soldier-driven innovations in the military.
⭐ A record 89 submissions received this year.
⭐ 32 innovations selected for further development, upscaling, and potential Transfer of Technology (ToT) to Indian industries.
⭐ Strengthens the Army’s commitment to Aatmanirbhar Bharat (Self-Reliant India).

🌍 GOVERNANCE & GLOBAL COOPERATION
🌐 GLOBAL SOUTH PFM SEMINAR
⭐ India hosted a high-level seminar to share its Public Financial Management (PFM) expertise with countries of the Global South.
⭐ India showcased its successful Digital PFM tools, especially the PFMS integrated with Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) to ensure real-time monitoring and leakage-free fund flow.
⭐ India proposed the formation of a PFM Forum/Alliance for the Global South, aimed at institutionalizing cooperation and jointly designing future PFM reforms.

🏗️ DEVELOPMENT & INFRASTRUCTURE
🏞️ DEVELOPMENT PACKAGE FOR NAGALAND
⭐ Union Minister Jyotiraditya M. Scindia visited the Hornbill Festival and announced a development package worth ₹645+ crore.
⭐ Completed Projects (₹202+ crore):
• Road upgrades
• 132 kV Sub-Station
⭐ New Projects (₹443+ crore):
• Two new hospitals
• Kohima Sports Centre
• Nagaland Innovation Hub
• Multiple major road development projects
⭐ Supports the Act East Vision, improving strategic connectivity, healthcare, and innovation capacity in the Northeast.

🐅 WILDLIFE CRIME
🚨 ARREST OF INTERNATIONAL WILDLIFE CRIMINAL
⭐ The WCCB and MP State Tiger Strike Force conducted a successful coordinated operation.
⭐ Arrested Ms. Yangchen Lachungpa, a major international wildlife offender.
⭐ She was wanted under an INTERPOL Red Notice.
⭐ Key part of an organized network trafficking in tiger body parts and pangolin scales.
⭐ Network had links across India, Nepal, Tibet, and Bhutan.

🏭 NEW LABOUR CODES MODERNISING INDIA’S MSME ECOSYSTEM
⭐ Ease of Doing Business:
• Introduces Single Registration, Single Return, and a Single All-India Licence valid for five years.
• Reduces compliance burden using an Inspector-cum-Facilitator model for inspections.
⭐ Operational Flexibility:
• Increases the threshold for Contract Labour provisions from 20 to 50 workers.
• Raises the threshold for lay-off, retrenchment, and closure rules to 300 workers.
⭐ Worker Welfare:
• Ensures Universal Minimum Wages for all employees.
• Introduces a regularly revised Floor Wage.
• Mandates Overtime Wages at 2× the normal rate.
⭐ Decriminalisation:
• Replaces several criminal penalties with monetary fines.
• Requires a 30-day notice before legal action for compliance-related issues.

🛡️ HEALTH SECURITY & NATIONAL SECURITY CESS BILL, 2025
⭐ Purpose:
• To establish a dedicated revenue stream for National Security and Public Health expenditure.
⭐ Nature of Levy:
• A capacity-based excise cess on machinery/processes used in producing specified goods.
⭐ Applicability:
• Initially applies to Pan Masala, with provision for the Government to extend it to other goods when necessary.
⭐ Compliance Framework:
• Mandatory registration, self-declaration of machinery, and monthly cess payment by the 7th of every month.
• Includes a multi-tier appeals mechanism.

🔬 INDIA INTERNATIONAL SCIENCE FESTIVAL (IISF) 2025
⭐ Event Details & Theme:
• Scheduled from 06–09 December 2025 in Panchkula, Haryana.
• Theme: “VIGYAN SE SAMRUDDHI: FOR AATMANIRBHAR BHARAT”.
⭐ Scale:
• Over 40,000 participants expected.
• Features 150+ technical and thematic sessions.
⭐ Focus Areas:
• Biotechnology, Space Science, Artificial Intelligence (AI), Quantum Technology, and Traditional Knowledge integrated with Modern Science.

🎓 SCHOOL-LEVEL INNOVATION UNDER NEP 2020
⭐ Atal Tinkering Labs (ATLs):
• Over 10,000 ATLs established across India.
• Engaging 1.1 crore students.

• Resulted in 16 lakh+ innovation projects.
⭐ Future Expansion:
• An additional 50,000 ATLs are being rolled out.
⭐ End-to-End Innovation Ecosystem:
• ATLs linked with Atal Incubation Centres (AICs), startups, and a national mentorship system.
• Creates a pipeline from schools → higher education → startups.
⭐ Other Innovation Schemes:
• School Innovation Council (SIC).
• INSPIRE Awards – MANAK promoting grassroots innovation.

💼 DIRECT RECRUITMENT IN GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
⭐ Vacancies:
• 100 posts of Examiner of Trade Marks & Geographical Indications (Ministry of Commerce & Industry).
• 2 posts of Deputy Director (Examination Reforms) in UPSC.
⭐ Application Window:
• Apply online from 13 December 2025 to 01 January 2026.

🚨 PIB HIGHLIGHTS, 8TH DECEMBER 2025

📱 MINISTRY OF FINANCE – UPI
⭐ UPI is the world’s largest real-time payment system, recognised globally.
⭐ Handles 49% of the world’s fast-payment transactions.
⭐ 129.3 billion transactions recorded (as per global reports).
⭐ Government boosting digital payments via Payments Infrastructure Development Fund (PIDF).
⭐ 5.45 crore digital touchpoints installed in Tier-3 to Tier-6 regions.

🐅 MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT – BIG CAT CONSERVATION
⭐ High-level meeting held on the International Big Cat Alliance (IBCA).
⭐ Works to protect seven major big cat species (tiger, lion, leopard, etc.).
⭐ 18 countries have already joined the alliance.
⭐ India will host the Global Big Cats Summit in 2026 (New Delhi).
⭐ IBCA Secretariat established in New Delhi to coordinate global efforts.

🏛️ MINISTRY OF CULTURE – MERA GAON MERI DHAROHAR
⭐ Programme focuses on cultural mapping of India’s villages.
⭐ 6,23,449 villages mapped so far across the country.
⭐ Documents art, folklore, cuisine, traditions, crafts, and heritage practices.
⭐ Strengthens rural identity, heritage tourism, and local economic growth.

⚓ MINISTRY OF DEFENCE – OPERATION SAGAR BANDHU
⭐ India’s Navy conducting a major HADR mission for cyclone-hit Sri Lanka.
⭐ Deployment of four warships: INS Gharial, LCU 54, LCU 51, LCU 57.
⭐ Delivering 1000 tons of relief supplies to affected regions.
⭐ Highlights India’s role as a trusted first responder in the Indian Ocean Region.

