⚡️ ​Regular verbs (To'g'ri fe'llar)

Ingliz tilida fe'llar 2 turga bo'linadi:

1. Regular (to'g'ri);
2. Irregular (noto'g'ri).

👉To'g'ri fellarni turli zamonlarda ishlatganda ko'p o'zgarish bo'lmaydi.

👉To'g'ri fe'llarga –ed qo'shimchasini qo'shib o'tgan zamon shakli yasaladi, noto'g'ri fe'llarning esa o'tgan zamonini eslab qolish darkor.

👉 "–ed" qo'shimchasini qo'shish qoidalari:

👉 Ko'pincha so'z negiziga –ed qo'shimchasini qo'shish orqali:
| work – worked
| borrow – borrowed

👉 Agarda fe'l "e" harfi bilan tugasa, unda so'zning oxiriga shunchaki –d harfini qo'shish orqali:
| invite – invited
| agree – agreed

👉 Agarda fe'l undosh tovush bilan tugagan bo'lib, u undosh tovushdan avval a, e, u, i, o qisqa jarangli tovushlari kelgan bo'lsa, undosh tovush ikkilanadi:
| stop – stopped
| pat – patted

👉 Istisno holat! Oxirgi undosh Х bo'lganida ikkilanish bo'lmaydi:
| mix – mixed
| relax – relaxed

👉 Undoshdan keyin keluvchi y harfi bilan tugagan fe'lga "–ed" qo'shilganda "y" – "i" ga o'zgaradi:
| study – studied
| tidy – tidied

👉 "y" tovushidan oldin unli kelgan bo'lsa hech narsa o'zgarmaydi:
| play – played
| stay – stayed

⚡️Gerunds

👉 Gerunds ham xuddi fe’lning noaniq shakli to + verb kabi ot vazifasini bajaradi. Lekin Gerund verb+ing bilan yasaladi.

Quyidagi misollarga e’tibor bering:

I like going to the beach. (“like”asosiy fe’l ; “going” gerund.)

Playing volleyball at the beach is fun. (“Playing” Gerund gap boshida ega vazifasida kelyapti.)

I like eating cold pizza. (“like” asosiy fe’l; “eating” gerund)

👉 Ba’zan talabalar Gerund bilan  davomli zamon fe’llarini adashtirib yuborishlari mumkin:

✅ I hate READING (gerund)

✅ I am READING (davomli zamon)

👆Ko’rib turganizdek har ikki gapning fe’liga -ing qo’shilgan, ularni ajratib olish uchun doim esda saqlang

Davomli zamon be fe’li bilan ishlatiladi, gerund esa ishlatilmaydi.

Quyidagi gaplarga qarang:

He thinks that learning English is important for his career.- U ingliz tilini o’rganishni martabasi uchun muhim deb o’ylaydi

This morning, they‘re meeting their friends at the airport.-Bugun ertalab Ular aeroportda do’stlari bilan uchrashyapti

Birinchi gapimizda – gerund (learning) ishtirok etyapti. Ikkinchi gapimizda esa davomli zamon kelyapti.
  
Misollar:

I like listening to the radio.
-Men radio tinglashni yoqtiraman

Playing in the snow is one of life’s greatest pleasures.

👉 Gerunds gap boshida ega vazifasida kelishi mumkin , bu uni yanada osonroq tushinishga yordam beradi.

Drinking coffee in the morning is one of my favorite things to do.
– Ertalab kofe ichish men bajaradigan eng sevimli ishlarimdan biridir.

So'zlashuv uchun: Lug'at

🎯 I didn’t mean to - Men xohlamagandim

🎯 It was an accident - Bu tasodifan bo‘lib qoldi

🎯 It doesn't matter - Buni farqi yo‘q

🎯 It’s all so complicated - Hammasi shunchalik chalkash.

🎯 You make me mad - Sen meni aqldan ozdirasan

🎯 Talk to you later - Keyinroq gaplashamiz

🎯 Are you still here? - Haliyam shu yerdamisiz?

🎯 Until we meet again - Yana ko'rishguncha

🎯 It's early (yet) - Hali vaqtli

🎯 No, thanks - Yo‘q, rahmat

🎯 No way! - Hech ham!

