๐ COHESION
Cohesion is the force of attraction between molecules of thesame substance or kind e.g molecules of mercury
๐ ADHESION
Adhesion is the force of attraction between molecules of different substances or kinds e.g molecules of water and glass_
EFFECT OF COHESION AND ADHESION
Counting of papers with moist finger
water rises up in the capillary tube while mercury falls in a capillary tube
water forms a concave meniscus in a glass tube while mercury forms a convex meniscus
This phenomena is possible because The adhesion of water molecule to glass is greater than their cohesion while the cohesion of mercury molecules is greater than their adhesion to glass
๐ANGLE OF CONTACT
๐ซAngle of contact is the angle(measured through the liquid)between the wall of a capillary tube and the tangent to the meniscus of the liquid in the tube
NOTE : - The meniscus could be concave or convex depending on the nature of the liquid.Angle of contact depends on the neatness of the wall of the glass tube
When a liquid has concave meniscus, the angle of contact is acute. When it has a convex meniscus, the angle of contact is obtuse.
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Cohesion is the force of attraction between molecules of thesame substance or kind e.g molecules of mercury
๐ ADHESION
Adhesion is the force of attraction between molecules of different substances or kinds e.g molecules of water and glass_
EFFECT OF COHESION AND ADHESION
Counting of papers with moist finger
water rises up in the capillary tube while mercury falls in a capillary tube
water forms a concave meniscus in a glass tube while mercury forms a convex meniscus
This phenomena is possible because The adhesion of water molecule to glass is greater than their cohesion while the cohesion of mercury molecules is greater than their adhesion to glass
๐ANGLE OF CONTACT
๐ซAngle of contact is the angle(measured through the liquid)between the wall of a capillary tube and the tangent to the meniscus of the liquid in the tube
NOTE : - The meniscus could be concave or convex depending on the nature of the liquid.Angle of contact depends on the neatness of the wall of the glass tube
When a liquid has concave meniscus, the angle of contact is acute. When it has a convex meniscus, the angle of contact is obtuse.
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โ
THE HOMOLOGOUS SERIES
A series of compounds in which successive members differ from each other by a specific structural unit (CH2) is called a homologous series e.g. alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, alkanols, etc. A member of a homologous series is called a homologue.
A homologous series has the following properties:
1. All members conform to a general formula.
e.g.
โกAlkanes - CnH2n+2
โกAlkenes - CnH2n
โกAlkynes - CnH2n-2
โกAlkanols - CnH2n+1OH; etc.
Where n is the number of carbon atoms.
2. Successive members differ in formula by -CH2 or 14grammes.
3. A general method of preparation exists for all members of a homologous series.
4. All members show similar chemical properties.
5. There is a gradual change in the physical properties of members of a homologous series with increasing number of carbon atoms.
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A series of compounds in which successive members differ from each other by a specific structural unit (CH2) is called a homologous series e.g. alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, alkanols, etc. A member of a homologous series is called a homologue.
A homologous series has the following properties:
1. All members conform to a general formula.
e.g.
โกAlkanes - CnH2n+2
โกAlkenes - CnH2n
โกAlkynes - CnH2n-2
โกAlkanols - CnH2n+1OH; etc.
Where n is the number of carbon atoms.
2. Successive members differ in formula by -CH2 or 14grammes.
3. A general method of preparation exists for all members of a homologous series.
4. All members show similar chemical properties.
5. There is a gradual change in the physical properties of members of a homologous series with increasing number of carbon atoms.
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๐จ OXIDES
Oxides are formed when elements combine with oxygen. They can be classified into several groups namely;
๐ป Basic Oxides: they are oxides of metals. Do you react with acids to form a salt and water only. E.g
NaโO + 2HCl + 2NaCl + HโO
๐ป Acidic Oxides: they are oxides of non-metals. They react with water to form acids. They react with alkalis to form a salt and water only. E g
COโ + 2NaOH ---> NaโCOโ + HโO
๐ป Amphoteric Oxides: they are metallic oxides which can behave as basic oxides and as acidic oxides i.e they can react with both acids and alkalis to form salts and water only. They include;
๐ Zinc oxide
๐ Aluminum oxide
๐ Lead (II) oxide
๐ Tin (IV) oxide
Memory tip: ZALT oxides
๐ป Neutral Oxides: these oxides are neither acidic or basic. Hence, they are neutral to litmus. This include; water, carbon (II) oxide and nitrogen (I) oxide.
