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Breast Cancer - causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, pathology
#Osmosis
#obstetrics
#gynecology

ยฉOsmosis obstetrics/gynecology
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Epithelial ovarian cancer - causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, pathology
#Osmosis
#obstetrics
#gynecology

ยฉOsmosis obstetrics/gynecology
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Disseminated intravascular coagulation - causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, pathology
#Osmosis
#obstetrics
#gynecology

ยฉOsmosis obstetrics/gynecology
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Germ cell ovarian tumors - causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, pathology
#Osmosis
#obstetrics
#gynecology

ยฉOsmosis obstetrics/gynecology
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Forwarded from Fallen in Medicine ๐ŸŒš๐Ÿ’‰
Nematodes: ones spreading by egg ingestion

"ATE eggs":

โ€ขAscaris Lumbricoides

โ€ขTrichuris trichuira

โ€ขEnterobius vermicularis

spread by ingestion of eggs (vs skin invasion or insect bite)
Forwarded from Fallen in Medicine ๐ŸŒš๐Ÿ’‰
DNA viruses: morphology rule of thumb

DNA:

Double-stranded
Nuclear replication
'Anhedral symmetry

*Rule breakers: pox (cytoplasmic), parvo (single-stranded).
Forwarded from Fallen in Medicine ๐ŸŒš๐Ÿ’‰
Picornavirus: features

PICORNAvirus:

Positive sense
ICOsahedral
RNA virus
Forwarded from Clinical medicine (None None)
short notes dr. Adnan.pdf
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Lecture 15 Hypersenisitivty type prinit.pdf
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ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุงู‹ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ู„ู ุญู‚ ุงู„ุฏูƒุชูˆุฑ ุตุงู„ุญ ุจุงุญุงุฌ ุจูƒุฑุฉ
๐Ÿ’ข #ู…ู‡ู…_ุฌุฏุง

๐Ÿ‘‰The most dangerous complication for methimazole is agranolocytosis, despite it an infrequent but potentially fatal.
ูƒู…ุง ูƒุฑุฑู‡ุง ุงู„ุฏูƒุชูˆุฑ ุนุฏู†ุงู†: ู‡ูŠ ุตุญ ู†ุงุฏุฑุฉ ู„ูƒู† ุงู† ูˆุฌุฏุช ูู‡ูŠ ุฎุทูŠุฑุฉ ูˆู‚ุฏ ุชูƒูˆู† ู‚ุงุชู„ุฉ.

#ูุงุฑู…ุง
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๐Ÿ”…Type_I_Hypersensitivity_-_IgE_Mediated

(ู„ู„ุชูุงุตูŠู„ ุงุถุบุท๐Ÿ”บ)

๐Ÿ”…๐Ÿ‘‰ T.me/patho9600
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๐Ÿ”…Type_II_Hypersensitivity_-_Cytotoxic_Type_ 2
#ุงู„ูƒูˆูƒุจ_ุงู„ุทุจูŠ_ู…ู…ูƒู„ุฉ_ุงู„ุทุจ

(ุงุถุบุท ู„ู„ุชูุงุตูŠู„๐Ÿ”บ)
๐Ÿ”…๐Ÿ‘‰ T.me/patho9600
โž–โž–โž–โž–โž–โž–โž–โž–โž–โž–โž–โž–โž–โž–โž–
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๐Ÿ”… Type_III_Hypersensitivity_-_Immune_Complex_Type 3
#ุงู„ูƒูˆูƒุจ_ุงู„ุทุจูŠ

๐Ÿ”…๐Ÿ‘‰ t.me/patho9600
โž–โž–โž–โž–โž–โž–โž–โž–โž–โž–โž–โž–โž–โž–โž–โž–
๐Ÿ‘†๐Ÿ‘†ู‡ุคู„ุงุก ุดุฑุญ ุจุงุฎุชุตุงุฑ ู„ู„ูŠ ุฏุฑุณู†ุงู‡ู… ููŠ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ูˆุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุณุงุจู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู…ู†ุงุนุฉ ู…ุน ุงู„ุฏูƒุชูˆุฑ ุตุงู„ุญ ุจุงุญุงุฌ
#ู…ู†ุงุนุฉ
#ู…ูŠูƒุฑูˆ

๐Ÿ’ COPD: (4 types and hallmark)
๐Ÿ”นูŠุฌุชู…ุนูˆุง ููŠ ุจุฏุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฎู…ุณุฉ ุงู„ุญุฑูˆู ุงู„ุฃุจุฌุฏูŠุฉ ุงู„ุงู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ๐Ÿ˜๐Ÿ‘ˆABCDE:
-Asthma
-Brochiectasis
-Chronic bronchitis
-Dyspnea [hallmark of group]
-Emphysema

#ุงูŠู‡ุงุจ_ุงู„ูˆุฌูŠู‡
#ุจุงุซูˆ
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โ™ฆ๏ธExplain:
Benign hypertension is associated with marked left ventricular hypertrophy but malignant hypertension is associated with mild left ventricular hypertrophy ?