🎯 I'm (so) sorry! - Kechirasiz

🎯 I'm sorry, I can't - Kechirasiz men qila olmayman

🎯 One minute, please - Bir daqiqa, iltimos

🎯 What a good chance! - Qanday yaxshi imkoniyat!

​​#Film
♻️ Ko'ring va so'zlarning talaffuziga e'tibor bering
🎬 Toy story — O‘yinchoqlar tarixi (subtitrda)

Lirik chekinish👆👆👆

⚡️ ​​ACTIVE INFINITIVE VA PASSIVE INFINITIVE

1. Infinitiv ifodalagan ish-harakati ma’lum bir shaxs yoki buyumga qarashli bo‘lmasligi mumkin:
To drive a car in a big city is very difficult.
— Katta shaharda mashina haydash juda qiyin.

Ko‘pgina hollarda infinitiv ifodalagan ish-harakat ma’lum shaxs yoki buyumga qarashli bo‘ladi:
I intended to go there.(to go infinitivi ifodalagan ish-harakat I egaga qarashli.)
— Men u yerga borishga qaror qildim.

Ask him to come early.(to come infinitivi ifodalagan ish-harakat him to‘ldiruvchiga qarashli.)
— Unga erta kelishini ayting.

2. Infinitiv ifodalagan ish-harakat o‘sha infinitiv qarashli bo‘lgan shaxs yoki buyum tomonidan sodir etilsa, Active Infinitive ishlatiladi:
He has a great desire to invite you to the party.
— U sizni kechaga taklif qilishni juda istaydi.

I want to inform Tom of Bill’s arrival.
— Men Tomni Billning kelganidan xabardor qilishni istayman.

3. Infinitiv ifodalagan ish-harakat o‘sha infinitiv qarashli bo‘lgan shaxs yoki buyumga nisbatan (boshqalar tomonidan) sodir etilsa, Passive Infinitive ishlatiladi:
He has a great desire to be invited to the party.
— U o‘zini ziyofatga (kechaga) taklif qilishlarini juda istaydi.

I want to be informed of her arrival.
— Menga uning kelganini xabar qilishlarini istayman.

#Maqola
📰 Grammatikani oson o’rganish

Ingliz tili grammatikasi bir qarashda o’rganish uchun eng qiyin bo’lgan qoidalar jamlanmasiga o’xshab ko’rinishi mumkin. Ammo, ishoning, asl haqiqat bunday emas!

Batafsil

​​​​​​​​#Lyrics
​​🎤 Ingliz tilini qo'shiqlar bilan o'rganing va tushuning
🎼 Inna — "Cola Song"

We got that Coca Cola bottle shape, shape, shape
We got that sugar, do you wanna taste, taste, taste?
We take it all around the globe
Baby everywhere we go
Make it hot when mama arrives
Shake, shake, shake

Like oh, you know they want it
Ay, ándale
Oh, you know we got it
Ah, smile we say
Soy Latina baby
Soy Latina baby
Okay, let's party, say ole
Soy Latina y la noche we own it, baby
Okay, let's party, say ole (Ole)

I got that Coca Cola bottle shape, shape, shape
But how much Cola can your body take, take, take
Every time I come around
No, you know it's going down
Make it hot when mama arrives
Shake, shake, shake

Like oh, you know they want it
Ay, ándale
Oh, you know we got it
Ah, smile we say
Soy Latina baby
Soy Latina baby
Okay, let's party, say ole (Ole)
Soy Latina y la noche we own it, baby
Okay, let's party, say ole (Ole)

Entra tranquila, pura Coca Cola, a dar tequila
Hasta Romania, tu sabe que esto es magia
Hoy gusto a Inna, el negocio Web miralias
Entra tranquila, que tu no hace fila
Sabe a cola cola, sabe a vitamina
J to the B, I doubt with a name
You follow my game, you know what way
La noche es de nosotros y hoy venimos a celebrar
La fiesta apenas comienza y la gente y grita (Ole)
No le eche la culpa a Inna que ella solo vino a bailar
Shake out babe, Inna, la combinación mundial

Soy Latina baby
Soy Latina baby
Okay, let's party, say ole (Ole)
Soy Latina y la noche we own it, baby
Okay, let's party, say ole

Ole
Ole

Foydali grammatika
⚡️ ​​QUITE va PRETTY

✅ Quite va pretty so'zlari o'zbekchada "ancha, ancha-muncha, oz-moz, rosa" degan ma'nolarda keladi.