๐ป Other higher oxides: other higher oxides resemble the peroxide in that they contain a higher proportion of oxygen than the ordinary oxides. E.g
๐ Iron (II) diiron (III) oxide [FeโOโ]
๐ Dilead (II) lead (IV) oxide [PbโOโ]
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Oxides are formed when elements combine with oxygen. They can be classified into several groups namely;
๐ป Basic Oxides: they are oxides of metals. Do you react with acids to form a salt and water only. E.g
NaโO + 2HCl + 2NaCl + HโO
๐ป Acidic Oxides: they are oxides of non-metals. They react with water to form acids. They react with alkalis to form a salt and water only. E g
COโ + 2NaOH ---> NaโCOโ + HโO
๐ป Amphoteric Oxides: they are metallic oxides which can behave as basic oxides and as acidic oxides i.e they can react with both acids and alkalis to form salts and water only. They include;
๐ Zinc oxide
๐ Aluminum oxide
๐ Lead (II) oxide
๐ Tin (IV) oxide
Memory tip: ZALT oxides
๐ป Neutral Oxides: these oxides are neither acidic or basic. Hence, they are neutral to litmus. This include; water, carbon (II) oxide and nitrogen (I) oxide.
๐ป Other higher oxides: other higher oxides resemble the peroxide in that they contain a higher proportion of oxygen than the ordinary oxides. E.g
๐ Iron (II) diiron (III) oxide [FeโOโ]
๐ Dilead (II) lead (IV) oxide [PbโOโ]
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Physics
Hookeโs law is an empirical law. True or False?
A) Trueโ
B) False
C) Cannot be determined
Solution
An empirical law is one which can be proven using an experiment, and Hooke's law happens to fit into this category. Option A is correct โ
Hookeโs law states that?
A) stress is always proportional to strainโ
B) stress is proportional to strain before ultimate tensile strength
C) stress is proportional to strain under elastic limit
D) stress and strain are never directly proportional
Solution
A basic explanation of Hooke's law is that provided the elastic limit of an elastic material is not exceeded, the applied force is always proportional to the extension produced. However, it could be restated that *the stress experienced in an elastic material is proportional to the resulting strain*. For this reason, Stress ฮฑ Strain, and the ratio of stress to strain is always CONSTANT. This constant is known as The Young's Modulus of the material. A is correct โ
As the tension in an elastic string is increased from 100N to 180N, the string extends by 10cm. The work done in increasing the tension is ?
A) 8J
B) 10J
C) 14Jโ
D) 18J
The load supported by a spring is increased from 50N to 90N . If the force constant for the spring is 2000N/m, the additional energy stored in the spring due to the increase in load is?
A)1.4Jโ
B)0.9J
C)0.5J
D)0.4J
Solution
When the load is 50N
W = Fยฒ/2k
= 50ยฒ/2(2000)
= 0.625J
When the load is 90N
W = Fยฒ/2k
= 90ยฒ/2(2000)
= 2.025
โW = 2.025-0.625
โW = 1.4Jโ
A 5m long wire is fixed to the ceiling. A weight of 10kg is hung at the lower end, and is 1m above the floor. The wire was elongated by 1mm. The energy stored in the wire due to stretching is?
A) zero B) 0.05J โ C)100J D) 500J
Solution
elongation (extension) = 1mm = 1ร10-ยณm
Force = 10kgร10m/sยฒ = 100N
ENERGY stored = ยฝFe
= ยฝร100ร10-ยณ
= 0.5ร10-ยน
= 0.05Jโ
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Hookeโs law is an empirical law. True or False?
A) Trueโ
B) False
C) Cannot be determined
Solution
An empirical law is one which can be proven using an experiment, and Hooke's law happens to fit into this category. Option A is correct โ
Hookeโs law states that?
A) stress is always proportional to strainโ
B) stress is proportional to strain before ultimate tensile strength
C) stress is proportional to strain under elastic limit
D) stress and strain are never directly proportional
Solution
A basic explanation of Hooke's law is that provided the elastic limit of an elastic material is not exceeded, the applied force is always proportional to the extension produced. However, it could be restated that *the stress experienced in an elastic material is proportional to the resulting strain*. For this reason, Stress ฮฑ Strain, and the ratio of stress to strain is always CONSTANT. This constant is known as The Young's Modulus of the material. A is correct โ
As the tension in an elastic string is increased from 100N to 180N, the string extends by 10cm. The work done in increasing the tension is ?