⚡ MINISTRY OF POWER – AT&C LOSS REDUCTION
⭐ National AT&C losses reduced from 21.91% (FY21) to 16.16% (FY25) — a major efficiency improvement.
⭐ Under the Revamped Distribution Sector Scheme (RDSS), projects worth ₹2.83 lakh crore have been approved.
⭐ Target: Bring AT&C losses to 12–15% and eliminate the ACS-ARR gap.
⭐ Focus areas include infrastructure upgrades and prepaid smart metering.

📡 MINISTRY OF POWER – SMART METERING
⭐ 4.76 crore smart meters installed across India under various schemes.
⭐ RDSS has sanctioned 20.33 crore smart meters for nationwide rollout.
⭐ Local manufacturing push: Minimum 60% local content required for smart meters.
⭐ 100% local content made mandatory for Head End System (HES) and Meter Data Management (MDM) systems from 1 January 2025.

🌿 MINISTRY OF POWER – COAL POWER & EMISSION CONTROL
⭐ To cut carbon emissions, the government promotes Supercritical and Ultra-Supercritical power units — 70,190 MW commissioned so far.
⭐ Policy introduced for 5–7% biomass co-firing in coal power plants.
⭐ Includes pellets made from agricultural residue and municipal solid waste (torrefied charcoal) to reduce pollution and support clean energy transition.

💧 MINISTRY OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT – WATER SECURITY (NAGALAND)
⭐ Launch of Mission Watershed PUNARUTTHAN at the State-Level Watershed Mahotsav 2025 in Kohima.
⭐ Mission focuses on restoring water bodies, reviving springs, and rejuvenating degraded land.
⭐ Under PMKSY & Watershed Development, ₹140 crore sanctioned for 14 major projects in Nagaland.
⭐ Achievements include the renovation of 555 water harvesting structures and restoration of 120 springs.
⭐ 90% Central assistance provided to all North Eastern States for such projects.

🛠️ MINISTRY OF SKILL DEVELOPMENT & ENTREPRENEURSHIP – SKILL INDIA MISSION
⭐ Vocational training among youth (15–29) rose from 7.1% (2017–18) to 26.1% (2023–24) — a major jump in skilled manpower.
⭐ Under PMKVY, over 1.64 crore candidates have been trained and certified.
⭐ India now has 14,682 Industrial Training Institutes (ITIs).
⭐ Cabinet approved the PM SETU scheme with a ₹60,000 crore outlay to upgrade 1,000 ITIs for advanced skilling.

🌍 MINISTRY OF SKILL DEVELOPMENT – INTERNATIONAL SKILLING & PLACEMENT
⭐ 33,145 candidates deployed abroad in the last three years (FY 2022–23 to 2024–25).
⭐ India signed bilateral skill agreements with eight countries, including Germany and Japan, for mutual recognition of qualifications.
⭐ Proposal to set up 30 Skill India International Centers (SIICs) across states to enhance global mobility of skilled workers.

🏫 MINISTRY OF SKILL DEVELOPMENT – PMKK FOR MARGINALISED COMMUNITIES
⭐ 597 Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Kendras (PMKKs) are operational, focusing on marginalised groups, women, and PwD candidates.
⭐ Under PMKVY 4.0, placement tracking has been delinked, giving trainees freedom to choose their own career paths.
⭐ Placement was tracked in earlier versions of the scheme (PMKVY 1.0, 2.0, 3.0).

🗺️ MINISTRY OF TOURISM – DEVELOPMENT OF ICONIC TOURIST SITES
⭐ Under SASCI, 40 projects in 23 states sanctioned with a total outlay of ₹3295.76 crore for developing iconic tourist centers at global standards.
⭐ Additional support provided through schemes such as Swadesh Darshan, Swadesh Darshan 2.0, and PRASHAD to improve tourism infrastructure nationwide.

🏞️ MINISTRY OF TOURISM – SUSTAINABLE & INCLUSIVE TOURISM SCHEMES
⭐ Swadesh Darshan 2.0 (SD2.0) revamped to focus on sustainable, responsible, cultural, and eco-tourism, especially at lesser-known destinations.
⭐ Challenge Based Destination Development (CBDD):
 — A sub-scheme under SD2.0
 — 36 projects sanctioned for holistic destination development and improved tourist experience.
⭐ Budget Estimate for 2025-26: ₹1900 crore allocated for Swadesh Darshan.
⭐ Capacity Building for Service Providers (CBSP):
 — Budget ₹25 crore
 — Provides training, education, and certification to local communities, artisans, and youth to enhance employability in the tourism sector.

🎭 MINISTRY OF TRIBAL AFFAIRS – UDBHAV 2025 FESTIVAL
⭐ UDBHAV 2025 marks the culmination of the 6th National EMRS Cultural & Literary Fest and Kala Utsav.
⭐ Organised by NESTS to promote tribal culture, heritage, talent, and leadership among tribal youth.
⭐ 1,558 students from EMRSs across 22 States & UTs competed in 49 cultural, literary, and creative events.
⭐ Medal Tally:
 — Telangana topped the overall ranking
 — Followed by Jharkhand, Odisha, Chhattisgarh, and Madhya Pradesh.
⭐ Winners in 12 categories will represent EMRSs at the National Kala Utsav in Pune.
⭐ Reinforces government commitment to tribal education, cultural preservation, and confidence-building among tribal youth.

🛢️ MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE – NATIONAL MISSION ON EDIBLE OILS (NMEO)
⭐ India currently produces only 44% of its edible oil demand — rest is met through imports.
⭐ NMEO-OP (Oil Palm):
 — Target: 6.5 lakh hectares under oil palm by 2025-26
 — 28 lakh tonnes Crude Palm Oil (CPO) production by 2029-30
 — Provides Viability Price (VP) to shield farmers from volatile global markets.
⭐ NMEO-OS (Oilseeds):
 — Aim: Increase oilseed production from 39 MT to 69.7 MT by 2030-31
 — Focus crops: Rapeseed-Mustard, Groundnut, Soybean, etc.
⭐ Overall Goal:
 — Achieve 25.45 million tonnes of domestic edible oil production by 2030-31
 — This will meet about 72% of India’s total edible oil requirement.

🚨 PIB HIGHLIGHTS, 8TH DECEMBER 2025

📱 MINISTRY OF FINANCE – UPI
⭐ UPI is the world’s largest real-time payment system, recognised globally.
⭐ Handles 49% of the world’s fast-payment transactions.
⭐ 129.3 billion transactions recorded (as per global reports).
⭐ Government boosting digital payments via Payments Infrastructure Development Fund (PIDF).
⭐ 5.45 crore digital touchpoints installed in Tier-3 to Tier-6 regions.

🐅 MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT – BIG CAT CONSERVATION
⭐ High-level meeting held on the International Big Cat Alliance (IBCA).
⭐ Works to protect seven major big cat species (tiger, lion, leopard, etc.).
⭐ 18 countries have already joined the alliance.
⭐ India will host the Global Big Cats Summit in 2026 (New Delhi).
⭐ IBCA Secretariat established in New Delhi to coordinate global efforts.

