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๐Ÿ”น๏ธ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุฏู‡ ู…ุชุดุฎุต Depression ู…ู† ุณู†ุฉ ูˆู…ุงุดูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุนู„ุงุฌ .

๐Ÿ”น๏ธ ุฒู…ูŠู„ู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ุงูˆุถุฉ ุฏุฎู„ ูŠุตุญูŠู‡ ู„ุงู‚ุงู‡ ุจุงู„ุดูƒู„ ุฏู‡ ุŒ ูˆู…ุด ุจูŠุณุชุฌูŠุจ ู„ุงูŠ ุงุณุฆู„ุฉ ุŒ ูˆู„ู…ุง ุญุงูˆู„ ูŠุญุฑูƒู‡ ู„ู‚ู‰ ุฌุณู…ู‡ ู…ุฎุดุจ .

๐Ÿ”น๏ธ ู„ู…ุง ุฌูŠู†ุง ู†ูุญุตู‡ ุจู†ุณุงู„ู‡ ุงู„ู†ู‡ุงุฑุฏู‡ ูŠูˆู… ุงูŠู‡ ุŸ ูุฑุฏ ุจูƒู„ู…ุฉ ูŠูˆู… ูŠูˆู… ูŠูˆู… ูˆู‚ุนุฏ ูŠูƒุฑุฑู‡ุง .

โœ ุชูุชูƒุฑูˆุง ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุงูŠู‡ ุŸ ูˆุงุฒุงูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุนุงู„ุฌู‡ ุŸ

#Psychiatry
ู…ู‡ู… โค๏ธ
Red eye ?!

โ˜† ciliary injection :- ุงู„ุฅุญู…ุฑุงุฑ ุญูˆู„ ุงู„ Cornea

1- Acute congestive Glaucoma
2- Anterior Uveitis
3- keratitis / corneal abrasion

โ˜† conjunctival injection :-

1- Conjunctivitis
2- Scleritis
3- Episcleritis
4- dry eye ....
5- allergic
...etc

#ุนูŠูˆู†
๐Ÿ›‘Rapid Painfull loss of vision?

1- Acute congestive Glaucoma
2- Anterior Uveitis
2- keratitis

๐Ÿ›‘Painless rapid loss of vision ?!

1โ˜† Ischemic Optic Nueropathy :-

a) arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy :- Temporal Arthritis and giant cell arthritis " Painfull "

b) non-arteritic optic neuropathy :- Atherosclerosis " Silent "

2โ˜† Retinal Artery occlusion

3โ˜† Retinal vein occlusion

4โ˜† Retinal detachment

#ุนูŠูˆู†
๐Ÿ›‘ signs of congenital Glaucoma

1-Increas Horizontal diameter of cornea ( Ox eye )
2-Angle dysgnesis by Gonioscopy (mainly in 1ry )
3-Optic nerve changes
4-Haab's stria
5-Blue sclera
6-Deep anterior chamber
7-Axial myopia

ุฏ. ุนุฏู†ุงู† ุซุงุจุช

#ุนูŠูˆู†
Forwarded from Loay Al Bokari
๐Ÿ›‘Abnormal Uterine Bleeding Mangment :

๐ŸŸก Treat the cause if present .

๐ŸŸก If no identifiable cause ( Dysfunctional Utrine Bleedig ): ๐Ÿ‘‡๐Ÿป

๐Ÿ”ดAcute bleeding (Medical ,Hormonal , Surgical)

1-medical :โœจ

๐Ÿ”ธTranexamic acid IV ( 10 mg /kg every 6 hours til the bleeding stops or diminished then chang to oral )

2-Hormonal โœจ

๐Ÿ”ธOCP cntain ethynil estradiol
One pill every 6 hour till bleeding stop or diminished then
Tapring one pill every 8 hours then every 12 hours

3-Surgical โœจ
๐Ÿ”ธD&C
๐Ÿ”ธIntrauterine Foley Ballon can be inflat as temporary till the drugs action occurs
Forwarded from Loay Al Bokari
๐Ÿ”ด Chronic DUB (Regular & irregular )

๐Ÿ”ถRegular ( Menorrhagia ) : (medical , Hormonal , Surgical )

1-Medical > Gives for 5 cycle โœจ

A- Tranexamic acid (500ร—3 for first 1-5 days )

๐Ÿ”ปMechanism of action (MOA)
-by inhibition fibrinolysis
๐Ÿ”ปcontraindications:
- History of DVT ,Pulmonary embolism , DIC

B- Mefenamic acid (500ร—3 for first 1-5 days )

๐Ÿ”ปMOA :
-inhibition of CoX > decrease PGE


2-Hormonal: โœจ

A- OCP for 21 day

๐Ÿ”ปMOA :
- Atrophy of endometrium
-Also decrease fibrinolysis

๐Ÿ”ปContraindication >> ุงู„ูƒุชุงุจ

B- LNG -IUS
this most effective method (70% - 97 %) specially in :

