KAS
GER.pdf
ุชูุฎูุต ู
ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงูุฏูุชูุฑ ุงูุดูุงุฑู GERD ู
ุน ุจุนุถ ุงูุงุถุงูุงุช
ู ุน ุงูุดูุฑ ููุงุฎ ุฎููู ุณุฑุงุฌ
ู ุน ุงูุดูุฑ ููุงุฎ ุฎููู ุณุฑุงุฌ
Forwarded from Group "F"- Internship
โขโข
๐น (ูุตูุฏุฉ ุงูู ุณุงุก) ๐น
ุดููููู ุชูุดูููููู ูู ุงูุบุฑูุจู ูู ุง ุงููุฏู
ููุงูู ุงูุนูููู ููุถูุงุฑุฉู ูุงูุนูุณุฌูุฏุง
ูุงูุดู ุณู ูู ุฎูุฌููู ุชูููููููู ููุฑูุง
ู ูุซูู ุงูุฌูููููู ุนูู ุงูููุญูุงุธู ุชูู ูุฑูุฏุง
ูุงููููู ููุฑุฎูู ูู ุงูู ุณุงุก ุณูุฏูููููู
ูุงูุจุญุฑู ู ู ุญูููู ุงูุนููู ุชููููุฑูุฏูุง
ุฃูููุฌู ุงูุฌููุจุงูู ุชูู ูููุณูุช ุขุฑุงู ูุง
ููู ูุง ุซูุฑู ุงูุชูุจุฑู ุงููููููุณู ุชูููุจููุฏุง
ูุงูุดูู ุณู ูุงูุดููููู ุงูุฑุฎูู ู ููุญูููููุง
ุทูุฑูู ุชููููุญููู ููุถูุฉู ูุง ุฅูุซูู ุฏูุง
ูุงูุตููุจู ูู ูููู ููููุงุจูุฏู ูููุนูุฉู
ูุงูููุจู ุฎููููุงูู ูุฑูุฑู ููุฏููุฏูุง
ูุงููููู ู ููุงูุฑูุงุญู ุงูุฎุถูุจ ู ุฒุฎุฑูู
ููู ูุง ุจููู ุดููููู ุงูู ุณุงุก ุชุนุงู ุฏุง
ุดููููู ุชูุถูููููุนูุชู ุงูุฏูููุงุฑู ุนูุจูุฑููู
ูููููุงุนูุฌู ุงูุงููุงูู ุฒูุฏูู ุชูููุฑูุฏูุง
ูุงูุจุญุฑู ูุฏ ุฒุงุฏ ุงูุบุฑูุจู ุฃูุงูุฉู
ุดููููู ุบูุฏุง ุนูุฐุจู ุงูููุฑุงุชู ูููู ุตุฏู
ูุงููููุฌู ู ูู ุดูุจููู ููููุงุธูุฑู ููููุชูู
ูุงูุจูุฏุฑู ูู ุดูุบููู ููููุนุชูููู ุงูู ุฏู
ุฅููู ุฃุฑู ุงูุดููููู ุงูุฑุฎูู ุฑุตุงุตุฉู
ุตูุงุฏุช ุดูุบูุงูู ุงููููู ุฅู ุฃูุฒููู ุงูุฑุฏู
ู ูู ุฒููููุฉู ุงูุฃููุงูู ุฑูููููู ูููููุง
ุชูุทูุฑูุฒูุชู ุดุชู ุงูุจููุงุนู ุฒูู ูุฑูุฏุง
ุญูุจูููุช ุฃูุงุฏู ุงููููู ุฃุฒูู ุจูุฑุฏูุฉู
ู ูู ุฃููุฌูู ู ุฒููุฑู ุชูุถุงูู ุงูููุฑููุฏุง
ู ูู ุณููุฏูุณู ุฎูุถูุฑู ู ุน ุฅูุณุชูุจุฑูู
ู ูู ุญููููุฉู ุงููุงููุชู ุฎูุฑูู ุฒููุจูุฑูุฌูุฏุง
ููุชูููุดูุญูุช ุฃุจูู ุณูู ุงุกู ุฅูุฒูุงุฑููุง
ูุงูุจูุฏุฑู ูู ุนุฑุดู ุงูุณู ุงุกู ุชูุณููููุฏูุง
ููุบูุฏุช ููู ูู ุนูุงุฒู ุงูููุญูุงูู ููู ุงุฑูููุงู
ูุบุฏุช ููุฃููู ุงูุบูุจูู ุฃูุฏุณู ู ูุนูุจุฏุง
ุงูููููู ููุถุฑูู ู ูู ุงูู ูุชููููู ู ุฌูุฐูููุฉู
ููุชุตุทููู ุงูุฃูุดููุงุธู ูููุจูุงู ุฃูููุนูุฏูุง
ูู ุณุงุนุฉ ุงูุฅุบุณุงูู ููุญูู ููุตูุฏูุฉู
ุนุฒูู ุงูุบุฑูุจู ุงูุญูุจูู ูุญูุงู ุฎูุงููุฏุง
ุงูุงุณู / ุนุจุฏ ุงูุฑุญู ู ุงูุญุงูุทู
ุฌุงู ุนุฉุตูุนุงุก/ุทุจ ุจุดุฑู
ุงูู ุณุชูู ุงูุฑุงุจุน
๐น (ูุตูุฏุฉ ุงูู ุณุงุก) ๐น
ุดููููู ุชูุดูููููู ูู ุงูุบุฑูุจู ูู ุง ุงููุฏู
ููุงูู ุงูุนูููู ููุถูุงุฑุฉู ูุงูุนูุณุฌูุฏุง
ูุงูุดู ุณู ูู ุฎูุฌููู ุชูููููููู ููุฑูุง
ู ูุซูู ุงูุฌูููููู ุนูู ุงูููุญูุงุธู ุชูู ูุฑูุฏุง
ูุงููููู ููุฑุฎูู ูู ุงูู ุณุงุก ุณูุฏูููููู
ูุงูุจุญุฑู ู ู ุญูููู ุงูุนููู ุชููููุฑูุฏูุง
ุฃูููุฌู ุงูุฌููุจุงูู ุชูู ูููุณูุช ุขุฑุงู ูุง
ููู ูุง ุซูุฑู ุงูุชูุจุฑู ุงููููููุณู ุชูููุจููุฏุง