🏛️ MINISTRY OF CULTURE – MERA GAON MERI DHAROHAR
⭐ Programme focuses on cultural mapping of India’s villages.
⭐ 6,23,449 villages mapped so far across the country.
⭐ Documents art, folklore, cuisine, traditions, crafts, and heritage practices.
⭐ Strengthens rural identity, heritage tourism, and local economic growth.

⚓ MINISTRY OF DEFENCE – OPERATION SAGAR BANDHU
⭐ India’s Navy conducting a major HADR mission for cyclone-hit Sri Lanka.
⭐ Deployment of four warships: INS Gharial, LCU 54, LCU 51, LCU 57.
⭐ Delivering 1000 tons of relief supplies to affected regions.
⭐ Highlights India’s role as a trusted first responder in the Indian Ocean Region.

⚡ MINISTRY OF POWER – AT&C LOSS REDUCTION
⭐ National AT&C losses reduced from 21.91% (FY21) to 16.16% (FY25) — a major efficiency improvement.
⭐ Under the Revamped Distribution Sector Scheme (RDSS), projects worth ₹2.83 lakh crore have been approved.
⭐ Target: Bring AT&C losses to 12–15% and eliminate the ACS-ARR gap.
⭐ Focus areas include infrastructure upgrades and prepaid smart metering.

📡 MINISTRY OF POWER – SMART METERING
⭐ 4.76 crore smart meters installed across India under various schemes.
⭐ RDSS has sanctioned 20.33 crore smart meters for nationwide rollout.
⭐ Local manufacturing push: Minimum 60% local content required for smart meters.
⭐ 100% local content made mandatory for Head End System (HES) and Meter Data Management (MDM) systems from 1 January 2025.

🌿 MINISTRY OF POWER – COAL POWER & EMISSION CONTROL
⭐ To cut carbon emissions, the government promotes Supercritical and Ultra-Supercritical power units — 70,190 MW commissioned so far.
⭐ Policy introduced for 5–7% biomass co-firing in coal power plants.
⭐ Includes pellets made from agricultural residue and municipal solid waste (torrefied charcoal) to reduce pollution and support clean energy transition.

💧 MINISTRY OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT – WATER SECURITY (NAGALAND)
⭐ Launch of Mission Watershed PUNARUTTHAN at the State-Level Watershed Mahotsav 2025 in Kohima.
⭐ Mission focuses on restoring water bodies, reviving springs, and rejuvenating degraded land.
⭐ Under PMKSY & Watershed Development, ₹140 crore sanctioned for 14 major projects in Nagaland.
⭐ Achievements include the renovation of 555 water harvesting structures and restoration of 120 springs.
⭐ 90% Central assistance provided to all North Eastern States for such projects.

🚨PIB HIGHLIGHTS, 18TH DECEMBER 2025

🧠🚀 PASSAGE OF THE SHANTI BILL
⭐ Context:
Prime Minister Narendra Modi welcomed the passing of the SHANTI Bill by both Houses of Parliament on December 18, 2025.
⭐ Key Points:
⭐ The bill is described as a “transformational moment” for India’s technology landscape.
⭐ It aims to safely power Artificial Intelligence (AI) while simultaneously enabling green manufacturing.
⭐ The bill is intended to boost a clean-energy future for the country.
⭐ It will create numerous opportunities for the private sector as well as for India’s youth, especially in emerging technology-driven industries.

🤝🌍 INDIA–OMAN COMPREHENSIVE ECONOMIC PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT (CEPA)
⭐ Context:
India and Oman signed a landmark trade agreement during the visit of His Majesty Sultan Haitham bin Tarik to India.
⭐ Key Points:
⭐ Market Access: Oman has offered zero-duty access on 98.08% of its tariff lines, covering 99.38% of India’s exports by value.
⭐ Sectors Benefited: Major gains are expected in textiles, leather, footwear, gems & jewelry, engineering, and pharmaceuticals sectors.
⭐ Services & Mobility:
⭐ The agreement includes commitments in 127 sub-sectors, including Information Technology and Health services.
⭐ It also enhances mobility for Indian professionals, including extended stays for contractual workers.
⭐ Traditional Medicine:
⭐ This CEPA marks the first-ever bilateral commitment by any country on Traditional Medicine, covering all modes of supply.

🛳️🌾📚 OUTCOMES OF THE PRIME MINISTER’S VISIT TO OMAN
⭐ Context:
A series of Memoranda of Understanding (MoUs) and agreements were finalized during the bilateral engagement.
⭐ Key Points:
⭐ Maritime Cooperation:
⭐ A joint vision was established for regional maritime security and the blue economy.
⭐ An MoU on Maritime Heritage was signed to support India’s National Maritime Heritage Complex in Lothal.
⭐ Agriculture Cooperation:
⭐ Both countries agreed to cooperate in advancements in agricultural science and horticulture.
⭐ A special program for millet cultivation was also included, aligning with food security and sustainability goals.
⭐ Higher Education:
⭐ A framework was agreed upon for joint research initiatives.
⭐ It includes exchange of faculty members and scholars between institutions of both nations.

🌿🌏 WHO GLOBAL SUMMIT ON TRADITIONAL MEDICINE
⭐ Context:
On the second day of the summit held in New Delhi, India further strengthened its global leadership in traditional medicine.
⭐ Key Points:
⭐ Bilateral Meetings:
⭐ India conducted bilateral meetings with 16 nations, including Brazil, Malaysia, and Cuba, to advance international cooperation in traditional medicine.
⭐ Ayurveda Collaboration:
⭐ An MoU was signed between India and Cuba to strengthen Ayurveda systems.
⭐ The collaboration will be implemented through the All India Institute of Ayurveda (AIIA).
⭐ Global Strategy Discussions:
⭐ Deliberations focused on the WHO Global Traditional Medicine Strategy 2025–2034.
⭐ The strategy emphasizes evidence-based integration, patient safety, and robust regulatory frameworks.

📡🧪 TELECOM TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT FUND (TTDF) SCHEME
⭐ Context:
Minister of State for Communications, Dr. Pemmasani Chandra Sekhar, provided an update on the progress of the TTDF in the Rajya Sabha.
⭐ Key Points:
⭐ Project Approval:
⭐ Since its launch in 2022, a total of 136 projects worth ₹542.22 crore have been approved.
⭐ Beneficiaries include IITs, NITs, startups, and MSMEs.
⭐ Technological Focus:
⭐ The scheme focuses on cutting-edge technologies such as 5G, 6G, Internet of Things (IoT), Satellite Communication, and Quantum Communication.
⭐ 6G Progress:
⭐ A 6G test bed is being established at SAMEER–Kolkata in collaboration with multiple IITs.
⭐ An indigenous 6G prototype has already been developed under the scheme.
⭐ IPR Generation:
⭐ As of December 2025, projects under TTDF have resulted in 26 patents being filed.
⭐ Additionally, 48 research publications have been produced through these initiatives.

