🗞 Daily Current Affairs
📅 2026-02-19 • 15 Important News Items
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📖 For complete details and extensive coverage:
examrobot.com/current-affairs-carta
📅 2026-02-19 • 15 Important News Items
━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━
📖 For complete details and extensive coverage:
examrobot.com/current-affairs-carta
🏛 Polity & Governance • 2026-02-19 • 1/15
🔥 Supreme Court to Revisit Sabarimala Temple Entry Case
The Supreme Court is set to revisit the Sabarimala Temple Entry Case, with a 9-judge constitutional bench scheduled to begin hearing the review petition from April 7, 2026. The case challenges the ban on women aged 10–50 entering the Sabarimala temple. The original petition argued that Rule 3(b) of the Kerala Hindu Places of Public Worship Rules, 1965 violated constitutional guarantees of equality (Articles 14 and 15), religious freedom (Article 25), and the duty to renounce practices derogatory to women (Article 51A(e)).
📌 KEY POINTS
▸ Case originally moved to Supreme Court in 2006 by the Indian Young Lawyers Association
▸ Challenges Rule 3(b) of the Kerala Hindu Places of Public Worship Rules, 1965
▸ Violates Articles 14, 15, 25, and 51A(e) of the Constitution
▸ 9-judge constitutional bench to begin hearing from April 7, 2026
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📢 @examrobot_upsc
🔥 Supreme Court to Revisit Sabarimala Temple Entry Case
The Supreme Court is set to revisit the Sabarimala Temple Entry Case, with a 9-judge constitutional bench scheduled to begin hearing the review petition from April 7, 2026. The case challenges the ban on women aged 10–50 entering the Sabarimala temple. The original petition argued that Rule 3(b) of the Kerala Hindu Places of Public Worship Rules, 1965 violated constitutional guarantees of equality (Articles 14 and 15), religious freedom (Article 25), and the duty to renounce practices derogatory to women (Article 51A(e)).
🎯 UPSC Exam Angle
SC to revisit Sabarimala Temple Entry Case.
📌 KEY POINTS
▸ Case originally moved to Supreme Court in 2006 by the Indian Young Lawyers Association
▸ Challenges Rule 3(b) of the Kerala Hindu Places of Public Worship Rules, 1965
▸ Violates Articles 14, 15, 25, and 51A(e) of the Constitution
▸ 9-judge constitutional bench to begin hearing from April 7, 2026
────────────────────────
📢 @examrobot_upsc
❤1
🔬 Science & Tech • 2026-02-19 • 2/15
🔥 DRDO Conducts Gaganyaan Drogue Parachute Test
The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) successfully conducted a qualification-level load test of the Gaganyaan drogue parachute at its Rail Track Rocket Sled (RTRS) facility in Chandigarh. The test, carried out at the Terminal Ballistics Research Laboratory (TBRL), simulated loads higher than expected during actual flight, ensuring the parachute's design has an additional safety margin. This test is a crucial step for the Gaganyaan mission, which aims to send a three-member crew into Low-Earth Orbit (LEO) for three days.
📌 KEY POINTS
▸ DRDO conducted a qualification-level load test of the Gaganyaan drogue parachute.
▸ The test was performed at the Rail Track Rocket Sled (RTRS) facility in Chandigarh.
▸ The test simulated loads exceeding maximum expected flight loads.
▸ The drogue parachute is a vital component for stabilizing the crew module during descent.
▸ The Gaganyaan mission aims to send a three-member crew to a Low-Earth Orbit (LEO) for three days.
────────────────────────
📢 @examrobot_upsc
🔥 DRDO Conducts Gaganyaan Drogue Parachute Test
The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) successfully conducted a qualification-level load test of the Gaganyaan drogue parachute at its Rail Track Rocket Sled (RTRS) facility in Chandigarh. The test, carried out at the Terminal Ballistics Research Laboratory (TBRL), simulated loads higher than expected during actual flight, ensuring the parachute's design has an additional safety margin. This test is a crucial step for the Gaganyaan mission, which aims to send a three-member crew into Low-Earth Orbit (LEO) for three days.
🎯 UPSC Exam Angle
DRDO Conducts Gaganyaan Drogue Parachute Test.
📌 KEY POINTS
▸ DRDO conducted a qualification-level load test of the Gaganyaan drogue parachute.
▸ The test was performed at the Rail Track Rocket Sled (RTRS) facility in Chandigarh.