ูุงูุดูู ุณู ูุงูุดููููู ุงูุฑุฎูู ู ููุญูููููุง
ุทูุฑูู ุชููููุญููู ููุถูุฉู ูุง ุฅูุซูู ุฏูุง
ูุงูุตููุจู ูู ูููู ููููุงุจูุฏู ูููุนูุฉู
ูุงูููุจู ุฎููููุงูู ูุฑูุฑู ููุฏููุฏูุง
ูุงููููู ู ููุงูุฑูุงุญู ุงูุฎุถูุจ ู ุฒุฎุฑูู
ููู ูุง ุจููู ุดููููู ุงูู ุณุงุก ุชุนุงู ุฏุง
ุดููููู ุชูุถูููููุนูุชู ุงูุฏูููุงุฑู ุนูุจูุฑููู
ูููููุงุนูุฌู ุงูุงููุงูู ุฒูุฏูู ุชูููุฑูุฏูุง
ูุงูุจุญุฑู ูุฏ ุฒุงุฏ ุงูุบุฑูุจู ุฃูุงูุฉู
ุดููููู ุบูุฏุง ุนูุฐุจู ุงูููุฑุงุชู ูููู ุตุฏู
ูุงููููุฌู ู ูู ุดูุจููู ููููุงุธูุฑู ููููุชูู
ูุงูุจูุฏุฑู ูู ุดูุบููู ููููุนุชูููู ุงูู ุฏู
ุฅููู ุฃุฑู ุงูุดููููู ุงูุฑุฎูู ุฑุตุงุตุฉู
ุตูุงุฏุช ุดูุบูุงูู ุงููููู ุฅู ุฃูุฒููู ุงูุฑุฏู
ู ูู ุฒููููุฉู ุงูุฃููุงูู ุฑูููููู ูููููุง
ุชูุทูุฑูุฒูุชู ุดุชู ุงูุจููุงุนู ุฒูู ูุฑูุฏุง
ุญูุจูููุช ุฃูุงุฏู ุงููููู ุฃุฒูู ุจูุฑุฏูุฉู
ู ูู ุฃููุฌูู ู ุฒููุฑู ุชูุถุงูู ุงูููุฑููุฏุง
ู ูู ุณููุฏูุณู ุฎูุถูุฑู ู ุน ุฅูุณุชูุจุฑูู
ู ูู ุญููููุฉู ุงููุงููุชู ุฎูุฑูู ุฒููุจูุฑูุฌูุฏุง
ููุชูููุดูุญูุช ุฃุจูู ุณูู ุงุกู ุฅูุฒูุงุฑููุง
ูุงูุจูุฏุฑู ูู ุนุฑุดู ุงูุณู ุงุกู ุชูุณููููุฏูุง
ููุบูุฏุช ููู ูู ุนูุงุฒู ุงูููุญูุงูู ููู ุงุฑูููุงู
ูุบุฏุช ููุฃููู ุงูุบูุจูู ุฃูุฏุณู ู ูุนูุจุฏุง
ุงูููููู ููุถุฑูู ู ูู ุงูู ูุชููููู ู ุฌูุฐูููุฉู
ููุชุตุทููู ุงูุฃูุดููุงุธู ูููุจูุงู ุฃูููุนูุฏูุง
ูู ุณุงุนุฉ ุงูุฅุบุณุงูู ููุญูู ููุตูุฏูุฉู
ุนุฒูู ุงูุบุฑูุจู ุงูุญูุจูู ูุญูุงู ุฎูุงููุฏุง
ุงูุงุณู / ุนุจุฏ ุงูุฑุญู ู ุงูุญุงูุทู
ุฌุงู ุนุฉุตูุนุงุก/ุทุจ ุจุดุฑู
ุงูู ุณุชูู ุงูุฑุงุจุน
Forwarded from Group "F"- Internship
@Lajnasc_USF
ูู ุณู ุญุชู ุฒู ูุงุฆู ูุฒู ููุงุชู ุงููุฑุงู
ุฃุฏุฎููุง ุตูุชูุง ูู ูู ูุฐู ุงูููุงุฉ
ู ุนุงูุง ู ุณุงุจูุฉ
ุดุงุนุฑ ูููุฉ ุงูุทุจ
ูู ุณู ุญุชู ุฒู ูุงุฆู ูุฒู ููุงุชู ุงููุฑุงู
ุฃุฏุฎููุง ุตูุชูุง ูู ูู ูุฐู ุงูููุงุฉ
ู ุนุงูุง ู ุณุงุจูุฉ
ุดุงุนุฑ ูููุฉ ุงูุทุจ
Forwarded from Common Sense
Dyspnea in Acute myeloid leukemia may be due to Leukostasis
"Increased blood viscosity due to large leukemic blast populations which lead to symptoms of decrease tissue perfusion"
ุฏ/ ุฌู ูู ุงูุบุฒุงูู
#ุนูู _ูุงููุณู
"Increased blood viscosity due to large leukemic blast populations which lead to symptoms of decrease tissue perfusion"
ุฏ/ ุฌู ูู ุงูุบุฒุงูู
#ุนูู _ูุงููุณู
Forwarded from Common Sense
Notes on X-ray from physician point of view
๐ How to Differentiat between PA and AP films of X-ray โโ
โฝ๏ธ In PA film the clavicles form a V shape in the X-Ray image
๐ How to determine whether the X-ray dose was adequate or un proper dose โโ
โฝ๏ธ In Adequate dose we can only see the lining of vertebrae in the upper mediastinum
