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🟢 QUESTION RELATED TO BOOKS AND AUTHOR'S Conducted by TCS [RRB JE 2024]

1. In which year was 'Heirloom Treasures: The Cultural Tapestry of India' by Arunima Hoskote published? 2020

2. In which year was 'Indian Culture: A Compendium of Indian History, Culture and Heritage' published? 2021

3. In which year was 'Reflections on Mughal Art & Culture' published? 2021

4. Who is the author of 'Postcolonial Elements in Amitav Ghosh's The Shadow Lines,' published in 2018? Nivedhaa Nivi

5. Who is the author of 'Fiction as History: The Novel and the City in Modern North India,' published in 2019? Vasudha Dalmia

6. In which language was the classic Indian novel 'Chandrakanta' originally written? Hindi

7. Who is the author of 'The Great Indian Novel,' published in 2011? Shashi Tharoor

8. Who is the author of 'Segar: Autobiography with Paintings,' published in 2013? D Raja Segar

9. The author of the famous novel 'Midnight's Children' is: Salman Rushdie.

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🟢 QUESTION RELATED TO ART &  CULTURE Conducted by TCS [RRB JE 2024]

1.Quwwat-al-islam mosque is located in which of the following cities? - New Delhi

2.What is the name of the famous temple complex in Tamil Nadu, known for its Dravidian architecture and 1,000-pillar hall? - Meenakshi Temple

3.What is one of the main attractions of 'Mamallapuram' apart from the dance festival ? - Architectural beauty of temples

4.What is the primary function of 'viharas' in Buddhist architecture?
- To serve as residential places for Buddhist priests.

5.What architectural style is the Meenakshi Amman Temple known for? - Dravidian

6.One of the famous Kali temples in India, Kalighat, is located in which of the following Indian states? - West Bengal

7.At which of the following places is the tomb of Sher Shah located? -Sasaram

8.Which UNESCO World Heritage Site is a cave complex with stunning paintings and sculptures, located in Maharashtra? - Ajanta Caves

9.The Great Stupa at Sanchi is an important site in which religion? -Buddhism

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🟢 AWARD WINNING BOOKS AND AUTHORS OF 2023-24 [Part-1]

🔶Pulitzer Prize (Fiction) 2024 - Night Watch by Jayne Anne Philips

🔶National Book Award (Fiction) 2024 - Percival Everett for James
▪️2023 = Justin Torres for Blackouts

🔶Women's Prize for Fiction 2024 - VV Ganeshananthan for Brotherless Night
▪️ Demon Copperhead - Barbara Kingsolver (2023)

🔶International Booker Prize 2024 - Michael Hofmann (Translator) & jenny Erpenbeck for Kairos
▪️Georgi Gospondinov - For Time Shelter

🔶National Book Critics Circle Award (fiction) 2023 - Lorrie Moore for I Am Homeless if This is Not My home

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🟢 AWARD WINNING BOOKS AND AUTHORS of 2023-24 [Part -2]

🔶Kirkus Prize for fiction -James McBride for The Heaven & Earth Grocery Store

🔶PEN/Faulkner Award 2024 - Ruthy Ramirez for What Happened to Ruthy Ramirez
▪️The Book of Goose Yiyun Li (2023)

🔶PEN/Robert W. Bingham Prize for Debut Fiction 2023 - Morgan Talty for Night of the Living Rez

🔶Sushila Devi Award 2023 - Janice Pariat for her novel "Everything the Light Touches"

🔶Bihari Puraskar 2022 - Dr. Madhav Harda for Pachrang Chol "Pahar Sakhi Ri"

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🟢AWARD WINNING BOOKS AND AUTHORS of 2023-24 [Part -3]

🔶Thakazhi Memorial Award - M. Mukundan

🔶Sahitya Akademi Award 2024 - English-Easterine Kire for Spirits Nights (Novel)
▪️Hindi-Gagan Gill for Main Jab Tak Aai Bahar (Poetry)
▪️2023 English - Neelam Gour for Requim in Raga Janaki (Novel)
▪️Hindi - Sanjiv for Mujhe Pehchano (Novel)
▪️Urdu Sadiqua Nawab Saher for Rajdev ki Amrai (Novel)

🔶CV Kunhiraman Literary Prize - Sethu (A. Sethumadhavan)

🔶Luminuous Lummer Dai Literary Award - Jumsi Siram (2023)

🔶Booker Prize 2024 - Samantha Harvey for Orbital (Novel)
▪️Paul Lynch for Prophet Song (2023)