▸ The test simulated loads exceeding maximum expected flight loads.
▸ The drogue parachute is a vital component for stabilizing the crew module during descent.
▸ The Gaganyaan mission aims to send a three-member crew to a Low-Earth Orbit (LEO) for three days.
────────────────────────
📢 @examrobot_upsc
❤1
🏛 Polity & Governance • 2026-02-19 • 3/15
🔥 Supreme Court to Hear CAA Petitions in May 2026
The Supreme Court of India will begin hearing over 250 petitions challenging the constitutional validity of the Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA) 2019 and its associated rules from May 5, 2026, continuing until May 12, 2026. Petitioners argue the CAA, which expedites citizenship for non-Muslim migrants from Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Bangladesh who entered India before December 31, 2014, violates the constitution's secular principles. The court's decision will significantly impact citizenship rights and India's social fabric.
📌 KEY POINTS
▸ Hearing on the constitutional validity of the Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA) set for May 5, 2026.
▸ Hearings will continue until May 12, 2026.
▸ The Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA) was introduced in 2019.
▸ The CAA allows expedited citizenship for non-Muslim migrants from Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Bangladesh who entered India before December 31, 2014.
▸ Chief Justice of India, Surya Kant, presided over the session.
▸ The Supreme Court last reviewed the CAA in March 2024.
▸ Petitioners assert that the law violates the Right to Equality and the principles of secularism.
▸ Senior advocate Indira Jaising proposed that cases related to Assam be heard separately.
────────────────────────
📢 @examrobot_upsc
🔥 Supreme Court to Hear CAA Petitions in May 2026
The Supreme Court of India will begin hearing over 250 petitions challenging the constitutional validity of the Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA) 2019 and its associated rules from May 5, 2026, continuing until May 12, 2026. Petitioners argue the CAA, which expedites citizenship for non-Muslim migrants from Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Bangladesh who entered India before December 31, 2014, violates the constitution's secular principles. The court's decision will significantly impact citizenship rights and India's social fabric.
🎯 UPSC Exam Angle
Supreme Court to Hear CAA Petitions in May 2026.
📌 KEY POINTS
▸ Hearing on the constitutional validity of the Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA) set for May 5, 2026.
▸ Hearings will continue until May 12, 2026.
▸ The Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA) was introduced in 2019.
▸ The CAA allows expedited citizenship for non-Muslim migrants from Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Bangladesh who entered India before December 31, 2014.
▸ Chief Justice of India, Surya Kant, presided over the session.
▸ The Supreme Court last reviewed the CAA in March 2024.
▸ Petitioners assert that the law violates the Right to Equality and the principles of secularism.
▸ Senior advocate Indira Jaising proposed that cases related to Assam be heard separately.
────────────────────────
📢 @examrobot_upsc
❤1
🏛 Polity & Governance • 2026-02-19 • 4/15
Private Member's Bill Seeks Diversity in Judiciary
A private member's Bill has been introduced in Parliament seeking constitutional amendments to promote diversity in judicial appointments and establish regional benches of the Supreme Court. The bill seeks to constitutionally mandate due representation for SCs, STs, OBCs, women, and religious minorities in proportion to their population. The bill touches upon the constitutional values of judicial independence, substantive equality, and social justice.
📌 KEY POINTS
▸ Seeks to mandate representation for SCs, STs, OBCs, women, and religious minorities
▸ Addresses Articles 124, 217, and 130 of the Constitution
▸ Representation of women remains below 15%, and religious minorities below 5%
▸ Rajya Sabha MP P. Wilson introduced the Constitution (Amendment) Bill, 2026.
▸ The bill seeks to mandate social diversity in the higher judiciary.
▸ The bill proposes establishing regional benches of the Supreme Court.
▸ Between 2018 and 2024, approximately 78% of judges appointed to High Courts belonged to upper castes.
▸ Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes accounted for only about 5% each.
▸ As of August 2024, women constitute only 14% of High Court judges.
▸ As of January 2026, the Supreme Court has over 90,000 pending cases.
▸ Article 124 governs the appointment of Supreme Court judges.
▸ Article 217 outlines the appointment process for High Court judges.
▸ Article 130 allows the Chief Justice of India, with Presidential approval, to appoint other places as seats for the Supreme Court.