A) 8J
B) 10J
C) 14Jโ
D) 18J
The load supported by a spring is increased from 50N to 90N . If the force constant for the spring is 2000N/m, the additional energy stored in the spring due to the increase in load is?
A)1.4Jโ
B)0.9J
C)0.5J
D)0.4J
Solution
When the load is 50N
W = Fยฒ/2k
= 50ยฒ/2(2000)
= 0.625J
When the load is 90N
W = Fยฒ/2k
= 90ยฒ/2(2000)
= 2.025
โW = 2.025-0.625
โW = 1.4Jโ
A 5m long wire is fixed to the ceiling. A weight of 10kg is hung at the lower end, and is 1m above the floor. The wire was elongated by 1mm. The energy stored in the wire due to stretching is?
A) zero B) 0.05J โ C)100J D) 500J
Solution
elongation (extension) = 1mm = 1ร10-ยณm
Force = 10kgร10m/sยฒ = 100N
ENERGY stored = ยฝFe
= ยฝร100ร10-ยณ
= 0.5ร10-ยน
= 0.05Jโ
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๐Alloy
An alloy is a substance prepared by adding one or more element to a base or parent metal to obtain desirable products
๐Brass -Cu and zn
Use for making moving parts of clocks and watches
๐Bronze- Cu and Sn
For making coins and medal
๐ Duralumin- Al, Cu ,Mg Mn
For construction of air craft, ships and machineries
๐Steel- Fe and C
For construction of bridges ships and machineries
๐ permallory- Fe and Ni
For making electromagnet
๐Alnico -Fe,Al,Ni,Co
for making permanent magnet
๐Soft solder - Pb and Sn
For welding and plumbing
๐Type metal -Pb , Sb , Sn
For printing
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An alloy is a substance prepared by adding one or more element to a base or parent metal to obtain desirable products
๐Brass -Cu and zn
Use for making moving parts of clocks and watches
๐Bronze- Cu and Sn
For making coins and medal
๐ Duralumin- Al, Cu ,Mg Mn
For construction of air craft, ships and machineries
๐Steel- Fe and C
For construction of bridges ships and machineries
๐ permallory- Fe and Ni
For making electromagnet
๐Alnico -Fe,Al,Ni,Co
for making permanent magnet
๐Soft solder - Pb and Sn
For welding and plumbing
๐Type metal -Pb , Sb , Sn
For printing
๐ฏDon't miss our ongoing intensive UTME tutorial. Enroll today and get access to all we have done.
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โค3
1.which of the following is use for the construction of bridges
A. Bronze
B. Steelโ
C. Soft solder
D. Alnico
2.coinage bronze is made up of cu, zn and
A. Al
B. Be
C. Snโ
D. Na
3.an alloy is usually regarded as
A. A compound
B. A set of element
C. Uniform mixture โ
D. None of the above
4.which of the following is use for printing
A. Type metalโ
B. Alnico
C. Duralumin
D. Brass
5.Galena is an ore of
A.copper
B.leadโ
C. Aluminum
D. Tin
6.potassium is very hard to extract with electrolysis because
A. It is soft
B. It is deliquescent
C. It evaporates fast
D. It is very reactiveโ
7.Haber process is use to produce
A. Sulfur
B. Ammoniaโ
C. Sodium bicarbonate
D. Nitrogen
8.calcium react directly with nitrogen to form
A. Ca3N3
B. Ca2N3
C. Ca3N2โ
D. Ca3N
9.most metal exist in nature as
A. Crust
B. Alloy
C. Oresโ
D. Felspar
10.Tin is purified by
A. Remeltingโ
B. Concentrating
C. Roasting
C. All of the above
๐ฏDon't miss our ongoing intensive UTME tutorial. Enroll today and get access to all we have done.
*Date- Jan. 11th- April 24th,2025*
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- 10 hours+ of intensive preparation daily (4 hours+ of intensive lectures included)
- Winning over โฆ100, 000 cash prize available for top scorers
- Daily Study challenge and brainstorming coupled with giving your study report daily
- Standard mocks weekly with prizes available to be won
- Covering the entire JAMB syllabus
- Treating of thousand of JAMB questions
- Tricks to answering JAMB questions correctly
- Daily synonyms, idioms, antonyms e. t. c
- Access to over 100 recommended and relevant texts and past Questions for JAMB.