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🟢 IMPORTANT FACTS
- First President of INC: WC Bannerjee
- First woman President: Annie Beasant
- First Muslim President: Badruddin Tayabji
- First English President: George Yule
- First Indian Women President: Sarojini Naidu
- Gandhi became President: 1924, Belgaum
- Jawaharlal Nehru became President: 1929, Lahore
- Subhash Bose became President: 1938, Haripura

🟢 महत्वपूर्ण तथ्य
- INC के पहले अध्यक्ष: WC बनर्जी
- प्रथम महिला अध्यक्ष: एनी बेसेंटी
- प्रथम मुस्लिम अध्यक्ष: बदरुद्दीन तैयबजी
- प्रथम अंग्रेज अध्यक्ष: जॉर्ज यूल
- प्रथम भारतीय महिला अध्यक्ष: सरोजिनी नायडू
- महात्मा गांधी अध्यक्ष : 1924, बेलगौम
- जवाहरलाल नेहरू अध्यक्ष: 1929, लाहौर
- सुभाष बोस अध्यक्ष: 1938, हरिपुरा

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🟢 Important Events in Chronology (1915-1935)
[कालक्रम में महत्वपूर्ण घटनाएँ (1915-1935)]

- 1916: Lucknow Pact / लखनऊ समझौता
- 1916: Home Rule India Movement / होम रूल इंडिया मूवमेंट
- 1919: Montagu Chelmsford Reforms / मोंटेग्यू चेम्सफोर्ड सुधार
- 1919: Rowlatt Act / रॉलेट एक्ट
- 1919: Jallianwala Bagh Massacre / जलियांवाला बाग हत्याकांड
- 1919: Khilafat Movement / खिलाफत आंदोलन
- 1920: Non - Cooperation Movement / असहयोग आंदोलन
- 1927: Simon Commission / साइमन कमीशन
- 1928: Nehru Report / नेहरू रिपोर्ट
- 1930: Civil Disobedience Movement / सविनय अवज्ञा आन्दोलन
- 1931: Gandhi Irwin Pact / गांधी इरविन समझौता
- 1932: Communal Award and Poona Pact / सांप्रदायिक पुरस्कार और पूना पैक्ट

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🟢 Festivals and Celebrations Across India:

1. Madhavpur Mela (Gujarat): Celebrated in memory of Lord Krishna and Rukmini. माधवपुर मेला (गुजरात) - भगवान कृष्ण और रुक्मिणी की स्मृति।

2. Thimithi (Tamil Nadu): In honor of Draupadi Amman. थिमिथी (तमिलनाडु) - द्रौपदी अम्मन के सम्मान में।

3. Thai Poosam (Tamil Nadu): Dedicated to Lord Muruga. थाई पूसाम (तमिलनाडु) - भगवान मुरुगन को समर्पित।

4. Chhath Pooja: Dedicated to the Sun God and his wife, Usha. छठ पूजा - सूर्यदेव और उनकी पत्नी उषा को समर्पित।

5. Madai Festival (Bastar, Chhattisgarh): Celebrated with the worship of local goddess Kesharpalin Devi. मडई महोत्सव (बस्तर) - स्थानीय देवी केशरपालिन की पूजा के साथ।

6. Vesak Festival (Sikkim): Commemorates the birth, enlightenment, and death of Gautama Buddha. वेसाक महोत्सव - गौतम बुद्ध के जीवन के तीन महत्वपूर्ण चरणों की याद।

7. Saga Dawa (Sikkim): Associated with Lord Buddha and celebrates his birthday. सागा दावा (सिक्किम) - भगवान बुद्ध से जुड़ा पर्व।

8. Hemis Festival (Ladakh): Commemorates the birth anniversary of Guru Padmasambhava. हेमिस महोत्सव - गुरु पद्मसंभव की जयंती के उपलक्ष्य में।

9. Jawa Festival (Jharkhand): Celebrated by unmarried tribal girls for fertility and good fortune. जावा महोत्सव (झारखंड) - अविवाहित आदिवासी लड़कियों द्वारा।

10. Kumbh Mela: Held at four locations: Haridwar, Ujjain, Nashik, and Prayagraj. कुंभ मेला - हरिद्वार, उज्जैन, नासिक, और प्रयागराज।