────────────────────────
📢 @examrobot_upsc
Private Member's Bill Seeks Diversity in Judiciary
A private member's Bill has been introduced in Parliament seeking constitutional amendments to promote diversity in judicial appointments and establish regional benches of the Supreme Court. The bill seeks to constitutionally mandate due representation for SCs, STs, OBCs, women, and religious minorities in proportion to their population. The bill touches upon the constitutional values of judicial independence, substantive equality, and social justice.
🎯 UPSC Exam Angle
Bill seeks diversity in judiciary and regional SC benches.
📌 KEY POINTS
▸ Seeks to mandate representation for SCs, STs, OBCs, women, and religious minorities
▸ Addresses Articles 124, 217, and 130 of the Constitution
▸ Representation of women remains below 15%, and religious minorities below 5%
▸ Rajya Sabha MP P. Wilson introduced the Constitution (Amendment) Bill, 2026.
▸ The bill seeks to mandate social diversity in the higher judiciary.
▸ The bill proposes establishing regional benches of the Supreme Court.
▸ Between 2018 and 2024, approximately 78% of judges appointed to High Courts belonged to upper castes.
▸ Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes accounted for only about 5% each.
▸ As of August 2024, women constitute only 14% of High Court judges.
▸ As of January 2026, the Supreme Court has over 90,000 pending cases.
▸ Article 124 governs the appointment of Supreme Court judges.
▸ Article 217 outlines the appointment process for High Court judges.
▸ Article 130 allows the Chief Justice of India, with Presidential approval, to appoint other places as seats for the Supreme Court.
────────────────────────
📢 @examrobot_upsc
❤1
🛡 Defense & Security • 2026-02-19 • 5/15
India hosts International Fleet Review & Exercise MILAN 2026
India is hosting the International Fleet Review (IFR) 2026 and Exercise MILAN, a multilateral naval exercise, in Visakhapatnam, showcasing its indigenous naval capabilities and commitment to maritime security. Over 70 countries are participating in these events, highlighting India's role as a trusted maritime partner and its vision for defence indigenisation and self-reliance. President Droupadi Murmu reviewed the fleets and reiterated the Indian Navy's role as a 'first responder' in the Indian Ocean Region.
📌 KEY POINTS
▸ 13th edition of the Indian Navy's multilateral naval exercise
▸ Includes a Harbour Phase and a Sea Phase
▸ First-time participation of naval assets from Germany, the Philippines, and the UAE
▸ India is hosting the International Fleet Review (IFR) 2026 and Exercise MILAN in Visakhapatnam.
▸ 70 countries are participating in Exercise MILAN and IFR 2026.
▸ President Droupadi Murmu visited Visakhapatnam on February 18.
▸ India's indigenous naval prowess is on full display.
▸ Exercise MILAN is the world's largest multilateral naval manoeuvring.
────────────────────────
📢 @examrobot_upsc
India hosts International Fleet Review & Exercise MILAN 2026
India is hosting the International Fleet Review (IFR) 2026 and Exercise MILAN, a multilateral naval exercise, in Visakhapatnam, showcasing its indigenous naval capabilities and commitment to maritime security. Over 70 countries are participating in these events, highlighting India's role as a trusted maritime partner and its vision for defence indigenisation and self-reliance. President Droupadi Murmu reviewed the fleets and reiterated the Indian Navy's role as a 'first responder' in the Indian Ocean Region.
🎯 UPSC Exam Angle
India hosts International Fleet Review & Exercise MILAN 2026.
📌 KEY POINTS
▸ 13th edition of the Indian Navy's multilateral naval exercise
▸ Includes a Harbour Phase and a Sea Phase
▸ First-time participation of naval assets from Germany, the Philippines, and the UAE
▸ India is hosting the International Fleet Review (IFR) 2026 and Exercise MILAN in Visakhapatnam.
▸ 70 countries are participating in Exercise MILAN and IFR 2026.
▸ President Droupadi Murmu visited Visakhapatnam on February 18.
▸ India's indigenous naval prowess is on full display.
▸ Exercise MILAN is the world's largest multilateral naval manoeuvring.
────────────────────────
📢 @examrobot_upsc
❤1
🌍 International Relations • 2026-02-19 • 6/15
India Institutionalizing Defence Diplomacy with Southeast Asia
India is institutionalizing defence diplomacy with Southeast Asia through agreements, exercises, attachés, and defence exports, driven by its Act East Policy and Indo-Pacific Vision. On February 7, the Indian Prime Minister visited Malaysia, furthering defence cooperation with Southeast Asian countries. India aims to be a credible security partner, offering alternatives to traditional powers like the US and China.