- Standard mentorship and follow up
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A. Bronze
B. Steelโ
C. Soft solder
D. Alnico
2.coinage bronze is made up of cu, zn and
A. Al
B. Be
C. Snโ
D. Na
3.an alloy is usually regarded as
A. A compound
B. A set of element
C. Uniform mixture โ
D. None of the above
4.which of the following is use for printing
A. Type metalโ
B. Alnico
C. Duralumin
D. Brass
5.Galena is an ore of
A.copper
B.leadโ
C. Aluminum
D. Tin
6.potassium is very hard to extract with electrolysis because
A. It is soft
B. It is deliquescent
C. It evaporates fast
D. It is very reactiveโ
7.Haber process is use to produce
A. Sulfur
B. Ammoniaโ
C. Sodium bicarbonate
D. Nitrogen
8.calcium react directly with nitrogen to form
A. Ca3N3
B. Ca2N3
C. Ca3N2โ
D. Ca3N
9.most metal exist in nature as
A. Crust
B. Alloy
C. Oresโ
D. Felspar
10.Tin is purified by
A. Remeltingโ
B. Concentrating
C. Roasting
C. All of the above
๐ฏDon't miss our ongoing intensive UTME tutorial. Enroll today and get access to all we have done.
*Date- Jan. 11th- April 24th,2025*
Features:
- 10 hours+ of intensive preparation daily (4 hours+ of intensive lectures included)
- Winning over โฆ100, 000 cash prize available for top scorers
- Daily Study challenge and brainstorming coupled with giving your study report daily
- Standard mocks weekly with prizes available to be won
- Covering the entire JAMB syllabus
- Treating of thousand of JAMB questions
- Tricks to answering JAMB questions correctly
- Daily synonyms, idioms, antonyms e. t. c
- Access to over 100 recommended and relevant texts and past Questions for JAMB.
- Standard mentorship and follow up
- and lots more....
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โค3
"โคBig Congratulations to Stephen!
Stephen, an undergraduate from another institution, joined our UTME tutorial last year and achieved an impressive 300+ score in JAMB. He's now admitted to study MB:BS at FUTA!
This is what matters most to us - helping you achieve your academic goals. Read Stephen's inspiring testimony and discover how we can help.
Make this year's JAMB your last! Enroll in our tutorial and gain admission to your desired course. Our program has already delivered beyond expectations - check out our flyers to see the amazing benefits!
Don't miss this opportunity! *Note*
Our second month of tutorials begins today, February 13th, and will run until March 14th. We will complete the syllabus we started in January.
โคAs a bonus, you will get free access to all our past sessions! When you enroll
๐ฏTo enroll, DM via https://wa.me/2349151886372?text=Hi+DT+secretary,+my+name+is---%2C+I%27m+interested+in+DT%27s+JAMB+Tutorial
Join us and make your academic dreams a reality!"
Stephen, an undergraduate from another institution, joined our UTME tutorial last year and achieved an impressive 300+ score in JAMB. He's now admitted to study MB:BS at FUTA!
This is what matters most to us - helping you achieve your academic goals. Read Stephen's inspiring testimony and discover how we can help.
Make this year's JAMB your last! Enroll in our tutorial and gain admission to your desired course. Our program has already delivered beyond expectations - check out our flyers to see the amazing benefits!
Don't miss this opportunity! *Note*
Our second month of tutorials begins today, February 13th, and will run until March 14th. We will complete the syllabus we started in January.
โคAs a bonus, you will get free access to all our past sessions! When you enroll
๐ฏTo enroll, DM via https://wa.me/2349151886372?text=Hi+DT+secretary,+my+name+is---%2C+I%27m+interested+in+DT%27s+JAMB+Tutorial
Join us and make your academic dreams a reality!"
๐ฎ๐ฎ๐ฎ
Is our tutorial expensive?? Ok, do the calculation yourself.
Paying โฆ4K for DT monthly tutorial implies you are paying just โฆ133 or less per day to learn from great tutors who scored 350+ and 330+ in JAMB, for at least 4 hours daily. You will also enjoy additional benefits, including: Mocks,Daily brainstorming sessions, 100+ relevant JAMB pdfs e. t. c. Check the flyer for details.
Also, paying 7k as one term payment for two months implies you are paying just โฆ115 to learn at least Four hours daily from top- notch tutors.
This is an unbeatable offer! Don't miss this incredible opportunity. Register via https://wa.me/2349151886372?text=Hi+DT+secretary,+my+name+is---%2C+I%27m+interested+in+DT%27s+JAMB+Tutorial"
*Note*
Our second month of tutorials begins today, February 13th, and will run until March 14th. We will complete the syllabus we started in January.