📮🤖 INAUGURATION OF J&K’S FIRST “GEN Z POST OFFICE”
⭐ Context:
The first-ever Gen Z Post Office in Jammu & Kashmir was inaugurated at the AIIMS Vijaypur campus on December 17, 2025.
⭐ Key Points:
⭐ Pioneering Project:
⭐ This is the first AIIMS in India to host a Gen Z Post Office, conceptualized as a youth-centric and technology-enabled hub.
⭐ Modern Services:
⭐ The post office features a contemporary and student-friendly atmosphere.
⭐ It provides digital payment facilities and integrated access to postal, banking, and insurance services under one roof.
⭐ Awareness and Financial Literacy:
⭐ The initiative aims to educate students and healthcare professionals about digital banking services.
⭐ Special emphasis is placed on awareness of India Post Payments Bank (IPPB) services and various postal savings schemes.

🏛️🛠️ CONSERVATION OF CENTRALLY PROTECTED MONUMENTS
⭐ Context:
An update was provided on preservation efforts for India’s 3,685 centrally protected monuments under the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI).
⭐ Key Points:
⭐ Budgetary Allocation:
⭐ A total amount of ₹313.43 crore was allocated for monument conservation during the financial year 2024–25.
⭐ Use of Modern Technology:
⭐ Advanced technologies such as LiDAR mapping, Geographic Information Systems (GIS), and drone-based surveys are being utilized.
⭐ These technologies assist in structural stabilization, monitoring, and restoration activities.
⭐ Public–Private Partnership Initiatives:
⭐ Programs like “Adopt a Heritage 2.0” encourage private sector participation.
⭐ The National Conservation Fund serves as an additional mechanism to raise resources beyond government funding.
⭐ Delisting of Monuments:
⭐ A total of 18 monuments were recently delisted, meaning they ceased to be of national importance.
⭐ This action was carried out through official gazette notifications.

🛡️🤝 INDIA–NETHERLANDS DEFENCE COOPERATION
⭐ Context:
Raksha Mantri Rajnath Singh met Netherlands Foreign Minister David Van Weel in New Delhi on December 18, 2025.
⭐ Key Points:
⭐ Letter of Intent (LoI):
⭐ A Letter of Intent on Defence Cooperation was exchanged between the two nations.
⭐ The LoI aims to enhance military-to-military engagement and co-production in defence technologies.
⭐ Strategic Focus:
⭐ Both countries reaffirmed their commitment to a free, open, and rule-based Indo-Pacific region.
⭐ Defence Industry Collaboration:
⭐ India and the Netherlands plan to develop a Defence Industrial Roadmap.
⭐ The roadmap will focus on technology collaboration, niche defence technologies, and co-development of defence platforms.

🛕🌿 TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN TRIPURA – MATABARI CIRCUIT
⭐ Context:
Union Minister Jyotiraditya Scindia chaired a review meeting on the development of the Matabari Tourism Circuit in Tripura.
⭐ Key Points:
⭐ Tourism Vision:
⭐ The project aims to position Tripura as a global destination for cultural and spiritual tourism.
⭐ Capacity Building:
⭐ Emphasis is placed on training local residents to participate actively in tourism services.
⭐ Historians and subject experts will be involved to institutionalize authentic knowledge for tourist guides.
⭐ Balanced and Sustainable Growth:
⭐ The development strategy focuses on maintaining organic and natural aesthetics.
⭐ It seeks to blend mass tourism with high-end and niche hospitality options.
⭐ Promotion of local Tripura cuisine has been identified as a core priority of the tourism circuit.

🌄🚧 PROGRESS OF THE PM-DEVINE SCHEME
⭐ Context:
A status update was provided on the Prime Minister’s Development Initiative for North East Region (PM-DevINE), launched in October 2022.
⭐ Key Points:
⭐ Investment and Project Sanctioning:
⭐ As of late 2025, 44 projects worth ₹5,728.79 crore have been sanctioned.
⭐ These projects span multiple sectors including healthcare, road infrastructure, and startups.

⭐ Sectoral Highlights:
⭐ Key initiatives include cancer institutes in Arunachal Pradesh.
⭐ Establishment of medical and dental colleges in Assam and Tripura.
⭐ Development of bamboo link roads in Mizoram to enhance rural connectivity.
⭐ Regional Connectivity:
⭐ Under the RCS–UDAN scheme, 90 air routes have been operationalized.
⭐ These routes connect 12 airports and heliports across the North Eastern region.
⭐ Investor Outreach:
⭐ The “Rising Northeast Investors Summit 2025” was organized.
⭐ The summit aimed to attract investment and trade in sectors such as food processing, Information Technology, and tourism.

🛡️📜 AMENDMENT OF INSURANCE LAWS BILL, 2025 – “SABKA BIMA SABKI RAKSHA”
⭐ Context:
The “Sabka Bima Sabki Raksha” Bill was passed by Parliament on December 17, 2025, bringing amendments to major insurance-related legislations in India.
⭐ Key Points:
⭐ 100% FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT (FDI):
⭐ The bill now permits up to 100% FDI in insurance companies, increasing the limit from the earlier 74% cap.
⭐ EASE OF DOING BUSINESS:
⭐ Introduction of one-time licensing for insurance intermediaries.
⭐ The threshold for prior regulatory approval for share capital transfers has been raised from 1% to 5%.
⭐ CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS:
⭐ The Net Owned Fund requirement for Foreign Reinsurance Branches has been substantially reduced.
⭐ The requirement has been lowered from ₹5,000 crore to ₹1,000 crore, improving ease of entry and expansion.
⭐ POLICYHOLDER PROTECTION:
⭐ A dedicated “Policyholders’ Education and Protection Fund” will be established.
⭐ The fund aims to spread awareness, improve financial literacy, and safeguard policyholder interests.
⭐ LIC AUTONOMY:
⭐ The Life Insurance Corporation (LIC) has been granted greater operational autonomy.
⭐ LIC can now open zonal offices independently and align its foreign operations with local laws of host countries.