📌 KEY POINTS
▸ India is institutionalizing defence diplomacy with Southeast Asia under Act East.
▸ On February 7, the Indian Prime Minister visited Malaysia.
▸ India is signing critical defence cooperation pacts with Southeast Asian countries.
▸ On 7 February, the Indian Prime Minister visited Malaysia.
▸ In 2024, India announced the appointment of Defence Attachés (DAs) in several Asian countries, including the Philippines.
▸ Plans are underway to appoint a Defence Attaché in Cambodia by March 2026.
────────────────────────
📢 @examrobot_upsc
India Institutionalizing Defence Diplomacy with Southeast Asia
India is institutionalizing defence diplomacy with Southeast Asia through agreements, exercises, attachés, and defence exports, driven by its Act East Policy and Indo-Pacific Vision. On February 7, the Indian Prime Minister visited Malaysia, furthering defence cooperation with Southeast Asian countries. India aims to be a credible security partner, offering alternatives to traditional powers like the US and China.
🎯 UPSC Exam Angle
India institutionalizing defence diplomacy with Southeast Asia.
📌 KEY POINTS
▸ India is institutionalizing defence diplomacy with Southeast Asia under Act East.
▸ On February 7, the Indian Prime Minister visited Malaysia.
▸ India is signing critical defence cooperation pacts with Southeast Asian countries.
▸ On 7 February, the Indian Prime Minister visited Malaysia.
▸ In 2024, India announced the appointment of Defence Attachés (DAs) in several Asian countries, including the Philippines.
▸ Plans are underway to appoint a Defence Attaché in Cambodia by March 2026.
────────────────────────
📢 @examrobot_upsc
📰 Schemes & Programs • 2026-02-19 • 7/15
India to Integrate AI Tools in School Education
The Government of India plans to integrate Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools in school education from pre-primary to higher secondary levels starting from the next academic session. The initiative is driven by Bodhan AI, with an initial budget allocation of ₹500 crore. The development and implementation of AI tools will align with the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, incorporating NCERT and SCERT educational frameworks.
📌 KEY POINTS
▸ Driven by Bodhan AI, a not-for-profit entity under the Centre of Excellence in AI for Education at IIT Madras
▸ Initial budget allocation of ₹500 crore
▸ Aligns with the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020
────────────────────────
📢 @examrobot_upsc
India to Integrate AI Tools in School Education
The Government of India plans to integrate Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools in school education from pre-primary to higher secondary levels starting from the next academic session. The initiative is driven by Bodhan AI, with an initial budget allocation of ₹500 crore. The development and implementation of AI tools will align with the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, incorporating NCERT and SCERT educational frameworks.
🎯 UPSC Exam Angle
India to integrate AI tools in school education.
📌 KEY POINTS
▸ Driven by Bodhan AI, a not-for-profit entity under the Centre of Excellence in AI for Education at IIT Madras
▸ Initial budget allocation of ₹500 crore
▸ Aligns with the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020
────────────────────────
📢 @examrobot_upsc
💹 Economy • 2026-02-19 • 8/15
Amended External Commercial Borrowing (ECB) Framework by RBI
The RBI has notified amended External Commercial Borrowing (ECB) framework with increased borrowing limits, market-determined interest rates, a Unified Minimum Average Maturity Period (MAMP) of three years, and expanded list of eligible borrowers. The annual automatic borrowing limit has been increased to USD 1 billion, or 300% of net worth.
📌 KEY POINTS
▸ Annual automatic borrowing limit increased to USD 1 billion, or 300% of net worth
▸ Unified Minimum Average Maturity Period (MAMP) of three years
────────────────────────
📢 @examrobot_upsc
Amended External Commercial Borrowing (ECB) Framework by RBI
The RBI has notified amended External Commercial Borrowing (ECB) framework with increased borrowing limits, market-determined interest rates, a Unified Minimum Average Maturity Period (MAMP) of three years, and expanded list of eligible borrowers. The annual automatic borrowing limit has been increased to USD 1 billion, or 300% of net worth.
🎯 UPSC Exam Angle
RBI amends ECB framework with increased limits and market rates.