โคAs a bonus, you will get free access to all our past sessions! When you enroll
๐ฏTo enroll, send a DM to our secretary
Is our tutorial expensive?? Ok, do the calculation yourself.
Paying โฆ4K for DT monthly tutorial implies you are paying just โฆ133 or less per day to learn from great tutors who scored 350+ and 330+ in JAMB, for at least 4 hours daily. You will also enjoy additional benefits, including: Mocks,Daily brainstorming sessions, 100+ relevant JAMB pdfs e. t. c. Check the flyer for details.
Also, paying 7k as one term payment for two months implies you are paying just โฆ115 to learn at least Four hours daily from top- notch tutors.
This is an unbeatable offer! Don't miss this incredible opportunity. Register via https://wa.me/2349151886372?text=Hi+DT+secretary,+my+name+is---%2C+I%27m+interested+in+DT%27s+JAMB+Tutorial"
*Note*
Our second month of tutorials begins today, February 13th, and will run until March 14th. We will complete the syllabus we started in January.
โคAs a bonus, you will get free access to all our past sessions! When you enroll
๐ฏTo enroll, send a DM to our secretary
โค4 am to 7am studies is one of the trainings our students are instructed to do, to ensure they are consistently studying. We also still engage our students in daily brainstorming, daily study challenge, frequent mocks, daily intensive lectures and lots more. Don't miss this great offer for just 4k per month or 7k as one term payment for 2 months.
*Note*
Our second month of tutorials started, February 13th, and will run until March 14th. We will complete the syllabus we started in January.
โคAs a bonus, you will get free access to all our past sessions! When you enroll
๐ฏTo enroll, send a DM to our secretary via https://wa.me/2349151886372?text=Hi+DT+secretary,+my+name+is---%2C+I%27m+interested+in+DT%27s+JAMB+Tutorial
*Note*
Our second month of tutorials started, February 13th, and will run until March 14th. We will complete the syllabus we started in January.
โคAs a bonus, you will get free access to all our past sessions! When you enroll
๐ฏTo enroll, send a DM to our secretary via https://wa.me/2349151886372?text=Hi+DT+secretary,+my+name+is---%2C+I%27m+interested+in+DT%27s+JAMB+Tutorial
๐ฐ Inorganic Chem Question Drill
1. Hydrogen was named by
A) Priestly
B) Lavoisierโ
C) J.J. Thompson
D) Cavendish
2. Which of the following metals would not liberate hydrogen from water or steam?
A) iron
B) magnesium
C) copperโ
D) zinc
3. What process is used in the industrial production of hydrogen in large quantities
A) haber process
B) Bosch processโ
C) frasch process
D) ostwald process
4. Synthesis gas differ from water gases because
A) they are composed of different gases
B) synthesis gas is more reactive
C) they have different mode of preparationโ
D) synthesis gas contains less hydrogen
5. What step in Bosch process is spontaneous
A) oxidation of steam
B) reduction of carbon
C) production of water gas
D) reduction of steamโ
๐ฏDon't miss our ongoing intensive UTME tutorial. Enroll today and get access to all we have done.
Our second month of tutorials started February 13th, and will run until March 14th. We will complete the syllabus we started in January.
*Date- Jan. 11th- April 24th,2025*
Features:
- 10 hours+ of intensive preparation daily (4 hours+ of intensive lectures included)
- Winning over โฆ100, 000 cash prize available for top scorers
- Daily Study challenge and brainstorming coupled with giving your study report daily
- Standard mocks weekly with prizes available to be won
- Covering the entire JAMB syllabus
- Treating of thousand of JAMB questions
- Tricks to answering JAMB questions correctly
- Daily synonyms, idioms, antonyms e. t. c
- Access to over 100 recommended and relevant texts and past Questions for JAMB.
- Standard mentorship and follow up
- and lots more....
Venue- WhatsApp/Telegram
๐To join DM https://wa.me/2349151886372?text=Hi+DT+secretary,+my+name+is---%2C+I%27m+interested+in+DT%27s+JAMB+Tutorial
1. Hydrogen was named by
A) Priestly
B) Lavoisierโ
C) J.J. Thompson
D) Cavendish
2. Which of the following metals would not liberate hydrogen from water or steam?
A) iron
B) magnesium
C) copperโ
D) zinc
3. What process is used in the industrial production of hydrogen in large quantities
A) haber process
B) Bosch processโ
C) frasch process
D) ostwald process
4. Synthesis gas differ from water gases because
A) they are composed of different gases
B) synthesis gas is more reactive
C) they have different mode of preparationโ
D) synthesis gas contains less hydrogen
5. What step in Bosch process is spontaneous
A) oxidation of steam
B) reduction of carbon
C) production of water gas
D) reduction of steamโ
๐ฏDon't miss our ongoing intensive UTME tutorial. Enroll today and get access to all we have done.