🏦🌱 UNIFIED BRANDING FOR REGIONAL RURAL BANKS (RRBs)
⭐ Context:
The Ministry of Finance unveiled a new unified logo for all Regional Rural Banks (RRBs) following a large-scale consolidation exercise.
⭐ Key Points:
⭐ #OneRRBOneLogo INITIATIVE:
⭐ In line with the “One State One RRB” principle, 26 RRBs across 11 States/UTs were consolidated with effect from May 2025.
⭐ At present, a total of 28 RRBs are operational across the country.
⭐ LOGO SYMBOLISM:
⭐ The Upward Arrow symbolizes progress and growth.
⭐ Hands represent nurturing and support for rural communities.
⭐ The Flame signifies enlightenment, knowledge, and empowerment.
⭐ COLOR SIGNIFICANCE:
⭐ Dark blue denotes finance, stability, and trust.
⭐ Green reflects life, agriculture, sustainability, and growth in rural India.
⭐ OBJECTIVE:
⭐ To create a distinct, modern, and easily recognizable brand identity.
⭐ The initiative aims to enhance visibility, credibility, and public trust in Regional Rural Banks.

🍱🚜 CHALLENGES AND PROGRESS OF PMFME SCHEME
⭐ Context:
The Ministry of Food Processing Industries provided an update on the Pradhan Mantri Formalisation of Micro Food Processing Enterprises (PMFME) Scheme.
⭐ Key Points:
⭐ OBJECTIVE:
⭐ To support micro-enterprises operating in the informal sector.
⭐ The scheme focuses on improving access to credit, modern technology, and market linkages.
⭐ IMPLEMENTATION MECHANISM:
⭐ The scheme follows a demand-driven approach.
⭐ Key challenges include generation of quality applications and bank sanctioning of loans.
⭐ To address these issues, District Resource Persons (DRPs) have been appointed in all districts.
⭐ INFRASTRUCTURE SUPPORT:
⭐ Out of 76 approved incubation centres, 21 are currently operational.
⭐ Financial support for Common Facility Centres (CFCs) is provided up to 35% of the project cost.
⭐ The maximum financial assistance for CFCs is capped at ₹3 crore.
⭐ TRAINING AND CAPACITY BUILDING:
⭐ Over 779 training modules have been developed.
⭐ These modules support entrepreneurs under the Entrepreneurship Development Program (EDP).

🏅🌍 PRIME MINISTER MODI CONFERRED OMAN’S HIGHEST CIVILIAN HONOR
⭐ Context:
Union Home Minister Amit Shah congratulated Prime Minister Narendra Modi on being awarded “The First Class of the Order of Oman”, the highest civilian honor of Oman.
⭐ Key Points:
⭐ GLOBAL ACCEPTANCE:
⭐ Amit Shah described the honor as a “grand endorsement” of the Prime Minister’s statesmanship.
⭐ It reflects PM Modi’s stature as a globally respected leader.
⭐ NATIONAL PRIDE:
⭐ The award is seen as a recognition of the strength and aspirations of 140 crore Indians.
⭐ It symbolizes India’s emergence as a transformed and confident nation on the global stage.

💧🏘️ SECOND EDITION OF “SUJAL GRAM SAMVAD”
⭐ Context:
The Department of Drinking Water and Sanitation, under the Ministry of Jal Shakti, is set to organize the second edition of “Sujal Gram Samvad”.
⭐ Key Points:
⭐ DIRECT GRASSROOTS INTERACTION:
⭐ The platform enables direct dialogue between the Union Government and rural communities.
⭐ Discussions revolve around the ‘Har Ghar Jal’ initiative under the Jal Jeevan Mission.
⭐ MULTILINGUAL APPROACH:
⭐ Interactions are conducted in regional and local languages.
⭐ This ensures comfortable participation of Sarpanchs, women’s groups, and students, allowing them to share real experiences.
⭐ SCOPE AND COVERAGE:
⭐ The second edition focuses on eight specific states.
⭐ States include Assam, Gujarat, Karnataka, and Jammu & Kashmir, among others.
⭐ Specialized officials proficient in local dialects have been mapped to facilitate smooth and effective communication.

☀️💧 SOLAR-BASED WATER SCHEMES UNDER JAL JEEVAN MISSION
⭐ Context:
The Government of India is supplementing State-led efforts to provide safe and potable drinking water to rural households by integrating renewable energy sources, particularly solar power, into water supply schemes.
⭐ Key Points:
⭐ Progress Achieved:
⭐ As of December 16, 2025, more than 15.76 crore rural households, accounting for 81.42% coverage, have been provided with functional household tap connections.
⭐ These connections span across 5.82 lakh villages throughout the country.
⭐ Solar Integration Measures:
⭐ Provision of standalone solar-powered water supply systems in isolated, tribal, and hilly areas where grid electricity is unreliable or unavailable.
⭐ Deployment of solar-powered pumping arrangements for single-village as well as multi-village water supply schemes.
⭐ Monitoring and Implementation:
⭐ A multi-level monitoring mechanism has been put in place to ensure effective implementation.
⭐ This includes geo-tagging of assets, third-party inspections, and real-time digital dashboards.
⭐ These dashboards are linked with the eGramSwaraj platform for transparency and accountability.
⭐ 100% Coverage Status:
⭐ More than 2.69 lakh villages have been officially reported as ‘Har Ghar Jal’ villages, meaning 100% tap water connectivity has been achieved.

📈💰 EXTENSION AND FUNDING OF JAL JEEVAN MISSION (JJM)
⭐ Context:
A status update was provided on the financial framework, utilization of funds, and future roadmap of the Jal Jeevan Mission.
⭐ Key Points:
⭐ Mission Extension:
⭐ The Union Finance Minister, in the Union Budget 2025–26, announced that the Jal Jeevan Mission will be extended until 2028.
⭐ The extension will be accompanied by an enhanced financial outlay to ensure full coverage and sustainability.
⭐ Original Financial Outlay:
⭐ The mission was originally approved with a total cost of ₹3.60 lakh crore.
⭐ Out of this, the Central Government’s share was ₹2.08 lakh crore.
⭐ Budget Utilization Status:
⭐ Almost the entire initial Central share has already been utilized.
⭐ This high level of utilization has made it necessary to propose a continuation of the mission with increased funding to achieve complete saturation of tap water connections.

🌱🚰 SUSTAINABILITY AND GROUNDWATER REGULATION IN JJM
⭐ Context:
Specific measures are being adopted to ensure the long-term sustainability of water sources used for household tap water connections under the Jal Jeevan Mission.
⭐ Key Points:
⭐ Source Verification Process:
⭐ Water supply schemes are approved only after a “Source Finding Committee” verifies the availability of water.
⭐ The committee ensures that the identified source has adequate yield for the entire design life of the scheme.
⭐ Groundwater Resource Management:
⭐ States have been advised to formulate groundwater regulation policies.
⭐ These policies aim to restrict groundwater extraction to replenishable limits.
⭐ Excessive groundwater use for industrial and agricultural purposes is discouraged to preserve drinking water sources.
⭐ Infrastructure Focus:
⭐ Emphasis is placed on bulk water transfer systems.
⭐ Development of water treatment infrastructure for drought-prone and water-deficient regions is a key priority.