โฝ๏ธIn High dose we see the lining of vertebrae along the whole mediastinum " whole X-ray image" โก๏ธ it's used for vertebral column imaging
โฝ๏ธIn lose dose the vertebral lining is not seen
๐ปClinically
1โฃIn high dose image โก๏ธ soft tissue is not well seen โก๏ธwe could miss any pathology on lung OR we could wrongly diagnosed the patient as Pneumothorax
2โฃIn low dose image โก๏ธ soft tissue is more prominent โก๏ธ we mistake a bilateral infeltration pneumonia
๐ How to Differentiat between inspiratory and expiratory films โโ
โฝ๏ธUsually the 5th ant. rib crossing the mid diaphragm in the inspiratory film while it's above the diaphragm in expiratory film
๐ปClinically
1โฃ The expiratory films may give a false appearance of cardiomegaly
๐ Others note
1โฃ Prominent aorta in x-ray may indecate that the patient is almost more than 33
2โฃ Mitralization sign โถ๏ธ sign of Mitral stenosis " not specific may indecate others Mitral lesion" โถ๏ธ straightening of the left heart border in a chest x- ray due to dilatetion of left atrium and Pulmonary artery
3โฃ Left cardiophrenic angle is almost 60' degree
If it's Markedly acute โถ๏ธ Right ventricle enlargement
If it's obtuse โถ๏ธ left ventricular enlargement
4โฃ The right border of the heart consists of( Right ATRIUM ) , ascending aorta and SVC
ุฏูุชูุฑ/ ุฎุงูุฏ ุงูุงุบุจุฑู
#ุนูู _ูุงููุณู
๐ How to Differentiat between PA and AP films of X-ray โโ
โฝ๏ธ In PA film the clavicles form a V shape in the X-Ray image
๐ How to determine whether the X-ray dose was adequate or un proper dose โโ
โฝ๏ธ In Adequate dose we can only see the lining of vertebrae in the upper mediastinum
โฝ๏ธIn High dose we see the lining of vertebrae along the whole mediastinum " whole X-ray image" โก๏ธ it's used for vertebral column imaging
โฝ๏ธIn lose dose the vertebral lining is not seen
๐ปClinically
1โฃIn high dose image โก๏ธ soft tissue is not well seen โก๏ธwe could miss any pathology on lung OR we could wrongly diagnosed the patient as Pneumothorax
2โฃIn low dose image โก๏ธ soft tissue is more prominent โก๏ธ we mistake a bilateral infeltration pneumonia
๐ How to Differentiat between inspiratory and expiratory films โโ
โฝ๏ธUsually the 5th ant. rib crossing the mid diaphragm in the inspiratory film while it's above the diaphragm in expiratory film
๐ปClinically
1โฃ The expiratory films may give a false appearance of cardiomegaly
๐ Others note
1โฃ Prominent aorta in x-ray may indecate that the patient is almost more than 33