Our second month of tutorials started February 13th, and will run until March 14th. We will complete the syllabus we started in January.
*Date- Jan. 11th- April 24th,2025*
Features:
- 10 hours+ of intensive preparation daily (4 hours+ of intensive lectures included)
- Winning over โฆ100, 000 cash prize available for top scorers
- Daily Study challenge and brainstorming coupled with giving your study report daily
- Standard mocks weekly with prizes available to be won
- Covering the entire JAMB syllabus
- Treating of thousand of JAMB questions
- Tricks to answering JAMB questions correctly
- Daily synonyms, idioms, antonyms e. t. c
- Access to over 100 recommended and relevant texts and past Questions for JAMB.
- Standard mentorship and follow up
- and lots more....
Venue- WhatsApp/Telegram
๐To join DM https://wa.me/2349151886372?text=Hi+DT+secretary,+my+name+is---%2C+I%27m+interested+in+DT%27s+JAMB+Tutorial
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IMG-20241223-WA0007(5).jpg
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JAMB EXAMINATION is starting on the 25th of April, 2025. It's just 69 days to the exam. How prepared are you? Are you done with the syllabus? Don't miss our second month tutorial that just started . We are set to help you cover the syllabus this month. Enroll in our tutorial today.
Pay the price now so you can win the prize later.
*Note*
Our second month of tutorials started february 13th, and will run until March 14th. We will complete the syllabus we started in January.
โคAs a bonus, you will get free access to all our past sessions! When you enroll
๐ฏTo enroll, send a DM to our secretary via https://wa.me/2349151886372?text=Hi+DT+secretary,+my+name+is---%2C+I%27m+interested+in+DT%27s+JAMB+Tutorial
Pay the price now so you can win the prize later.
*Note*
Our second month of tutorials started february 13th, and will run until March 14th. We will complete the syllabus we started in January.
โคAs a bonus, you will get free access to all our past sessions! When you enroll
๐ฏTo enroll, send a DM to our secretary via https://wa.me/2349151886372?text=Hi+DT+secretary,+my+name+is---%2C+I%27m+interested+in+DT%27s+JAMB+Tutorial
๐1
๐very reactive metal include
๐potassium
๐sodium
๐ calcium
๐magnesium
๐ Aluminum
Note |๐The above are metals are extracted by electrolysis of fused hydroxide, chloride or oxides
๐moderately reactive metals include
aluminium
โกzinc
โก iron
โกtin
โกlead
Note๐the above metal are extracted by Roasting of their trioxocarbonate and sulphide to form oxides .this is done by the reduction of oxides by carbon or carbon (ii) oxide
๐less reactive metals include
๐ฅ copper
๐ฅ Mercury
๐ฅsilver
๐ฅgold
The above metals can be extracted by Roasting in air of their sulphide while some like Au and Ag exist as free element .
๐ฏDon't miss our ongoing intensive UTME tutorial. Enroll today and get access to all we have done.
Our second month of tutorials started February 13th, and will run until March 14th. We will complete the syllabus we started in January.
*Date- Jan. 11th- April 24th,2025*
Features:
- 10 hours+ of intensive preparation daily (4 hours+ of intensive lectures included)
- Winning over โฆ100, 000 cash prize available for top scorers
- Daily Study challenge and brainstorming coupled with giving your study report daily
- Standard mocks weekly with prizes available to be won
- Covering the entire JAMB syllabus
- Treating of thousand of JAMB questions
- Tricks to answering JAMB questions correctly
- Daily synonyms, idioms, antonyms e. t. c
- Access to over 100 recommended and relevant texts and past Questions for JAMB.
- Standard mentorship and follow up
- and lots more....
