Indian State of Forest Report (ISFR)

Definition :- ISFR is a biennial report that provides a detailed assessment of India’s forest and tree cover, including forest density, types, carbon stock, and related parameters.

First Release :- The first ISFR was released in 1987.

Publishing Authority :- The report is prepared and released by the Forest Survey of India (FSI), an organization under MoEFCC, Government of India.

Latest Release :- The most recent edition is the ISFR 2023. MoEFCC released the 18th India State of Forest Report 2023 .

Forest Cover :- 21.76%
Tree Cover :- 3.41%
Total Forest and Tree Cover :- 25.17%

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World Rhino Day – 22 September

First celebrated: 2010 Started by: World Wildlife Fund (WWF) – South Africa
Purpose: To raise awareness and unite people across the world for the protection of all

five rhino species – 1. Black Rhino 2. White Rhino 3. Greater One-horned Rhino 4. Javan Rhino 5. Sumatran Rhino

Importance :- Rhinos are called “umbrella species” because protecting them also protects other wildlife sharing their habitat.
Biggest threats: Poaching for horns, illegal wildlife trade, and habitat loss.

Good news: In India & Nepal, the Greater One-horned Rhino population has increased due to strong conservation efforts.
Population Growth :- Rhino population growth in Assam from the 1960s (600 rhinos) to 2024 (over 4,000 rhinos).

Two wetlands from Bihar — Gokul Jalashaya in Buxar and Udaipur Jheel in West Champaran — have received the Ramsar tag, Union environment minister Bhupender Yadav announced on Friday

This brings the total to 93 Ramsar Sites, spanning 13,60,719 hectares, underscoring India’s resolve to safeguard its rich wetland ecosystems for biodiversity, climate resilience, and sustainable livelihoods.

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Classification of forest tree species on the basis of frost Resistance.

Source :- Compendium on forestry.

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𝐈𝐧𝐝𝐢𝐚 𝐑𝐢𝐬𝐞𝐬 𝐭𝐨 9𝐭𝐡 𝐏𝐨𝐬𝐢𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐆𝐥𝐨𝐛𝐚𝐥𝐥𝐲 𝐢𝐧 𝐓𝐨𝐭𝐚𝐥 𝐅𝐨𝐫𝐞𝐬𝐭 𝐀𝐫𝐞𝐚 🌳

India has achieved a remarkable milestone in global environmental conservation by moving up to the 9𝐭𝐡 𝐩𝐨𝐬𝐢𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 in terms of total forest area worldwide and retaining its 3𝐫𝐝 rank globally in annual forest area gain, as revealed in the 𝐆𝐥𝐨𝐛𝐚𝐥 𝐅𝐨𝐫𝐞𝐬𝐭 𝐑𝐞𝐬𝐨𝐮𝐫𝐜𝐞𝐬 𝐀𝐬𝐬𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭 2025 released by the 𝐅𝐨𝐨𝐝 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐀𝐠𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐮𝐥𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐎𝐫𝐠𝐚𝐧𝐢𝐬𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 (𝐅𝐀𝐎) in 𝐁𝐚𝐥𝐢, 𝐈𝐧𝐝𝐨𝐧𝐞𝐬𝐢𝐚.

Union Environment Minister 𝐁𝐡𝐮𝐩𝐞𝐧𝐝𝐞𝐫 𝐘𝐚𝐝𝐚𝐯 highlighted that this marks an improvement from India’s 10𝐭𝐡 𝐩𝐨𝐬𝐢𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 in the previous assessment, underscoring the nation’s consistent efforts towards forest conservation and sustainable management. 🌿

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Classification of Plants Based on Temperature

1. The plants growing in high temperature throughout the year called- Megatherms

2. The plants growing in alternate high and low temperature called- Mesotherms

3. The plants growing in low temperature throughout the year called- Microtherms

4. The plants growing in very low temperature throughout the year- Hekistotherms

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Kerala has become the first state to pass a bill amending the Central Wildlife Protection Act, 1972, called the Wildlife Protection (Kerala Amendment) Act, 2025.