11. Hunter’s Moon (West) / Kartik Purnima (India): Called Kartik Purnima in India. कात्यायनी पूर्णिमा (भारत)।

12. Ambubachi Mela (Assam): Known as the Mahakumbh of the East. अंबुबाची मेला (असम) - पूर्व का महाकुंभ।

13. Lai Haraoba (Manipur): Means “Merry Making of the Gods.” लाई हराओबा (मणिपुर) - देवताओं का आनंदोत्सव।

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🟢 QUESTION RELATED TO BOOKS AND AUTHOR'S Conducted by TCS [RRB RPF SI 2024]

▪️ Rays and Ways of Indian Culture - D.P. Dubey

▪️ Reenchantment - Masterworks of Sculpture in Village Temples of Bihar and Orissa - Robert N. Linrothe

▪️ A Life in the Shadows: A Memoir - A.S. Dulat

▪️ Women Freedom Fighters of India - Sanjay Yadav

▪️ A Brush with Life: An Autobiography - Satish Gujral (Written in 1997)

▪️ Masterpieces of Vijayanagara Art - Dr. Sindigi Rajasekhara

▪️ Stripurushtulna - Tarabai Shinde

▪️ Adipurana - Jinasena

▪️ Ardhakathanak - Banarasidas

▪️ Significance of Vimanam and Gopuram - Dr. V. Ganapati Sthapati

▪️ The Palace of Illusions - Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni

▪️ The End of Imagination - Arundhati Roy

▪️ Ganesha's Sweet Tooth - Sanjay Patel and Emily Haynes

▪️ Mooknayak (Marathi newspaper) - Dr. B.R. Ambedkar

▪️ Mahabhashya - Patanjali

▪️ The Inheritance of Loss - Kiran Desai

▪️ Dollar Bahu - Dr. Sudha Murty

▪️ Kathasaritasagara - (Author: Somadeva, Language: Sanskrit)

▪️ Amar Jiban - (Author: Rassundari Devi, Language: Bengali)

▪️ The White Tiger - Aravind Adiga

▪️ The Discovery of India - Jawaharlal Nehru

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🟢 IMPORTANT FOREIGN TRAVELERS IN INDIA

▪️ Megasthenes
Role: Ambassador of Seleucus
Period: Supremacy of Chandragupta Maurya
Contribution: Author of Indica

▪️ Marco Polo
Origin: European traveler (Venice)
Period: Reign of Rudramma Devi (Kakatiyas)
Region Visited: Southern India

▪️ Ibn Battuta
Origin: Moroccan traveler
Period: Rule of Mohammed Bin Tughlaq

▪️ Hiuen Tsang
Origin: Chinese traveler
Period: Supremacy of Harsha Vardhana

▪️ Francois Bernier: French physician and traveller
Visited India during the reign of Shah Jahan

▪️ Fa-Hein: Chinese Buddhist monk
Visited India during the reign of Vikramaditya (Chandragupta II)

▪️ Xuanzang: Chinese Traveller
Visited India during the reign of Harshavardhana

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💠Conference

▪️प्रथम गोलमेज सम्मलेन -
12 नवम्बर, 1930 से 19 जनवरी, 1931

▪️ द्वितीय गोलमेज सम्मलेन -
7 सितंबर से 1 दिसंबर, 1931

▪️ तृतीय गोलमेज सम्मलेन -
17 नवम्बर से 24 दिसंबर, 1932

▪️गांधी-इरविन समझौता
- 5 मार्च, 1931
 - गांधी जी व इरविन के मध्य।

▪️ पूना समझौता -
   - 25 सितम्बर, 1932
   -  गांधी जी व अम्बेडकर जी के मध्य।

▪️First Round Table Conference -
12 November, 1930 to 19 January, 1931

▪️Second Round Table Conference -
7 September to 1 December, 1931

▪️Third Round Table Conference -
17 November to 24 December, 1932

▪️Gandhi-Irwin Pact
- 5 March, 1931
- Between Gandhiji and Irwin.

▪️Poona Pact -
- 25 September, 1932
- Between Gandhiji and Ambedkarji.

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🟢 ELECTION COMMISSION OF INDIA (ECI)

- Article 324
of the Indian constitution mandates the Election Commission, to conduct elections to the Parliament and the State Legislatures.
- Constitutional body for conducting and regulating elections.
- Composition: CEC and two election commissioners (usually retired IAS or IRS officers)
- Founded: January 25, 1950
- Voter's Day: Also on January 25
- HQ: New Delhi
- 1st Chief: Sukumar Sen
- 1st Woman Chief: V.S. Ramadevi
- 25th Chief: Rajiv Kumar
- Commissioners: Shri Gyanesh Kumar & Dr. Sukhbir Singh Sandhu
- Tenure: 6/65 years

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