Venue- WhatsApp/Telegram
๐To join DM https://wa.me/2349151886372?text=Hi+DT+secretary,+my+name+is---%2C+I%27m+interested+in+DT%27s+JAMB+Tutorial
๐potassium
๐sodium
๐ calcium
๐magnesium
๐ Aluminum
Note |๐The above are metals are extracted by electrolysis of fused hydroxide, chloride or oxides
๐moderately reactive metals include
aluminium
โกzinc
โก iron
โกtin
โกlead
Note๐the above metal are extracted by Roasting of their trioxocarbonate and sulphide to form oxides .this is done by the reduction of oxides by carbon or carbon (ii) oxide
๐less reactive metals include
๐ฅ copper
๐ฅ Mercury
๐ฅsilver
๐ฅgold
The above metals can be extracted by Roasting in air of their sulphide while some like Au and Ag exist as free element .
๐ฏDon't miss our ongoing intensive UTME tutorial. Enroll today and get access to all we have done.
Our second month of tutorials started February 13th, and will run until March 14th. We will complete the syllabus we started in January.
*Date- Jan. 11th- April 24th,2025*
Features:
- 10 hours+ of intensive preparation daily (4 hours+ of intensive lectures included)
- Winning over โฆ100, 000 cash prize available for top scorers
- Daily Study challenge and brainstorming coupled with giving your study report daily
- Standard mocks weekly with prizes available to be won
- Covering the entire JAMB syllabus
- Treating of thousand of JAMB questions
- Tricks to answering JAMB questions correctly
- Daily synonyms, idioms, antonyms e. t. c
- Access to over 100 recommended and relevant texts and past Questions for JAMB.
- Standard mentorship and follow up
- and lots more....
Venue- WhatsApp/Telegram
๐To join DM https://wa.me/2349151886372?text=Hi+DT+secretary,+my+name+is---%2C+I%27m+interested+in+DT%27s+JAMB+Tutorial
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๐1
๐ฅOral English class has begun, so don't wait any longer! Many students have failed the JAMB exam in the past because they only registered without dedicating sufficient time to preparation. Don't let your registration and transportation fees go to waste. Your peers are already benefiting from our intensive tutorial program. Don't miss this opportunity to join them. To register, kindly DM our secretary via https://wa.me/2349151886372?text=Hi+DT+secretary,+my+name+is---%2C+I%27m+interested+in+DT%27s+JAMB+Tutorial
*Note*
Our second month of tutorials started February 13th, and will run until March 14th. We will complete the syllabus we started in January.
โคAs a bonus, you will get free access to all our past sessions! When you enroll
Subjects available: English, maths, physics, Biology and chemistry
*Note*
Our second month of tutorials started February 13th, and will run until March 14th. We will complete the syllabus we started in January.
โคAs a bonus, you will get free access to all our past sessions! When you enroll
Subjects available: English, maths, physics, Biology and chemistry
๐2โค1
NITROGEN AND IT`S COMPOUNDS ๐๐
INTRODUCTION
-Nitrogen is element 7 in the periodic table and it occurs majorly as a free element in nature.
- it makes up about 78% of the volume of air in the atmosphere,
- free nitrogen is important in the atmosphere because it helps to dilute oxygen to the point where combustion and oxidation of metals are reasonably slow,
- Nitrogen occurs in its combined forms and its one of the major component present in proteins of both plants and animals
LABORATORY PREPARATION OF NITROGEN๐
This can be done in various ways which includes
-liquefaction of air
-Thermal decomposition of NH4NO2( ammonium dioxonitrate iii)
- Reduction of the oxide of nitrogen
- Thermal decomposition of ammonium heptaoxo dichromate vi
๐๐
1 liquefaction of air; The air sample that is collected can be separated using two methods
a Physical method
The air is enclosed in a container and is converted into liquid mixture by reducing the temperature and increasing the pressure.
when converted to liquid form they are separated by fractional distillation. This makes each constituent of air to boil out then liquid in nitrogen is obtained
b Chemical methods
Components of air can be obtained by using chemical reagent to separate or absorb the different components of air
-CO2 can be obtained by using caustic soda (NaOH)
- Oxygen can be obtained by using
a alkaline pyrogallol( 1,2,3- trihydroxybenzene)
b burning phosphorus
c heated copper
-water vapour in air can be absorbed using drying agent such as CaCl2
NOTEโผ๏ธNitrogen and noble gases cannot be absorbed by chemical reactant because they are unreactive.
The reactive component can be separated by physical method( fractional distillation)
๐ฏDon't miss our ongoing intensive UTME tutorial. Enroll today and get access to all we have done.
Our second month of tutorials started February 13th, and will run until March 14th. We will complete the syllabus we started in January.