📌 KEY POINTS
▸ Annual automatic borrowing limit increased to USD 1 billion, or 300% of net worth
▸ Unified Minimum Average Maturity Period (MAMP) of three years
────────────────────────
📢 @examrobot_upsc
🌿 Environment • 2026-02-19 • 9/15
NGT Halts Desilting in Punjab Rivers
The National Green Tribunal (NGT) stayed desilting work in several rivers and streams across Punjab, citing concerns about environmental clearance and commercial exploitation of river material. The order was passed on February 17, 2026, following a petition challenging an auction notice issued by the Punjab Water Resources Department. The case is listed for further hearing on May 14, 2026.
📌 KEY POINTS
▸ The National Green Tribunal (NGT) granted a stay on desilting work in several rivers and seasonal streams across Punjab.
▸ The order was passed on February 17, 2026.
▸ The applicant challenged an auction notice issued on October 17, 2025, by the drainage division of the Punjab Water Resources Department.
▸ The case has been listed for further hearing on May 14, 2026.
────────────────────────
📢 @examrobot_upsc
NGT Halts Desilting in Punjab Rivers
The National Green Tribunal (NGT) stayed desilting work in several rivers and streams across Punjab, citing concerns about environmental clearance and commercial exploitation of river material. The order was passed on February 17, 2026, following a petition challenging an auction notice issued by the Punjab Water Resources Department. The case is listed for further hearing on May 14, 2026.
🎯 UPSC Exam Angle
NGT Halts Desilting in Punjab Rivers.
📌 KEY POINTS
▸ The National Green Tribunal (NGT) granted a stay on desilting work in several rivers and seasonal streams across Punjab.
▸ The order was passed on February 17, 2026.
▸ The applicant challenged an auction notice issued on October 17, 2025, by the drainage division of the Punjab Water Resources Department.
▸ The case has been listed for further hearing on May 14, 2026.
────────────────────────
📢 @examrobot_upsc
🔬 Science & Tech • 2026-02-19 • 10/15
UNESCO Promotes Ethical AI at India AI Impact Summit
UNESCO emphasized ethical and human-centered AI at the India AI Impact Summit 2026 in New Delhi. UNESCO is launching the 'Resilient AI Challenge' to advance lightweight AI models, co-organized with the Governments of France and India. UNESCO's survey revealed that 44% of judiciary professionals integrate AI into their daily work, yet 91% of judicial operators report that their institutions do not provide training or official guidelines on the responsible use of AI.
📌 KEY POINTS
▸ The India AI Impact Summit 2026 was held in New Delhi.
▸ UNESCO will launch the 'Resilient AI Challenge' at the summit.
▸ UNESCO's survey revealed that 44% of judiciary professionals integrate AI into their daily work, yet 91% of judicial operators report that their institutions do not provide training or official guidelines on the responsible use of AI.
────────────────────────
📢 @examrobot_upsc
UNESCO Promotes Ethical AI at India AI Impact Summit
UNESCO emphasized ethical and human-centered AI at the India AI Impact Summit 2026 in New Delhi. UNESCO is launching the 'Resilient AI Challenge' to advance lightweight AI models, co-organized with the Governments of France and India. UNESCO's survey revealed that 44% of judiciary professionals integrate AI into their daily work, yet 91% of judicial operators report that their institutions do not provide training or official guidelines on the responsible use of AI.
🎯 UPSC Exam Angle
UNESCO promoting ethical AI; Resilient AI Challenge details are key.
📌 KEY POINTS
▸ The India AI Impact Summit 2026 was held in New Delhi.
▸ UNESCO will launch the 'Resilient AI Challenge' at the summit.
▸ UNESCO's survey revealed that 44% of judiciary professionals integrate AI into their daily work, yet 91% of judicial operators report that their institutions do not provide training or official guidelines on the responsible use of AI.
────────────────────────
📢 @examrobot_upsc
🏛 Polity & Governance • 2026-02-19 • 11/15
SC to Consider 'Racial Slur' as Hate Crime
The Supreme Court has asked the government to consider a plea to treat 'racial slur' as a hate crime. This reflects governance accountability and the rule of law, contributing to hate crime jurisprudence.
📌 KEY POINTS
▸ Supreme Court asks government to consider treating 'racial slur' as hate crime.
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📢 @examrobot_upsc
SC to Consider 'Racial Slur' as Hate Crime
The Supreme Court has asked the government to consider a plea to treat 'racial slur' as a hate crime. This reflects governance accountability and the rule of law, contributing to hate crime jurisprudence.
🎯 UPSC Exam Angle
SC to Consider 'Racial Slur' as Hate Crime.