2โฃ Mitralization sign โถ๏ธ sign of Mitral stenosis " not specific may indecate others Mitral lesion" โถ๏ธ straightening of the left heart border in a chest x- ray due to dilatetion of left atrium and Pulmonary artery
3โฃ Left cardiophrenic angle is almost 60' degree
If it's Markedly acute โถ๏ธ Right ventricle enlargement
If it's obtuse โถ๏ธ left ventricular enlargement
4โฃ The right border of the heart consists of( Right ATRIUM ) , ascending aorta and SVC
ุฏูุชูุฑ/ ุฎุงูุฏ ุงูุงุบุจุฑู
#ุนูู _ูุงููุณู
Forwarded from Common Sense
๐ Respiratory causes of haemoptysis
1โฃ Infective : bronchitis - TB - pneumonia - COPD others fungal & viral infections of the lung
2โฃ Neoplastic : either primary or secondary
3โฃ Vascular : lung infarction - vasculitis ( ANCA-associated, SLE, Rheumatoid arthritis )
4โฃ Parenchymal : Diffuse Interstitial fibrosis, sarcoidosis, haemosiderosis, cystic fibrosis
5โฃ Pulmonary Hypertension
6โฃ Trauma or foreign body in the Airway
๐ Massive haemoptysis causes?
1โฃ TB
2โฃ Bronchiectasis
3โฃ Bronchogenic carcinoma
4โฃ Trauma in the Airway
โก๏ธ Because the lesion is supplied by bronchial artery ( high pressure )
1โฃ Infective : bronchitis - TB - pneumonia - COPD others fungal & viral infections of the lung
2โฃ Neoplastic : either primary or secondary
3โฃ Vascular : lung infarction - vasculitis ( ANCA-associated, SLE, Rheumatoid arthritis )
4โฃ Parenchymal : Diffuse Interstitial fibrosis, sarcoidosis, haemosiderosis, cystic fibrosis
5โฃ Pulmonary Hypertension
6โฃ Trauma or foreign body in the Airway
๐ Massive haemoptysis causes?
1โฃ TB
2โฃ Bronchiectasis
3โฃ Bronchogenic carcinoma
4โฃ Trauma in the Airway
โก๏ธ Because the lesion is supplied by bronchial artery ( high pressure )
Forwarded from Common Sense
๐ Ortner's syndrome
Mitral stenosis โก๏ธ dilatetion of the lt. Atrium
Leading to :
1โฃ Compression of Left laryngeal nerve โก๏ธ Hoarseness of voice
2โฃ Compression of the esophagus โก๏ธ dysphagia
3โฃ Compression of the trachea โก๏ธ shortness of breath, risk of aspiration cough and hemoptysis
Mitral stenosis โก๏ธ dilatetion of the lt. Atrium
Leading to :
1โฃ Compression of Left laryngeal nerve โก๏ธ Hoarseness of voice
2โฃ Compression of the esophagus โก๏ธ dysphagia
3โฃ Compression of the trachea โก๏ธ shortness of breath, risk of aspiration cough and hemoptysis
Forwarded from Common Sense
๐ Hemoptysis associated with Hematuria
โก๏ธ We must consider Goodpasture syndrome as possible cause.
Goodpasture syndrome most often manifests as diffuse alveolar hemorrhage and glomerulonephritis together.
โก๏ธ We must consider Goodpasture syndrome as possible cause.