*Date- Jan. 11th- April 24th,2025*
Features:
- 10 hours+ of intensive preparation daily (4 hours+ of intensive lectures included)
- Winning over โฆ100, 000 cash prize available for top scorers
- Daily Study challenge and brainstorming coupled with giving your study report daily
- Standard mocks weekly with prizes available to be won
- Covering the entire JAMB syllabus
- Treating of thousand of JAMB questions
- Tricks to answering JAMB questions correctly
- Daily synonyms, idioms, antonyms e. t. c
- Access to over 100 recommended and relevant texts and past Questions for JAMB.
- Standard mentorship and follow up
- and lots more....
Venue- WhatsApp/Telegram
๐To join DM https://wa.me/2349151886372?text=Hi+DT+secretary,+my+name+is---%2C+I%27m+interested+in+DT%27s+JAMB+Tutorial
INTRODUCTION
-Nitrogen is element 7 in the periodic table and it occurs majorly as a free element in nature.
- it makes up about 78% of the volume of air in the atmosphere,
- free nitrogen is important in the atmosphere because it helps to dilute oxygen to the point where combustion and oxidation of metals are reasonably slow,
- Nitrogen occurs in its combined forms and its one of the major component present in proteins of both plants and animals
LABORATORY PREPARATION OF NITROGEN๐
This can be done in various ways which includes
-liquefaction of air
-Thermal decomposition of NH4NO2( ammonium dioxonitrate iii)
- Reduction of the oxide of nitrogen
- Thermal decomposition of ammonium heptaoxo dichromate vi
๐๐
1 liquefaction of air; The air sample that is collected can be separated using two methods
a Physical method
The air is enclosed in a container and is converted into liquid mixture by reducing the temperature and increasing the pressure.
when converted to liquid form they are separated by fractional distillation. This makes each constituent of air to boil out then liquid in nitrogen is obtained
b Chemical methods
Components of air can be obtained by using chemical reagent to separate or absorb the different components of air
-CO2 can be obtained by using caustic soda (NaOH)
- Oxygen can be obtained by using
a alkaline pyrogallol( 1,2,3- trihydroxybenzene)
b burning phosphorus
c heated copper
-water vapour in air can be absorbed using drying agent such as CaCl2
NOTEโผ๏ธNitrogen and noble gases cannot be absorbed by chemical reactant because they are unreactive.
The reactive component can be separated by physical method( fractional distillation)
๐ฏDon't miss our ongoing intensive UTME tutorial. Enroll today and get access to all we have done.
Our second month of tutorials started February 13th, and will run until March 14th. We will complete the syllabus we started in January.
*Date- Jan. 11th- April 24th,2025*
Features:
- 10 hours+ of intensive preparation daily (4 hours+ of intensive lectures included)
- Winning over โฆ100, 000 cash prize available for top scorers
- Daily Study challenge and brainstorming coupled with giving your study report daily
- Standard mocks weekly with prizes available to be won
- Covering the entire JAMB syllabus
- Treating of thousand of JAMB questions
- Tricks to answering JAMB questions correctly
- Daily synonyms, idioms, antonyms e. t. c
- Access to over 100 recommended and relevant texts and past Questions for JAMB.
- Standard mentorship and follow up
- and lots more....
Venue- WhatsApp/Telegram
๐To join DM https://wa.me/2349151886372?text=Hi+DT+secretary,+my+name+is---%2C+I%27m+interested+in+DT%27s+JAMB+Tutorial
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โค1
Damilare achieved an impressive score of 323 in his JAMB exam after joining our UTME tutorial for just one month. He wishes he had joined us earlier, but now it's your turn! Don't miss this opportunity to get a head start. Join us early, Our expert team is dedicated to helping you achieve your best results this year.
Enroll today and get access to all we have done. DM our secretary to register now via: https://wa.me/2349151886372?text=Hi+DT+secretary,+my+name+is---%2C+I%27m+interested+in+DT%27s+JAMB+Tutorial
*Note*
Our second month of tutorials started February 13th, and will run until March 14th. We will complete the syllabus we started in January.
โคAs a bonus, you will get free access to all our past sessions! When you enroll
Subjects available: English, maths, physics, Biology and chemistry
Enroll today and get access to all we have done. DM our secretary to register now via: https://wa.me/2349151886372?text=Hi+DT+secretary,+my+name+is---%2C+I%27m+interested+in+DT%27s+JAMB+Tutorial
*Note*
Our second month of tutorials started February 13th, and will run until March 14th. We will complete the syllabus we started in January.
โคAs a bonus, you will get free access to all our past sessions! When you enroll
Subjects available: English, maths, physics, Biology and chemistry