📌 KEY POINTS
▸ Supreme Court asks government to consider treating 'racial slur' as hate crime.
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📢 @examrobot_upsc
🛡 Defense & Security • 2026-02-19 • 12/15
Military AI & the Urgency of Guardrails
India abstained from signing the 'Pathways to Action' declaration at the 3rd REAIM Summit (Responsible AI in the Military Domain), along with the U.S. and China. India has called a legally binding instrument on LAWS “premature”, citing security concerns and the evolving nature of military AI.
📌 KEY POINTS
▸ India abstained from signing 'Pathways to Action' declaration at 3rd REAIM Summit.
▸ India considers a legally binding instrument on LAWS “premature”.
▸ India abstained from signing the 'Pathways to Action' declaration at the 3rd REAIM Summit (Responsible AI in the Military Domain).
────────────────────────
📢 @examrobot_upsc
Military AI & the Urgency of Guardrails
India abstained from signing the 'Pathways to Action' declaration at the 3rd REAIM Summit (Responsible AI in the Military Domain), along with the U.S. and China. India has called a legally binding instrument on LAWS “premature”, citing security concerns and the evolving nature of military AI.
🎯 UPSC Exam Angle
India abstains from 'Pathways to Action' declaration on military AI.
📌 KEY POINTS
▸ India abstained from signing 'Pathways to Action' declaration at 3rd REAIM Summit.
▸ India considers a legally binding instrument on LAWS “premature”.
▸ India abstained from signing the 'Pathways to Action' declaration at the 3rd REAIM Summit (Responsible AI in the Military Domain).
────────────────────────
📢 @examrobot_upsc
🌍 International Relations • 2026-02-19 • 13/15
ISA Launches Global AI-for-Energy Mission
The International Solar Alliance (ISA) launched a global AI-for-Energy mission at the India AI Impact Summit in New Delhi to fast-track clean energy adoption across 120+ member countries. This initiative is designed to integrate Artificial Intelligence (AI) into the clean energy infrastructure of developing and emerging economies, leveraging the India Energy Stack—a digital public infrastructure model—to modernize grids and decentralize power systems.
📌 KEY POINTS
▸ Launched at the India AI Impact Summit in New Delhi
▸ Aims to fast-track clean energy adoption across 120+ member countries
▸ Leverages the India Energy Stack, a digital public infrastructure model
────────────────────────
📢 @examrobot_upsc
ISA Launches Global AI-for-Energy Mission
The International Solar Alliance (ISA) launched a global AI-for-Energy mission at the India AI Impact Summit in New Delhi to fast-track clean energy adoption across 120+ member countries. This initiative is designed to integrate Artificial Intelligence (AI) into the clean energy infrastructure of developing and emerging economies, leveraging the India Energy Stack—a digital public infrastructure model—to modernize grids and decentralize power systems.
🎯 UPSC Exam Angle
ISA launches global AI-for-Energy mission.
📌 KEY POINTS
▸ Launched at the India AI Impact Summit in New Delhi
▸ Aims to fast-track clean energy adoption across 120+ member countries
▸ Leverages the India Energy Stack, a digital public infrastructure model
────────────────────────
📢 @examrobot_upsc
📰 Schemes & Programs • 2026-02-19 • 14/15
Amit Shah to Launch Vibrant Villages Programme-II in Assam
Union Home Minister Amit Shah will launch the second phase of the Vibrant Villages Programme (VVP 2.0) in Assam, aiming to transform border villages into self-reliant hubs with modern infrastructure and sustainable livelihoods. The VVP-II is a Central Sector Scheme with an outlay of Rs 6,839 crore up to FY 2028–29, implemented across fifteen states and two UTs. Shah will also review border security arrangements near the Indo-Bangladesh border.
📌 KEY POINTS
▸ Amit Shah will launch the Vibrant Villages Programme-II (VVP 2.0) in Assam.
▸ VVP-II has an outlay of Rs 6,839 crore up to the financial year 2028–29.
▸ VVP-II will be implemented across fifteen states and two union Territories (UTs).
────────────────────────
📢 @examrobot_upsc
Amit Shah to Launch Vibrant Villages Programme-II in Assam
Union Home Minister Amit Shah will launch the second phase of the Vibrant Villages Programme (VVP 2.0) in Assam, aiming to transform border villages into self-reliant hubs with modern infrastructure and sustainable livelihoods. The VVP-II is a Central Sector Scheme with an outlay of Rs 6,839 crore up to FY 2028–29, implemented across fifteen states and two UTs. Shah will also review border security arrangements near the Indo-Bangladesh border.