-In sever & recurrence case
- Patient not tolerate OCP
- multiparty old woman
-She need contraception

๐Ÿ”ปMOA :
-Endometrial atrophy

C- Cyclic Medroxy progesterone acetate
10mg per day for 10 days ( 10-24)

-If she didn't need contaception

๐Ÿ”ปMOA :
-Endometrial atrophy


๐ŸŸข If all previous method failed : other Hormonal

D- Continues Medroxyprogestron acetate
10 ร— 3 for 3 cycle

๐Ÿ”ปMOA
- induce Amenorrhea

E- GnRH analogous :

๐Ÿ”ปMOA :
-Medical induce Menopause


3- Surgical : โœจ

A- Endometrial ablation > iatrogenic induce Asherman's syndrome
B- Hysterectomy (last choice bute cure for DUB)



๐Ÿ”ถIregullar (Metrorrhagia )

โœจ Should start with Hormonal to induces regullar cycle then treat as sam regular

#ูˆุณู„ุงู…ุชูƒู…
Patient had history of
Fever ๐Ÿค’
Fatigue ๐Ÿ˜ฉ
New onset heart murmur ๐Ÿ’”

#What's_your_spot_diagnosis?
Surgical notes
Roth spot Infective endocarditis #ุนูŠูˆู†
โœ”๏ธโœ”๏ธโœ”๏ธ๐Ÿ‘๐Ÿผ๐Ÿ‘๐Ÿผ๐Ÿ‘๐Ÿผ
๐Ÿ”ด ุบุฒู„ ุจุฏุฃุช ุชุญุณ ุจุฎูˆู ูุฌุฃุฉ ูˆู‡ูŠูŠ ู†ุงูŠู…ุฉ ุŒ ูˆุตุงุฑุช ุชุดูˆู ุจุฑุฏุงูŠุฉ ุบุฑูุชู‡ุง ุญุฑุงู…ูŠ ุนู… ูŠุญุงูˆู„ ูŠุฏุฎู„ ุบุฑูุชู‡ุง๐Ÿฅน

โฌ… ๏ธูŠุง ุชุฑู‰ ุบุฒู„ ุดูˆ ุตุงุฑ ุนู†ุฏู‡ุง โ€ผ๏ธ

๐ŸŸขุชูˆู‡ู… Delusion

๐ŸŸ ู‡ู„ุงูˆุณ Hallucination

๐ŸŸกุงู†ุฎุฏุงุน Illusion ( โœ”๏ธ )
.....

ุงู„ูุฑู‚ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ุชูˆู‡ู… ูˆุงู„ู‡ู„ุงูˆุณ ูˆุงู„ุงู†ุฎุฏุงุน :

๐ŸŸขุงู„ุชูˆู‡ู… Delusions : ุงุนุชู‚ุงุฏ ุซุงุจุซ ุฑุงุณุฎ ุฎุงุทุฆ ู„ุง ูŠุชุฒุนุฒุน ูˆู„ุง ูŠุณุชุฌูŠุจ ู„ู„ู†ู‚ุงุด ุงู„ู…ู†ุทู‚ูŠ .
( False beliefs )

๐ŸŸ ุงู„ู‡ู„ุงูˆุณ Hallucinations : ู‡ูŠ ุงุฏุฑุงูƒ ูƒุงุฐุจ ู…ุน ุนุฏู… ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ู…ุคุซุฑ ุฎุงุฑุฌูŠ ุฃูˆ ุฏุงุฎู„ูŠ ุญู‚ูŠู‚ูŠ .
( False perception with the absence of external stimuli)

๐ŸŸกุงู„ุงู†ุฎุฏุงุน Illusions : ู‡ูˆ ุงุฏุฑุงูƒ ูˆุงุณุชู‚ุจุงู„ ุฎุงุทุฆ ู…ุน ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ู…ุคุซุฑ ุฎุงุฑุฌูŠ ุฃูˆ ุฏุงุฎู„ูŠ .
( Mis - interpretation of real Stimuli)

#ู†ูุณูŠุฉ
โญ• ุจู…ุง ุงู†ูˆ ุงู„ุฌูˆ ุดูˆุจ ูƒุชูŠุฑุŒ ุงู„ูƒู„ ุนู… ูŠุตูŠุฑ ู†ุฒู‚ ูˆ ุนุตุจูŠ. ุญุฏุง ุจูŠุนุฑู ู„ูŠุด ุŸ

โœ… ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฌุณู… ุชุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ู‡ุฑู…ูˆู† ุงู„ูƒูˆุฑุชูŠุฒูˆู„ (Cortisol) ูˆู‡ุฐุง ูŠุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงุฑุชูุงุน ู…ุนุฏู„ ุถุฑุจุงุช ุงู„ู‚ู„ุจ ูˆุถุบุท ุงู„ุฏู… ูˆู…ู† ุซู… ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ู†ุฒู‚ ูˆ ุงู„ุงู†ุฒุนุงุฌ ุจุดูƒู„ ุณุฑูŠุน.