📺📻 MODERNIZATION OF DOORDARSHAN AND AKASHVANI – BIND SCHEME
⭐ Context:
The Government of India is investing ₹2,539.61 crore to modernize and upgrade public broadcasting infrastructure across the country.
⭐ Key Points:
⭐ BIND Scheme Overview:
⭐ The Broadcasting Infrastructure and Network Development (BIND) Scheme (2021–26) focuses on:
⭐ Digitalization of broadcasting systems.
⭐ Replacement of outdated and legacy infrastructure.
⭐ Expansion of broadcasting coverage to underserved areas.
⭐ Launch of New Platforms:
⭐ Introduction of the “WAVES” OTT platform to cater to digital audiences.
⭐ Several Doordarshan channels have been upgraded to High Definition (HD) telecasting to remain competitive in the evolving media ecosystem.
⭐ Content Reforms:
⭐ A new Content Sourcing Policy (2024) has been introduced.
⭐ The policy allows faster acquisition of programmes.
⭐ Revision of artist remuneration rates has been undertaken to attract better talent and higher-quality content.
⭐ Revenue Generation:
⭐ Between 2022 and 2025, Akashvani and Doordarshan earned a total of ₹587.78 crore through non-government advertisements.

📡🇮🇳 EXPANSION OF AKASHVANI’S NATIONWIDE OUTREACH
⭐ Context:
An update was provided on the operational reach and broadcasting capacity of Akashvani, India’s public radio broadcaster.
⭐ Key Points:
⭐ Network Size:
⭐ Akashvani currently operates 591 broadcasting stations across the country.
⭐ Production vs. Relay Stations:
⭐ 230 stations are equipped with full studio facilities capable of producing original programming.
⭐ 361 stations function as relay stations, enabling the extension of broadcasts to wider geographical areas.
⭐ Efficient Resource Utilization:
⭐ Relay stations, such as the 100-watt FM station at Bhilwara, help extend services like Vividh Bharati.
⭐ This approach ensures maximum outreach while optimizing human and technical resources.
⭐ Local Content and Cultural Relevance:
⭐ Stations like Akashvani Udaipur create original programs under “local windows”.
⭐ This ensures content reflects regional languages, culture, and audience preferences.

👷‍♂️🇮🇳 PRADHAN MANTRI VIKSIT BHARAT ROJGAR YOJANA (PMVBRY)
⭐ Objective:
The Pradhan Mantri Viksit Bharat Rojgar Yojana (PMVBRY) is a large-scale Employment Linked Incentive (ELI) scheme aimed at generating over 3.5 crore jobs within a period of two years, from August 2025 to July 2027.
⭐ Budget Allocation:
⭐ A total budgetary allocation of ₹99,446 crore has been earmarked for the implementation of this scheme.
⭐ Key Benefits:
⭐ Part A – Benefits for Employees:
⭐ First-time employees will receive an incentive equivalent to one month’s EPF wage.
⭐ The incentive is capped at a maximum of ₹15,000.
⭐ The amount will be disbursed in two installments, the first after 6 months of continuous employment and the second after 12 months of service.

⭐ Part B – Benefits for Employers:
⭐ Employers are incentivized for net new job creation.
⭐ They will receive up to ₹3,000 per month for each additional employee.
⭐ The incentive applies only if the employee is retained for a minimum period of 6 months.
⭐ Scope and Coverage:
⭐ While the scheme places special emphasis on the manufacturing sector, it covers all sectors of the economy.
⭐ This includes MSMEs, services, and rural enterprises, ensuring wide-based employment generation.

⚖️📜 IMPLEMENTATION OF NEW LABOUR CODES
⭐ Context:
Four comprehensive Labour Codes came into force on November 21, 2025, replacing multiple older labour laws to streamline labour governance.
⭐ Key Points:
⭐ Four Labour Codes Enforced:
⭐ Code on Wages.
⭐ Code on Industrial Relations.
⭐ Code on Social Security.
⭐ Code on Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions.
⭐ Expanded Social Security Coverage:
⭐ The Social Security Code now covers unorganized workers, gig workers, and platform workers.
⭐ ESIC and EPFO Expansion:
⭐ ESIC coverage has been extended pan-India, including to hazardous units employing just one worker.
⭐ EPFO applicability now extends to all establishments employing 20 or more workers.
⭐ Wage Reforms:
⭐ Introduction of a statutory “Floor Wage”, below which minimum wages cannot be fixed.
⭐ The Code mandates gender neutrality in wage payments, ensuring equal pay for equal work.
⭐ Migrant Worker Protection:
⭐ The definition of migrant workers has been expanded to include self-migrated workers.
⭐ Eligible workers will receive lump-sum travel allowances.
⭐ The reforms ensure portability of social security benefits across States.

🤖⚖️ AI-BASED JUDICIAL REFORMS – E-COURTS PROJECT PHASE III
⭐ Context:
The judiciary is integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning (ML), and Natural Language Processing (NLP) to enhance efficiency, transparency, and speed under e-Courts Project Phase III.
⭐ Key Points:
⭐ Key AI Tools Introduced:
⭐ LegRAA: An AI-powered tool designed for legal research and in-depth document analysis to assist judges.
⭐ Digital Courts 2.1: Enables voice-to-text dictation using “Shruti” and real-time translation through “Panini” for judgment writing.
⭐ SUPACE: Helps judges in understanding factual matrices of cases and identifying relevant judicial precedents.
⭐ Digital Infrastructure and Statistics:
⭐ 99.5% of court complexes are now connected through a Wide Area Network (WAN).
⭐ More than 3.81 crore online hearings have been conducted using video conferencing facilities across the country.

🏗️👥 INFRASTRUCTURE FOR UNORGANIZED SECTOR WORKERS
⭐ Context:
The Government is focusing on creating dedicated physical, digital, and social infrastructure to support the unorganized workforce.
⭐ Key Points:
⭐ Social Security Fund:
⭐ A dedicated Social Security Fund has been created under the Social Security Code.
⭐ The fund will finance welfare schemes for unorganized workers, gig workers, and platform workers.
⭐ Digital Integration:
⭐ The e-Shram portal is being used to map unorganized sector workers.
⭐ It enables targeted delivery of benefits such as health insurance, old-age protection, and credit facilities.

🌪️🏘️ DISASTER RISK REDUCTION IN GRAM PANCHAYATS
⭐ Context / Project Overview:
A national-level project has been launched to strengthen community-based disaster risk reduction, with a financial outlay of ₹507.37 crore.
⭐ Key Points:
⭐ Model Gram Panchayats:
⭐ 20 States will each develop Model Gram Panchayats.
⭐ These model villages will demonstrate resilience against flash floods, landslides, cyclones, and droughts.
⭐ Geographical Scope:
⭐ The project covers 81 disaster-prone districts across the country.
⭐ Institutional Focus:
⭐ The objective is to make Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) the backbone of local disaster management systems.
⭐ Technology Integration:
⭐ eGramSwaraj and Gram Manchitra platforms are being utilized.
⭐ Disaster risk reduction planning is being integrated into local development plans and budgets.