✅ Quite va Pretty mazmunan o'xshash, lekin pretty ko'proq og'zaki nutqda ishlatiladi.

it is quite / pretty cold. - havo ancha sovuq. Lucy lives quite near me. - Lyusi menga rosa yaqin turadi.

We see each other pretty often. - Biz bir -birimiz bilan ancha tez-tez ko'rishib turamiz.

✅ Eslab qoling
Quite a va an artikllaridan oldin qo'llaniladi.

Quite a nice day - ancha yaxshi kun.

Quite an old house - ancha eski uy.

Quite a long way - ancha uzun yo'l.

✅ Pretty esa a va an artiklidan keyin ishlatiladi.

a pretty good job - ancha yaxshi ish.

a pretty nice girl - ancha yaxshi qiz.

a pretty cold - ancha sovuq.

⚡️ ​​RATHER

🔎 Rather - mazmunan Quite va Pretty ga o'xshab ketadi. Quite va Pretty haqida o'tgan darsda ma'lumot berib o'tgan edik. Faqat Rather asosan salbiy gaplarda qo'llaniladi.

✅ Tarjimasi: ancha, rosa.

✓It is rather cold - havo ancha sovuq.
✓She is rather ill - u ancha kasal.
✓You are rather shy - sen rosa tortinchoqsan.

✅Shuningdek, Ratherni ijobiy ma'noda ham ishlatsak bo'ladi. Bunda u nice, interesting kabi so'zlar bilan keladi. Bunda so'zlovchi asosan biror narsadan ajablanayotganligini anglatadi:
✓ These oranges are rather nice. Where did you buy them? - Bu apelsinlar juda mazali. Ularni qayerdan sotib olding?

✓ This film is rather interesting - film anchagina qiziq

​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​📋 Kun hikmati

🇬🇧 A friend to all is a friend to none

🇺🇿 Hammaga do'st bo'lgan odam hech kimga do'st emas.

- Aristotel

⚡️ ​​Like fe'lining ishlatilishi.

✅ Like - yoqtirmoq, yaxshi ko'rmoq ma'nosini bildirishdan tashqari "the same as"" va "similar to" ya'ni "" kabi, singari, o'xshash, xuddi, dek" singari ma'nolarni anglatadi.

👉 What a beautiful house ! It's like a palace - Qanday chiroyli uy. Xuddi qasrning o'zi.

👉 What does Lucy do? She's a teacher, like me - Lusi nima ish qiladi? U menga o'xshagan o'qituvchi.

👉 Be careful! The floor has been polished. It's like walking on ice - ehtiyot bo'l! Pol artilgan. Xuddi yaxmalakda yurgandek yurasan.

✅ Ba'zan like fe'li "misol uchun", "masalan" singari ma'nolarda ham keladi.
👉 Some sports, like moto ricing, can be dangerous - Ba'zi sport turlar, masalan motopoyga, xavfli bo'lishi mumkin.

🚩 Eslatma: bu holatda like so'zini o'rniga "such as" birikmasini ishlatsa ham bo'ladi.
Some sports, such as moto racing, can be dangerous

⚡️ ​​Ingliz tilidagi ba’zi donalab sanalmaydigan otlar ro‘yxati: 

accommodation — turar joy, bosh- 
pana 
advice — maslahat 
baggage — bagaj, yuk  
bread — non 
furniture — mebel 
money — pul  
homework — uy ishi  
luck — omad, baxt 
luggage — yuk, bagaj 
information — ma’lumot  
sand — qum  
measles — qizamiq  
mumps — tepki  
food — oziq-ovqat  
soap — sovun 
chaos — xaos, tartibsizlik 
damage — nosozlik, buzilish 
work — ish 
economics — iqtisod 
news — yangilik(lar) 
permission — ruxsat 
progress — yutuq, muvaffaqiyat 
scenery — manzara 
traffi c — qatnov 
weather — ob-havo 
air — havo  
meat — go‘sht  
physics — fizika  
advertising — reklama qilish  
mathematics — matematika 
politics — siyosat  