Answer:
This occurs according to duration ...when the duration is short as malignant form, the change will be less and mild but in benign the opposite will occur
#ุจุงุซูˆ
ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุฑุฌุน ุฑุงุฆุน ู„ู„ุจุงุซูˆ ูŠุชุถู…ู† ูƒู„ ุดุจุชุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุจุงุซูˆ ุจุดูƒู„ ุณุคุงู„ ูˆุฌูˆุงุจ ุฑุงุงุฆุน ๐Ÿ‘
๐Ÿ›‘๐Ÿ›‘Hypersensitivity reaction 2
Occurs when the antibody attacks the antigen presented on cell surface or the basement mambrane

But in case of an organism >> the antigen is presented on cell surface โ—๏ธโ—๏ธ
But here it is a ๐ŸŒนprotection ๐ŸŒน.. not a type of hypersensitivity reactions ...

ุจุงู„ุนุฑุจูŠ ...
ุงู„ุฌู‡ุงุฒ ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุนูŠ ู„ู‡ ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุฅูŠุฌุงุจูŠุฉ ูˆู„ู‡ ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุณู„ุจูŠุฉ ..
ุงู„ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฅูŠุฌุงุจูŠุฉ >> ุฏูุงุน ุนู† ุงู„ุฌุณู… ุถุฏ ุงู„ู…ูŠูƒุฑูˆุจุงุช ูˆุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุงู„ุบูŠุฑ ุทุจูŠุนูŠุฉ ูˆุงู„ุฎ

ุงู„ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุงู„ุณู„ุจูŠุฉ >> ุงู„ู‡ุงูŠุจุฑุณู†ุณูŠุชููŠุชูŠ ูˆ ุงู„ู‚ุฑุงูุช ุฑูŠุฌูŠูƒุดู† ูˆุงู„ุงุชูˆ ุงู…ูŠูˆู† ูˆุงู„ุฎ..

ูู…ู…ูƒู† ุงู„ antibody ูŠุฑุชุจุท ุจุงู„ Antigen ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ cell surface ..
ุงุฐุง ูƒุงู† self cell ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ RBCs ุจู‚ูˆู„ hypersensitivity
ุงุฐุง ูƒุงู† invading organism ุจู‚ูˆู„ ุดูƒุฑุงุง ู‡ุฐุง protection ุดูŠ ุงู†ุง ุงุญุชุงุฌู‡

#ู…ู†ุงุนุฉ
#ู…ุงูŠูƒุฑูˆ
๐ŸŒบ ู„ูˆ ููŠ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุฏุนุณ ู…ุณู…ุงุฑ ..
ุจูŠุนุทูˆู‡ Anti- tetanus ุŸ
ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุงูŠุด ุŸ ุนู† Antibodies ู…ู† ู…ุตุฏุฑ ุญูŠูˆุงู†ูŠ .... ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ู„ู…ุง ุชุญู‚ู†ู‡ุง ุจุงู„ุฌุณู… .. ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ุงู†ุชูŠ ุจุฏูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุนุงู‡ ุงู†ุชูŠุฌูŠู† ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ูƒ foreign ู„ู„ุฌุณู… ูˆููŠ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุงุช ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุชุณุจุจ ููŠ Hypersensitivity reaction type 3 ..
ูŠู‚ูˆู… ุงู„ุฌุณู… ูŠุทู„ุน ู„ู‡ Antibody
ุงู„ุงู† ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุงู†ุชูŠุฌูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฏุฎู„ุช ุงู„ุฌุณู… ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ excess ..
ูุจุงู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ูŠุชูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ immune complexes ูˆุชุคุฏูŠ ุงู„ู‰ ุธู‡ูˆุฑ ุงู„ุงุนุฑุงุถ ...
ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฎุจุฑ ุงุณู…ู‡ serum sickness

ูˆูŠุนุชุจุฑ๐ŸŒท self limited๐ŸŒท ู„ุงู†ูˆ ุจู†ุนุทูŠู‡ single dose ูˆ ุจูŠูƒู…ู„ ุงู„ุงู†ุชูŠุฌูŠู† ุจุนุฏ ุดูˆูŠุฉ

#ู…ู†ุงุนุฉ
#ู…ุงูŠูƒุฑูˆ