🏛️🧠 BHARAT CPSES’ CONSULTATIVE CONCLAVE – MISSION KARMAYOGI
⭐ Objective:
The Bharat CPSEs’ Consultative Conclave was organized with the objective of developing a “CPSE Capacity Building Roadmap” aligned with Mission Karmayogi, to prepare Central Public Sector Enterprises (CPSEs) for the vision of Viksit Bharat @2047.
⭐ Key Themes of the Conclave:
⭐ Focus on de-siloization of governance, ensuring greater coordination and reduced fragmentation across departments.
⭐ Emphasis on leadership development to nurture future-ready leaders within CPSEs.
⭐ Stress on structured succession planning to ensure continuity and institutional stability.
⭐ DAKSH FRAMEWORK INTRODUCED:
⭐ A structured human resource reform model named DAKSH was unveiled.
⭐ DAKSH stands for Development of Aspiration, Knowledge, Succession, and Harmony.
⭐ The framework aims to reform HR systems in CPSEs by aligning individual capability building with organizational goals.
⭐ Future Thematic Events:
⭐ Upcoming conclaves will focus on specialized domains including:
⭐ Financial Management excellence.
⭐ Research & Development (R&D) and Technology advancement.
⭐ Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and Environmental, Social & Governance (ESG) sustainability.
⭐ Engineering and Project Management excellence.

⚡🌱 INDIA’S POWER GENERATION LANDMARK – 50% NON-FOSSIL FUEL CAPACITY
⭐ Achievement:
⭐ In June 2025, India achieved a major milestone where non-fossil fuel sources contributed more than 50% of the country’s total installed power capacity.
⭐ India’s total installed power capacity stands at approximately 505 GW.
⭐ Composition of Power Capacity:
⭐ As of October 2025, non-fossil fuel sources including Solar, Wind, Nuclear, and Hydro together account for approximately 51.4% of the total installed capacity.
⭐ Nuclear Power Ambition:
⭐ The Government has set an ambitious target of achieving 100 GW of nuclear power capacity by 2047.
⭐ This objective is supported by the SHANTI Bill, 2025.
⭐ A dedicated Nuclear Energy Mission has also been announced to drive this expansion.
⭐ Support for Renewable Energy:
⭐ Waiver of Inter-State Transmission System (ISTS) charges for wind and solar power projects.
⭐ Implementation of the National Green Hydrogen Mission to decarbonize hard-to-abate sectors.
⭐ Introduction of Viability Gap Funding (VGF) for offshore wind projects and Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) to enhance grid stability.

🛡️🇮🇳 ATMANIRBHARTA (SELF-RELIANCE) IN DEFENCE
⭐ Record Growth in Defence Sector:
⭐ India’s defence production reached an all-time high of ₹1.54 lakh crore in FY 2024–25.
⭐ Defence exports surged to a record ₹23,622 crore, with Indian defence products exported to around 80 countries worldwide.
⭐ MISSION SUDARSHAN CHAKRA:
⭐ The mission was announced to strengthen offensive and protective security shields.
⭐ It focuses on securing public spaces and critical infrastructure across the country.
⭐ The target year for full implementation is 2035.
⭐ INDIGENIZATION DRIVE:
⭐ Over 3,000 defence items have been indigenized from the “Positive Indigenization Lists”.
⭐ 75% of the defence modernization budget is now earmarked exclusively for domestic procurement.
⭐ Future Targets:
⭐ The Government aims to achieve ₹3 lakh crore in defence production by 2029.
⭐ Defence export targets are set at ₹50,000 crore by 2029.

🧫🌊 MICROBES IN SPONGES FOR METAL POLLUTION CLEANUP
⭐ Scientific Discovery:
⭐ Scientists at the Bose Institute discovered that freshwater sponges in the Sundarban delta act as “nature’s water purifiers.”
⭐ Bioremediation Potential:
⭐ These sponges, along with their associated microbial communities, can absorb and detoxify toxic heavy metals.
⭐ Target pollutants include arsenic, lead, and cadmium, which pose serious risks to ecosystems and human health.
⭐ Role as Bioindicators:
⭐ The findings reinforce the role of these sponges as effective bioindicators.
⭐ They can be used to monitor water quality and pollution levels in estuarine and freshwater ecosystems.

🧬🔬 SCIENTIFIC BREAKTHROUGH IN CELLULAR CLEANUP – AUTOPHAGY
⭐ Research Discovery:
⭐ Scientists at the Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR) identified a “missing link” in the cellular waste clearance process known as autophagy.
⭐ Mechanism Explained:
⭐ The study highlights the role of the exocyst complex, which consists of eight proteins.
⭐ These proteins are essential for the formation of autophagosomes, the cellular structures that act like “trash bags” to collect waste.
⭐ When these proteins are absent, the autophagosome factory fails, leading to the accumulation of cellular junk.
⭐ Medical and Therapeutic Impact:
⭐ Proper functioning of autophagy is critical for cellular health.
⭐ Defects in this process are linked to neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease.
⭐ The discovery also has implications for cancer research and therapy development.

⚓🏙️ WORLD-CLASS MUMBAI MARINA PROJECT – “VIKSIT BHARAT MUMBAI MARINA”
⭐ Project Overview:
⭐ The project titled “Viksit Bharat Mumbai Marina” will be developed in Mumbai Harbour.
⭐ It will span 12 hectares of water area, positioning Mumbai as a premium maritime destination.
⭐ Capacity and Infrastructure:
⭐ The marina will provide berthing facilities for 424 yachts.
⭐ It is designed to accommodate yachts up to 30 meters in length.
⭐ Funding Model:
⭐ The project follows a hybrid Public–Private Partnership model.
⭐ The Mumbai Port Authority will invest ₹470 crore towards core marine infrastructure.
⭐ A private operator will invest ₹417 crore to develop onshore facilities.
⭐ Economic Impact and Facilities:
⭐ The project is expected to generate over 2,000 direct and indirect jobs.
⭐ It aims to establish Mumbai as a global hub for maritime tourism.
⭐ Onshore facilities will include:
⭐ Namo Bharat International Sailing School.
⭐ A hotel.
⭐ A clubhouse and allied recreational infrastructure.

🏭🌍 BHARAT STEEL 2026 – GLOBAL PARTNERSHIP OUTREACH
⭐ Event Overview:
⭐ Union Minister H.D. Kumaraswamy invited global ambassadors and international stakeholders to participate in Bharat Steel 2026.
⭐ The flagship international steel conference is scheduled for April 2026.
⭐ The venue for the event is Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi.
⭐ Vision for India’s Steel Sector:
⭐ India is currently the world’s second-largest steel producer.
⭐ The Government has set a target of achieving 300 million tonnes of steel capacity by 2030.
⭐ A longer-term vision aims for 500 million tonnes of steel capacity by 2047.
⭐ Key Themes of the Conference:
⭐ Focus on Green Steel and sustainable steelmaking technologies.
⭐ Emphasis on digitalization of mining operations.
⭐ Introduction of “Reverse Buyer–Seller Meets” to deepen India’s integration into the global steel value chain.