The amendment, passed on October 8, 2025, aims to address increasing human-animal conflicts and empowers the Chief Wildlife Warden to order the shooting, tranquilizing, capturing, or translocation of animals that attack humans or stray into settlements.

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Wildlife

1. A group of tigers is called- Ambush

2. A group of lions is called- Pride

3. Group of camels is called- Caravan

4. The young one of the tiger is called- Calf

5. Young ones of deer is called- Fawn

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Every year 4th December is marked as International Cheetah Day since 2010. The day is dedicated to emphasizing global efforts to prevent the cheetah's extinction and promote its conservation.

They are the world’s fastest land mammals, found in parts of Africa and Asia. Namibia has the world's largest population of cheetahs.

Under the Cheetah Reintroduction Project, cheetahs were translocated to India from Namibia and South Africa in 2022 and 2023.

International Cheetah Day https://share.google/mUbWpUlhuufl3SzKY

One Year of Project Cheetah https://share.google/5hJa3gJ6MLiF1oxKH

Link Credit :- Drishti IAS

Siliserh Lake in Alwar, Rajasthan, and Kopra Jalashay near Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh have been designated as new Ramsar Sites. This recognition strengthens India's efforts in wetland conservation, protection of biodiversity, and support for sustainable livelihoods.

With these additions, India now has 96 Ramsar Sites, up from 26 in 2014.

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Forest Trees – One-Liner Notes

God fruit tree – Aegle marmelos (Bael; sacred medicinal tree)

Chironji tree – Buchanania lanzan (Edible seeds)

Forest flame tree – Butea monosperma (Orange-Red flowers)

Indian laburnum – Cassia fistula (Golden shower tree)

Beef wood – Casuarina equisetifolia (Hard coastal timber)

Sago palm – Cycas revoluta (Gymnosperm ornamental)

Rosewood – Dalbergia latifolia (High-value timber)

Malabar wood – Hopea parviflora (Evergreen forest timber)

Indian elm – Ulmus wallichiana (Temperate Himalayan tree)

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The National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) has introduced India's first red "table-top" road surfaces on the Bhopal-Jabalpur section of NH-45 in Madhya Pradesh to enhance wildlife safety. These 5 mm raised red, chequered markings act as a visual and tactile deterrent, forcing motorists to reduce speed through the Nauradehi Wildlife Sanctuary.

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India has added two new Ramsar sites — Patna Bird Sanctuary (Uttar Pradesh) and Chhari-Dhand Wetland (Gujarat) — taking the total number of Ramsar wetlands in the country to 98, strengthening India’s commitment to wetland conservation under the Ramsar Convention. 🌿💧

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Difference between Forest Soil & Cultivation Soil (Indian forestry)

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National Agroforestry Day :- 8 May
Agroforestry System around the Globe

:- Father of Agroforestry:  P. K. Ramachandran Nair.

:- Attributes of Agroforestry: Productivity, Sustainability, and Adoptability

:- Agroforestry system can be categorized on the basis of four criteria: - Structural, Functional, Socio-economic, and Ecological basis.

:- The first seminar on Agroforestry by ICAR at Imphal during 1979.

:-India is the first country in the world to adopt a comprehensive agroforestry policy. 

:- The National Agroforestry Policy (NAP) was launched by the President of India in February 2014 at the World Agroforestry Congress. 

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🐘 𝗪𝗼𝗿𝗹𝗱 𝗘𝗹𝗲𝗽𝗵𝗮𝗻𝘁 𝗗𝗮𝘆 🌏

National heritage animal of the India. - 2010 Ecosystem Engineers

Population: Around 22,000 in India

Elephant Census: Every 5 years 📊

Elephant Reserves: 33 🏞️

Project Elephant: 1992 🐾

Hathi Mera Sathi Campaign :- 2011

MIKE Programme: 2003 🔍

Let’s protect our gentle giants! 💚

More information:- https://www.instagram.com/p/DNPW1N7TuP_/?img_index=11&igsh=MWszOWxieHc2dThuag==