🌺ملاحظات من محاضرة اليوم :-

1- The most common congenital anomalies in abdominal surgery
قال ممكن يجيب خيارات
والجواب الصح Biliary tract

2- Why chronic pancreatitis is rare " Nationally "
Due to life style


3-The most common site of pancreatic cancer
إجابته بأي كتاب مستهلك
Head of pancreas


4- Any gland like Thyroid, Adrenal , Pancreas >> Tumor is Adenocarcinoma

5-
ليش نشيل pancreas مع duodenum
لأنو في common blood supply


6- Why gangrene is not likely to happen in pancreas..
>> because it is rich in blood supply


7- Pain in epigastric reign +radiated to back and shock ....=acute pancretitis...ولو اجت الحاله باعراض

Acute abdomen ...ف المريض دخل peritonitis


8- Signs of Peritonitis:-
Rigidity
Tenderness
Rebound tenderness

9- Signs of Acute inflammation?
Redness , hotness , Pain , edema , lose of function

Murphy's sign is For : Acute Cholecystitis

10- Signs of Chronic inflammation
Anemia
Anorexia
Asthenia " تعب عام "


11- Types of Diagnosis

1. Provisional Diagnosis :-
E.x :- Enlargement of the liver

2. D.D. :-
e.x :- pain in the right Hypochondrem

3. SPOT :-
e.x :- lipoma

4. FINAL:-
After histopathology " Benign / Malignant "

12- Types of Pain According to the extension:-

1- Radiated :-
يمتد من منطقة ال Lesion الى منطقة أخرى
2- Shifted:-
ينتقل من منطقة الى منطقة اخرى
3- referred
ينحس في منطقة بعيدة عن ال Lesion
بسبب ال Common nerve supply

وقال مثال عليها Chronic Cholecystitis

🌸 الدكتور علي محمد صالح

#جراحة

تكملة الملاحظات تبع محاضرة أمس:-

1-The word pancreas comes from the Greek πᾶν (pân, “ all”) & κρέας (kréas, “flesh”

2- organs can be classified :-

Solid : Liver, kidney, spleen
Semisolid :pancreas , Lungs and brain
Soft : Small and large Bowel

3-الدكتور ايضا قال كيف نمنع الcancer
1- screaning and education
2- increase water intake to wash Poisons and chemicals
3- treating precancerous lesions

4-
Why tumors occure in certain sites ? Example : in the head of pancreas , in the rectosigmoid junction?

Bcz it occurs at sites of irritation and stasis also sites of change in PH " from alkaline to acid "

5- each organ has " بوابة "

6- causes of pancreatitis

50% idiopathic
50% biliary stones
ماذكرش بقية الاسباب الموجوده في الكتب

7- Tumor markers :- protein substance that presents in the early embryonic life then disappears, re-occurs in case of tumor ..

#جراحة

Stapling in rectal prolapse

#جراحة

Hypothyroidism * pediatric*

Notes that come as MCQ
Dr lamia'a

*The active form of thyroid hormones is "T3"

*The most common cause of mental retardation in pediatric is "congenital hypothyroidism"

*The commonest cause of congenital hypothyroidism is "thyroid dysgenesis"

*In hypothyroidism there is "disproportionate short stature"

*The most common symptom of cretinism is "asymptomatic"

*To prevent mental retardation in congenital hypothyroidism you should do "neonatal screening test" after birth

*In hypothyroidism the carpal bone is "absent"

*Amino acid bind to "organic" iodine

*thyroxin start in "third trimester"

*Most common cause of aquired hypothyroidism is "thyroditis"

Don't give thyroxin therapy with "iron, Ca,صويا" which decrease the absorption.

تقريبا هذه الملاحظات الي اضافتها الدكتورة اليوم وركزت عليهم وقالت بتجي MCQ بقيه الشرح موجود في السلايدات
#أطفال

باقي شي
قالت السؤال بدون ماتحدد كونجنتل او اكوايرد برضو تكون الاجابه thyroid dysgenesis

لو جاء السؤال كذا 👇🏿

most common cause of pediatric hypothyroidism is thyroid dysgenesis

"Protruding toung "

In down syndrome due to small mouth
But in hypothyroidism is due to thick and large toung