🗺️🏛️ ICONIC TOURIST CENTRES – ₹3,295.76 CRORE SANCTIONED
⭐ Scheme and Sanctions:
⭐ Under the Special Assistance to States for Capital Investment (SASCI) scheme, the Ministry of Tourism has sanctioned 40 tourism development projects.
⭐ The total sanctioned amount stands at ₹3,295.76 crore.
⭐ Objective:
⭐ The initiative aims to develop iconic tourist centres across India to global standards.
⭐ A strong focus is placed on comprehensive branding, promotion, and marketing of these destinations.
⭐ Selection Criteria and Monitoring:
⭐ Projects were selected based on:
⭐ Connectivity and accessibility.
⭐ Sustainability and environmental safeguards.
⭐ Carrying capacity and visitor management.
⭐ The Ministry of Tourism is regularly reviewing progress to ensure time-bound and quality completion.

🌾🏘️ PM-JANMAN PROGRESS – KERALA AND PAN-INDIA
⭐ Target Group and Objective:
⭐ The PM-JANMAN initiative focuses on the socio-economic development of 75 Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) across the country.

⭐ Kerala-Specific Progress:
⭐ In Kerala, 965 houses have been sanctioned.
⭐ Out of these, 11 houses have been completed.
⭐ 24 Mobile Medical Units (MMUs) have been operationalized.
⭐ 313 tribal households have been provided electricity connections.
⭐ National-Level Achievements:
⭐ Across India, 2.38 lakh pucca houses have been completed under the scheme.
⭐ A total of 694 Mobile Medical Units (MMUs) are operational nationwide.
⭐ 7,712 villages have achieved 100% saturation of piped water supply.
⭐ Monitoring and Digital Tracking:
⭐ Progress is monitored using the PM GatiShakti portal.
⭐ Tribal habitations are identified and tracked through a mobile application to effectively bridge infrastructure and service delivery gaps.

🌱💼 SCHEMES FOR ST ENTREPRENEURS AND ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT
⭐ Institutional Support:
⭐ TRIFED (Tribal Cooperative Marketing Development Federation) and NSTFDC (National Scheduled Tribes Finance and Development Corporation) are leading efforts to promote tribal entrepreneurship.
⭐ Van Dhan Vikas Kendras (VDVKs):
⭐ A total of 4,105 VDVKs have been sanctioned.
⭐ These VDVKs collectively associate 12.27 lakh tribal members.
⭐ The initiative focuses on value addition, processing, and marketing of Minor Forest Produce (MFP).
⭐ Financial Assistance Schemes:
⭐ Adivasi Mahila Sashaktikaran Yojana (AMSY):
⭐ Provides loans up to ₹2 lakh.
⭐ Interest rate is fixed at 4%.
⭐ The scheme is exclusively for tribal women entrepreneurs.
⭐ Term Loan Assistance:
⭐ Financial assistance is available for projects costing up to ₹50 lakh.
⭐ Venture Capital Fund for STs (VCF-ST):
⭐ Provides concessional finance to ST-led startups.
⭐ Beneficiary examples include Hemal Food Product and Harleys India.
⭐ Education Support:
⭐ The Adivasi Shiksha Rrinn Yojana offers education loans up to ₹10 lakh.
⭐ Loans are provided at a concessional interest rate of 6% for professional courses.

🌍 NATIONAL OVERSEAS SCHOLARSHIP (NOS) FOR TRIBAL STUDENTS
⭐ PURPOSE: Financial assistance to Scheduled Tribe (ST) students for higher studies abroad
⭐ BENEFICIARIES: 20 ST students every year
⭐ COURSES COVERED: Master’s, Ph.D., Post-Doctoral
⭐ ELIGIBILITY: Parental annual income below ₹6 lakh
⭐ EXPENSES COVERED: Tuition fees, visa fees, maintenance allowance, medical insurance, economy airfare
⭐ BUDGET (2024–25): ₹6.00 crore
⭐ PAYMENT MODE: Paid by Indian Missions abroad and reimbursed by the Ministry

🛖 TRIBAL VILLAGE VISION–2030 (ADI KARMAYOGI ABHIYAN)
⭐ GRAM SABHAS: 62,187 Gram Sabhas conducted
⭐ PLANNING TOOL: Village Action Plans (VAPs) uploaded
⭐ IMPLEMENTATION NETWORK: 6.79 lakh Adi Saathis
⭐ SERVICE CENTRES: 56,422 Adi Seva Kendras
⭐ COVERAGE: 30 States/UTs
⭐ FOCUS AREAS: Education, health, irrigation, digital inclusion
⭐ APPROACH: Bottom-up, community-driven development

📦 INDIA’S EXPORT GROWTH AND TRADE AGREEMENTS
⭐ EXPORT VALUE (NOV 2025): USD 73.99 billion
⭐ GROWTH RATE: 15.52% year-on-year
⭐ TRADE DEFICIT: Reduced by 61.07%
⭐ HIGH-GROWTH SECTORS:
⭐ Gems & Jewellery – 27.8%
⭐ Drugs & Pharmaceuticals – 20.19%
⭐ Engineering Goods
⭐ MAJOR FTAs: India–Oman CEPA (98% tariff lines duty-free), UK, EFTA, UAE, Australia
⭐ STRATEGY: Export diversification and “Districts as Export Hubs”
⭐ DISTRICTS IDENTIFIED: 734

🏗️ VIKSIT BHARAT – G RAM G BILL, 2025 (MGNREGA OVERHAUL)
⭐ REPLACEMENT: MGNREGA replaced with new statutory framework
⭐ EMPLOYMENT GUARANTEE: Increased from 100 to 125 days
⭐ PAUSE PERIOD: 60-day no-work period during peak agricultural seasons
⭐ PRIORITY AREAS:
⭐ Water security
⭐ Core rural infrastructure
⭐ Livelihood infrastructure
⭐ Climate resilience
⭐ FUNDING PATTERN: 60:40 (Centre–State), 90:10 for NE/Himalayan States
⭐ ANNUAL REQUIREMENT: ₹1.51 lakh crore

✈️ CCI INVESTIGATION INTO INDIGO FLIGHT DISRUPTIONS
⭐ REGULATOR: Competition Commission of India (CCI)
⭐ ISSUE: Widespread flight disruptions across routes
⭐ LEGAL BASIS: Competition Act, 2002
⭐ STATUS: Preliminary assessment completed
⭐ ACTION: Formal investigation initiated