🎯 UPSC Exam Angle
Amit Shah to launch Vibrant Villages Programme-II in Assam.
📌 KEY POINTS
▸ Amit Shah will launch the Vibrant Villages Programme-II (VVP 2.0) in Assam.
▸ VVP-II has an outlay of Rs 6,839 crore up to the financial year 2028–29.
▸ VVP-II will be implemented across fifteen states and two union Territories (UTs).
────────────────────────
📢 @examrobot_upsc
💹 Economy • 2026-02-19 • 15/15
India-US Trade Deal
The US and India have agreed to a trade deal, with reduced tariffs on Made in India products. The tariff reduction from 50% to 18% is expected to provide a breather for sectors focused on exports to the US.
📌 KEY POINTS
▸ Trade deal agreed between US and India.
▸ Tariff reduction on Made in India products from 50% to 18%.
────────────────────────
📢 @examrobot_upsc
India-US Trade Deal
The US and India have agreed to a trade deal, with reduced tariffs on Made in India products. The tariff reduction from 50% to 18% is expected to provide a breather for sectors focused on exports to the US.
🎯 UPSC Exam Angle
India-US Trade Deal.
📌 KEY POINTS
▸ Trade deal agreed between US and India.
▸ Tariff reduction on Made in India products from 50% to 18%.
────────────────────────
📢 @examrobot_upsc
😂 UPSC Meme Break — Article 356
Article 356 (President's Rule) — A Bollywood Script:
Hero (Centre): "Main tumhe bachane aaya hun" (I've come to save you)
State Government: "Par humne toh bulaya nahi" (But we didn't call you)
Governor: *sends report* "Sir, yahan sab kharab hai" (Sir, everything is bad here)
Hero: *dissolves assembly* "Ab main sambhalunga" (Now I'll handle it)
Interval.
Supreme Court in SR Bommai case: "Bhai, script change karo" (Change the script)
Blockbuster. Running since 1950.
🤣🤣🤣
📢 @examrobot_upsc
Article 356 (President's Rule) — A Bollywood Script:
Hero (Centre): "Main tumhe bachane aaya hun" (I've come to save you)
State Government: "Par humne toh bulaya nahi" (But we didn't call you)
Governor: *sends report* "Sir, yahan sab kharab hai" (Sir, everything is bad here)
Hero: *dissolves assembly* "Ab main sambhalunga" (Now I'll handle it)
Interval.
Supreme Court in SR Bommai case: "Bhai, script change karo" (Change the script)
Blockbuster. Running since 1950.
🤣🤣🤣
📢 @examrobot_upsc
👋 Good Afternoon, Future Civil Servants!
Quick thought — you spend weeks reading textbooks, hundreds of pages, just to get one tricky MCQ right on exam day.
But what if that question already appeared before? Same concept, slightly reworded. If you had just practiced past year papers carefully, you'd spot it in seconds.
Let's test this. Try solving the question below ↓
Quick thought — you spend weeks reading textbooks, hundreds of pages, just to get one tricky MCQ right on exam day.
But what if that question already appeared before? Same concept, slightly reworded. If you had just practiced past year papers carefully, you'd spot it in seconds.
Let's test this. Try solving the question below ↓
👍1
[IAS 2016] Consider the following statements :
1. The Sustainable Development Goals were first proposed in 1972 by a global think tank called the 'Club of Rome'.
2. The Sustainable Development Goals have to be achieved by 2030. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
1. The Sustainable Development Goals were first proposed in 1972 by a global think tank called the 'Club of Rome'.
2. The Sustainable Development Goals have to be achieved by 2030. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Anonymous Quiz
0%
1 only
86%
2 only
14%
Both 1 and 2
0%
Neither 1 nor 2
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[IAS 2016] Consider the following statements :
1. The Sustainable Development Goals were first proposed in 1972 by a global think tank called the 'Club of Rome'.
2. The Sustainable Development Goals have to be achieved by 2030. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
1. The Sustainable Development Goals were first proposed in 1972 by a global think tank called the 'Club of Rome'.
2. The Sustainable Development Goals have to be achieved by 2030. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
✅ Answer: (B) 2 only
The correct answer is option B (Statement 2 only).
