🔶D.D Binocular Diplopia
▪️paralytic squint (4,6)
▪️pterygium
▪️blowout fractures

🔶D.D of watery eye (neonate)
▪️congenital NLD obstruction
▪️congenital glaucoma
▪️ophthalmia neonatorum

🔶D.D of Blue sclera
▪️Buphthalmous
▪️marfan syndrome
▪️High myopia
▪️scleral staphyloma
▪️physiological (children , infant)

🔶D.D of EYE reflex :
🔴Red reflex _........ (NORMAL)
⚪️white reflex ......(leukocoria)
🔘 Grey reflex......( retinal detachment)
⚫️ Black reflex ,,(vitreous hemorrhage)
🟡Yellow reflex .....( vitreous pus)
🔴🔴Double red reflex ..(poly coria,, iridodialysis,,, peripheral iridoectomy )
⭕️ ring red reflex ....( nuclear cataract)

🔶D.D narrow palpebral fissure
▪️odema of lids
▪️ptosis
▪️phtaitis bulbi
▪️micro phthalmos

🔶D.D wide palpebral apertures (fissure)

▪️proptosis
▪️buphthalmos
▪️upper lid retraction

🔶 D.D Marcus Gunn pupil (RAPD)
▪️optic neuritis
▪️retinal detachment
▪️ CRAO
▪️CRVO

🔶D.D decreased corneal sensation
▪️herpes simplex keratitis
▪️herpes zoster ophthalmicus
▪️DM
▪️Trigeminal dysfunction

🔶D.D OF RED EYE
▪️conjunctivitis
▪️keratitis
▪️endophthalmitis
▪️scleritis &episcleritis

🔶D.D enlargement of blind spot
▪️POAG
▪️papilledema

🔸Ring Scotoma
▪️POAG
▪️Retinitis pigmentosa

🔶D.D OF Bitemporal hemianopia
▪️pituitary tumours
▪️meningioma

🔶D.D of sudden painless loss of vision
▪️CRAO
▪️massive vitreous hemorrhage
▪️ischemic CRVO
▪️Methanol poisoning ( اذكرو الكارثة يلي صارت في 2013 )

🔶D.D sudden painful loss of vision
▪️acute congestive glaucoma
▪️acute iridocyclitis
▪️chemical injury
▪️optic neuritis

🔶D.D night blindness (nyctalopia)
▪️vitamin A deficiency
▪️retinitis pigmentosa
▪️peripheral cortical cataract
▪️high myopia

🔶D.D Day blindness
▪️central nuclear cataract
▪️central vitreous opacity
▪️congenital deficiency of Cones

🔶D.D cherry red spot in macula
▪️commotio retina
▪️CRAO
▪️Quinine poisoning
▪️giant cell arteritis

🔶D.D causes of PHOTOPSIA
▪️posterior vitreous detachment
▪️retinitis
▪️retinal detachment
▪️vitreous traction (cyclitic membrane(

🔶D.D Conjunctival discharge
▪️watery discharge (viral inflammation)
▪️mucoid discharge ( vernal conjunctivitis)
▪️purulent discharge (acute bacterial infection)
▪️Mucopurulent discharge (mild bacteria《chlamydial infection》)

🔶D.D of heterochromia
▪️congenital
▪️Horner's syndrome
▪️Fuch's hetero chromia Cyclitis
▪️Drud( xalatan)