Surgical notes
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blue-domed cyst of Bloodgood ..

In Fibrocystic changes,
When small Cysts coagulate to form large Cyst .. may filled with Blood Content..

#جراحة
( ANDI ) =aberration of normal development and involution

Terms for Fibrocystic changes which is considered as a normal Variant in Female Breast .

#جراحة
الحلات الممنوع فيها إعطاء ال Ringer lactate

1- diabetic ketoacidosis

2- severe liver disease

3- severe metabolic acidosis

4- hyperkalemia or renal insufficiency

5- heart failure or severe edema

6- severe anemia or hemorrhagic shock

#باطنة

منقول
Patients with diabetic ketoacidosis: Ringer lactate contains glucose which can worsen hyperglycemia and exacerbate diabetic ketoacidosis.

Patients with severe liver disease: Ringer lactate may cause liver damage due to the accumulation of lactate in the body.

Patients with severe metabolic acidosis: Ringer lactate may worsen acidosis in patients with severe metabolic acidosis because it contains lactate which can enhance acidosis.

Patients with hyperkalemia or renal insufficiency: Ringer lactate contains potassium which can exacerbate hyperkalemia or cause electrolyte imbalance in patients with renal insufficiency.

Patients with heart failure or severe edema: Ringer lactate may exacerbate heart failure or severe edema due to its sodium content.

Patients with severe anemia or hemorrhagic shock: Ringer lactate may not be the best option for patients with severe anemia or hemorrhagic shock as it can worsen hemodilution and worsen hypovolemia.

In summary, Ringer lactate may be contraindicated in patients with conditions such as diabetic ketoacidosis, severe liver disease, severe metabolic acidosis, hyperkalemia or renal insufficiency, heart failure or severe edema, severe anemia or hemorrhagic shock. However, each patient’s condition must be evaluated on a case-by-case basis, and a healthcare professional can make the best decision based on their individual needs.

#باطنة
#جراحة

منقول
Types of Invasive Breast Cancer

#جراحة
Forwarded from Group "F"- Internship
Glasgow coma scale
مهم جدا 🛑
د. ماجد عامر
#جراحة
Hoffman's sign

( #neurology )
Leg raising test

( #neurology )
Forwarded from Group (3)"A"-6th year-(34)th batch (Nossiba Ali)
اللهم ان طلاب دفعة 34 يرجونك في هذا الشهر الفضيل وهذه الايام المباركه الا تصعب عليهم أمرا وان تبارك لهم في اوقاتهم وان تسهل مذاكرتهم وتسهل اختباراتهم

يااارب وان تسخر لهم قلوب الدكاترة في اختبارات البكلوريوس ومابعدها وان تسخر لهم قلوب كل من احوجتهم اليهم
يارب وان تنفع بهم عبادك وأمتك وان تؤلف بين قلوبهم وان تعينهم على ماتبقى في مسيرتهم التي يجاهدون فيها لنيل رضاك يارب إنك تعلم كم تعبو وكم سهرو تعلم انهم سخرو اعمارهم وشبابهم في سبيلك يارب فكما أعنتهم في السنين الماضيه أعنهم فيما بقى
Dandy - walker Malformation ..

1- Dilated Forth ventricle ( cystic Dilatation)

2- hypgensis or agensis of Vermis of Cerebellum

3- superior displacement of tentorium


+ associated with syringomyelia
( #neurology)
Dd od Dandy-walker

( #neurology)
Surgical notes
Dd od Dandy-walker ( #neurology)
Miga cisterna magna is considered as Normal Varient ..

( #neurology)
Chairi Malformation

Downward displacement of the Cerebellar Tonsils ( Narrow foramen Magnum)
Compresion of central canal
Medulla

+associated with Spina bifida ( meningo-mylocele )

( #neurology )
Forwarded from Aseel Al-Burihi
حلو
What are the types of Chiari malformation?
What is the management of chiari malformation?
Forwarded from Aseel Al-Burihi
طبعا هنا بناء على تصنيف Chiari بين 1881-1885 قسم Chiari malformation إلى أربع أنواع
Type I
وفيه يكون caudal displacement of cerebellar tonsil below foramen magnum into upper cervical canal

Type II
Caudal displacement of cerebellar vemis, 4th ventricle and medulla oblangata below the foramen magnum
وهنا في pathologist ألماني اسمه يوليوس ارنولد وجد ملاحظات مشابهة عام 1894 فتم تسميتها
Arnold-Chiari malformation

Type III
Caudal displacement of the cerebellum and brain stem into a cervical meningeocele

وفي التصنيف الأصلي ل Chiari كان في type IV واللي كان عبارة عن حالات hypoplastic cerebellum
Forwarded from Aseel Al-Burihi
Type 2
يترافق بصورة كبيرة مع syringomyelia and myelomeningeocele وهذا الارتباط يؤثر على الخصائص الإكلينيكية لهذا التشوه
Forwarded from Aseel Al-Burihi
من ضمن الأسئلة كانت
What are the possible causes of hydrocephalus in a case of Chiari malformation ?
هنا بنقول
1- Aqueduct stenosis, atresia ir forking
2- Fusion of sup and inf colliculi bilaterally on both sides
3- Small and crowded post cranial fossa
Forwarded from Aseel Al-Burihi
Surgical notes
Type 2 يترافق بصورة كبيرة مع syringomyelia and myelomeningeocele وهذا الارتباط يؤثر على الخصائص الإكلينيكية لهذا التشوه
طبعا هذا الارتباط يمكن تفسيره بميكانزمات معينة ضمن الآلية المرضية
أهمها
Hydrodynamic theory by Gardner
و Differential pressure between intraspinal and intracranial fluid compartments by Williams