Lirik chekinish 🤩🤩🤩

⚡️ ODDIY NISBATDAGI GERUND (ACTIVE GERUND) VA MAJHUL NISBATDAGI GERUND (PASSIVE GERUND) 

✅ 1. Gerund ma’lum shaxs yoki buyumga qarashli bo‘lmagan ish-harakatni ifodalashi mumkin: 

👉Swimming is a good exercise. 
Suzish – yaxshi mashq.

Lekin ko‘pincha gerund ifodalagan ish-harakat ma’lum shaxs yoki  
buyumga qarashli bo‘ladi: 
👉Tom left without finishing his dinner. (finishing Tomga – egaga qarashli).
Tom ovqatini yeb bo‘lmasdan chiqib ketdi.. 

👉 Thank you for coming (coming  
to‘ldiruvchi youga qarashli). 
Kelganingiz uchun rahmat.

✅ 2. Gerund ifodalagan ish-harakat u qarashli bo‘lgan shaxs yoki buyum  
tomonidan bajarilsa, Active Gerund ishlatiladi: 
👉He likes inviting his friends to his house. 
— U do‘stlarini uyiga taklif qilishni yoqtiradi. 

✅3. Gerund ifodalayotgan ish-harakat u qarashli bo‘lgan shaxs yoki buyumga qarashli bo‘lmasdan, boshqa shaxs yoki buyum tomonidan sodir etilayotgan bo‘lsa, Passive Gerund ishlatiladi: 
👉 He likes being invited by his friends. 
— U do‘stlari uni taklif qilishlarini  
yoqtiradi. 

👉I remember having been shown the letter. 
— Menga xatni ko‘rsatganlarini eslayman. 

✅ 4. Ba’zan to need, to want, to require kerak ma’nosida kelgan fe’llardan keyin va worth arziydigan sifatidan keyin Active Gerund Passive Gerund ma’nosida ishlatiladi: 
👉My shoes need repairing (being repaired emas). 
— Men tufligimni  ta’mirlatishim  
kerak. 

👉This dress wants washing (being  
washed emas). 
— Bu ko‘ylakni yuvish kerak. 

⚡️ SIMPLE VA PERFECT GERUND

1. Quyidagi hollarda Simple Gerund ishlatiladi:

a) gapning kesimidagi ish-harakat bilan bir paytda sodir bo'lgan ish-harakatni ifodalash uchun:
• I am surprised at hearing this.
• Bu menga g'alati eshitiladi.

b) kelasi zamonga taalluqli bo'lgan ishharakatni ifodalash uchun:

• We intend shipping the goods in May.
• Biz mollarni may oyida yuklashni niyat qilganmiz.

c) vaqtdan qat'i nazar:
• Swimming is a good exercise.
• Suzish - yaxshi mashq.

2. Gapning kesimidagi ish-harakatdan oldin sodir bo'lgan ish-harakatni ifodalash uchun Perfect Gerund ishlatiladi:
• I don't remember having seen him before.
• Men uni ilgari ko'rganimni eslamayman.

3. on (upon), after predloglaridan keyin gerund ifodalaydigan ish-harakati gapning kesimidagi ish-harakatidan oldin sodir boʻlgan boʻlsa ham Simple Gerund ishlatiladi.
• On receiving the answer of the firm wehanded all the documents to our legal
adviser.
• Firma javobini olganda biz barcha hujjatlarni yuristimizga berdik.

4. Gerunddagi ish-harakat kesimdagi ishharakatdan oldin sodir boʻlganligini ta'kidlash zarurati boʻlmaganda Perfect Gerund emas Simple Gerund ishlatiladi:
• I thank you for coming. (for having come
emas)
• Kelganingiz uchun rahmat.

Happy Children's Day. Our best happiness in the world, We Love You🥰