Goodpasture syndrome most often manifests as diffuse alveolar hemorrhage and glomerulonephritis together.
Forwarded from Common Sense
๐ Hemoptysis only during menstruation in female patients??
Catamenial Hemoptysis
intrabronchial or parenchymal endometrial tissue deposits, and is considered a subset of extrapelvic endometriosis
Catamenial Hemoptysis
intrabronchial or parenchymal endometrial tissue deposits, and is considered a subset of extrapelvic endometriosis
Forwarded from Common Sense
๐ Peptic ulcer is more frequent in patients with liver cirrhosis .. Why ?
The liver is responsible for the metabolism and degradation of the Gastrin hormone
In case of liver cirrhosis.. The Gastren is not degradated in the liver โก๏ธ increase the level of Gastrin hormone โก๏ธ increase secretion of the pepsinogen and HCl from the stomach โก๏ธ Ulceration
ุฏ/ ู ูุตูุฑ ุงูุนู ุฑุงูู
#ุนูู _ูุงููุณู
The liver is responsible for the metabolism and degradation of the Gastrin hormone
In case of liver cirrhosis.. The Gastren is not degradated in the liver โก๏ธ increase the level of Gastrin hormone โก๏ธ increase secretion of the pepsinogen and HCl from the stomach โก๏ธ Ulceration
ุฏ/ ู ูุตูุฑ ุงูุนู ุฑุงูู
#ุนูู _ูุงููุณู
Forwarded from Common Sense
ุจุณู
ุงููู ุงูุฑุญู
ู ุงูุฑุญูู
( ููู ููู ุขูููุงุชููู ุฃููู ุฎููููู ููููู ู ู ููู ุฃูููููุณูููู ู ุฃูุฒูููุงุฌูุง ููุชูุณููููููุง ุฅูููููููุง โช๏ธ ููุฌูุนููู ุจูููููููู ู ู ูููุฏููุฉู ููุฑูุญูู ูุฉู ุฅูููู ููู ุฐููููู ููุขูููุงุชู ููููููู ู ููุชููููููุฑูููู )
ูุจุนุซ ุจุฃุญุฑ ูุงุณู ู ุงูุชูุงูู ูุงูุชุจุฑููุงุช ุจู ูุงุณุจุฉ ุฎุทูุจุฉ ุงูุฒู ูููู /
ุงุจุฑุงููู ู ุญู ุฏ ุนุจุฏู ูุงุฆุฏ ุงูุตุจุฑู
ุณุงุฑุฉ ุนุจุฏ ุงูุจุงุณุท ุนุจุฏุงููู ุงูุดู ูุฑู
ูุชู ูู ููู ุง ุฎุทูุจุฉ ุณุนูุฏุฉ ูุญูุงุฉ ู ููุฆุฉ ุจุงูู ุณุฑุงุช ูุนูุจุงู ุงููุฑุญุฉ ุงููุจุฑู ๐๐
#ุงูุฑุงุจุนุฉ_ุชุญุชูู
#ุงูุงุฆู_ุงูุฏูุนุฉ_ุฎุทุจูุง
( ููู ููู ุขูููุงุชููู ุฃููู ุฎููููู ููููู ู ู ููู ุฃูููููุณูููู ู ุฃูุฒูููุงุฌูุง ููุชูุณููููููุง ุฅูููููููุง โช๏ธ ููุฌูุนููู ุจูููููููู ู ู ูููุฏููุฉู ููุฑูุญูู ูุฉู ุฅูููู ููู ุฐููููู ููุขูููุงุชู ููููููู ู ููุชููููููุฑูููู )
ูุจุนุซ ุจุฃุญุฑ ูุงุณู ู ุงูุชูุงูู ูุงูุชุจุฑููุงุช ุจู ูุงุณุจุฉ ุฎุทูุจุฉ ุงูุฒู ูููู /
ุงุจุฑุงููู ู ุญู ุฏ ุนุจุฏู ูุงุฆุฏ ุงูุตุจุฑู
ุณุงุฑุฉ ุนุจุฏ ุงูุจุงุณุท ุนุจุฏุงููู ุงูุดู ูุฑู
ูุชู ูู ููู ุง ุฎุทูุจุฉ ุณุนูุฏุฉ ูุญูุงุฉ ู ููุฆุฉ ุจุงูู ุณุฑุงุช ูุนูุจุงู ุงููุฑุญุฉ ุงููุจุฑู ๐๐
#ุงูุฑุงุจุนุฉ_ุชุญุชูู
#ุงูุงุฆู_ุงูุฏูุนุฉ_ุฎุทุจูุง
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