โœ… ุชุคุซุฑ ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุงู„ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ุฃูŠุถู‹ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฏู…ุงุบ ุจุณุจุจ ู†ู‚ุต ุงู„ุฃูƒุณุฌูŠู† ููŠ ู…ู†ุงุทู‚ ุงู„ุฏู…ุงุบ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชุชุญูƒู… ููŠ ุงู„ุงู†ุฏูุงุน, ูˆุจู…ุง ุฃู† ุงู„ุฌุณู… ูŠูˆุฌู‡ ุงู„ู…ุฒูŠุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฏู… ุฅู„ู‰ ุณุทุญ ุงู„ุฌู„ุฏ ููŠ ู…ุญุงูˆู„ุฉ ู„ู„ุชุจุฑูŠุฏุŒ ูŠู†ุฎูุถ โ€‹โ€‹ุงู„ุชููƒูŠุฑ ุงู„ู‡ุงุฏุฆ ูˆ ูˆุฐู„ูƒ ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ุณูŠุฑูˆุชูˆู†ูŠู† (Serotonin) ูŠู†ุฎูุถ.

#ู…ู†ู‚ูˆู„
โญ• ุจุชุนุฑู ุดูˆ ุงู„ูุฑู‚ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ุฎูˆูุŒ ูˆุงู„ู‚ู„ู‚ุŒ ูˆุงู„ุฑู‡ุงุจ (ุงู„ููˆุจูŠุง) โ‰๏ธ

โœ… ุงู„ุฎูˆู Fear : ู…ุดุงุนุฑ ุบูŠุฑ ุณุงุฑุฉ ู†ุงุชุฌุฉ ุนู† ู…ู†ุจู‡ ุญู‚ูŠู‚ูŠ ุฎุงุฑุฌูŠ ูŠุดูƒู„ ุชู‡ุฏูŠุฏ ู„ู„ุดุนูˆุฑ ุจุงู„ุฃู…ุงู†.

โœ… ุงู„ู‚ู„ู‚ Anxiety : ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุฎูˆู ุฏูˆู† ุณุจุจุŒ ุฃูˆ ู…ุน ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุณุจุจ ุบูŠุฑ ู…ู‚ู†ุน.

โœ… ุงู„ุฑู‡ุงุจ phobia : ุงู„ุฎูˆู ุงู„ุดุฏูŠุฏ ู…ู† ุฃุดูŠุงุก ู„ุง ุชุณุจุจ ุฎูˆู ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ุขุฎุฑูŠู†.

#ู†ูุณูŠุฉ
ู‡ุฐูŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ุชู†ุชุฌ ุนู† :-
Abnormal connection between the nerve that serves Jaw opening " Trigminal nerve " with the Upper Eyelid..

ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุงูŠุญุตู„ ุงู†ูˆ ูŠุฌูŠ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ูˆุนู†ุฏู‡ Congenital ptosis of the Upper eyelid

ูˆู‚ุช ู…ุง ูŠุฌูŠ ูŠูุชุญ ูู…ู‡ ุงู„ Ptosis ูŠุฑูˆุญ โœจ ุงูˆ ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงู… ูŠุญุฑูƒ ุงู„ Pterygoid

#ุนูŠูˆู†
๐Ÿ›‘How to manage Hyperkalemia ๐Ÿค” ?!

Answer :- Dr.kalemic

ู†ุจุฏุก ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃุฎูŠุฑ ุงู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ :-

C :- Ca Gluconate , stablize the heart

I :- insulin + Glucose " Dextrose "

M :- Metabolic acidosis correction = Bicarbonate

L :- lasix ( loop diuretic)

E:- ECG monitoring

A :- Albuterol " Beta agonist "

K :- Kayexalate " Potassium chelating agent "

R :- re- chart ( repeat Investigations)

D :- Dialysis

ุฏ. ุฑุฃูุช ุงู„ู‚ุงุถูŠ

#ุฃุทูุงู„
#ุจุงุทู†ุฉ
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AKI Classification ๐Ÿ›‘ ู…ู‡ู…

#ุฃุทูุงู„
Lactulose may be administered as an enema to patients who are comatose and unable to take the medication by mouth. The recommended dosing is 300 mL lactulose plus 700 mL water, administered as a retention enema every 4 hours as needed.

Lactulose (or other non-absorbable disaccharide) administration has become a standard practice in episodic hepatic encephalopathy in advanced liver cirrhosis. Based on its mechanism of action in the large intestine, we thought that a retention enema might shorten the time to improvement in hepatic encephalopathy

#ุจุงุทู†ุฉ