**Statement 1 is incorrect:** The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) were adopted by all United Nations Member States in 2015[2], not in 1972. While the Club of Rome is a global think tank that came out with a report called "The Limits to Growth" in 1972[4], this report dealt with sustainable development concepts in general, not the specific SDGs. The theoretical framework for sustainable development evolved between 1972 and 1992, beginning with the UN Conference on the Human Environment in Stockholm in 1972[5]. The SDGs themselves were formally proposed and adopted much later.
**Statement 2 is correct:** The Sustainable Development Goals have to be achieved by 2030[6]. SDGs replaced the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and were adopted in 2015 to end poverty, protect the planet and ensure that all people enjoy peace and prosperity by 2030[1].
Sources
[1] Indian Economy, Nitin Singhania .(ed 2nd 2021-22) > Chapter 21: Sustainable Development and Climate Change > CHAPTER SUMMARY > p. 607
[2] Indian Economy, Vivek Singh (7th ed. 2023-24) > Chapter 8: Inclusive growth and issues > 8.15 Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) > p. 278
[3] https://www.orfonline.org/research/the-sustainable-development-agenda
[4] https://unstats.un.org/unsd/geoinfo/RCC/docs/rccap20/IP1_UNRCC-AP%20Paper%20G%20Scott.pdf
[5] https://unstats.un.org/unsd/geoinfo/RCC/docs/rccap20/IP1_UNRCC-AP%20Paper%20G%20Scott.pdf
[6] Economics, Class IX . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 3: Poverty as a Challenge > Poverty and Sustainable Development Goals > p. 37
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This exact concept appeared in IAS 2016 and IAS 2022 — almost the same question, just reframed.
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The correct answer is option B (Statement 2 only).
**Statement 1 is incorrect:** The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) were adopted by all United Nations Member States in 2015[2], not in 1972. While the Club of Rome is a global think tank that came out with a report called "The Limits to Growth" in 1972[4], this report dealt with sustainable development concepts in general, not the specific SDGs. The theoretical framework for sustainable development evolved between 1972 and 1992, beginning with the UN Conference on the Human Environment in Stockholm in 1972[5]. The SDGs themselves were formally proposed and adopted much later.
**Statement 2 is correct:** The Sustainable Development Goals have to be achieved by 2030[6]. SDGs replaced the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and were adopted in 2015 to end poverty, protect the planet and ensure that all people enjoy peace and prosperity by 2030[1].
Sources
[1] Indian Economy, Nitin Singhania .(ed 2nd 2021-22) > Chapter 21: Sustainable Development and Climate Change > CHAPTER SUMMARY > p. 607
[2] Indian Economy, Vivek Singh (7th ed. 2023-24) > Chapter 8: Inclusive growth and issues > 8.15 Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) > p. 278
[3] https://www.orfonline.org/research/the-sustainable-development-agenda
[4] https://unstats.un.org/unsd/geoinfo/RCC/docs/rccap20/IP1_UNRCC-AP%20Paper%20G%20Scott.pdf
[5] https://unstats.un.org/unsd/geoinfo/RCC/docs/rccap20/IP1_UNRCC-AP%20Paper%20G%20Scott.pdf
[6] Economics, Class IX . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 3: Poverty as a Challenge > Poverty and Sustainable Development Goals > p. 37
────────────────────
🔄 Now here's the interesting part.
This exact concept appeared in IAS 2016 and IAS 2022 — almost the same question, just reframed.
If you had practiced these PYQs, today's question would've been a free mark. Expand below to see ↓
🔴 Similar Questions from Past Papers
• IAS 2016
With reference to 'Agenda 21', sometimes seen in the news, consider the following statements :
1. It is a global action plan for sustainable development.
2. It originated in the World Summit on Sustainable Development held in Johannesburg in 2002.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
✅ A. 1 only
B. 2 only
C. Both 1 and 2
D. Neither 1 nor 2
• IAS 2022
With reference to the "G20 Common Framework", consider the following statements :
1. It is an initiative endorsed by the G20 together with the Paris Club.
2. It is an initiative to support Low Income Countries with unsustainable debt.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?
A. 1 only
B. 2 only
✅ C. Both 1 and 2
D. Neither 1 nor 2
💡 Pattern Insight
SDG origins vs. targets. 2016 tested SDG timeline; 2022's G20 framework also hit debt solutions for LICs.
Remember, Club of Rome proposed 'Limits to Growth' (1972), not SDGs; the latter's focus is 2030 completion.
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