1) Infected stage of Fasciola Gigentica is* Encysted metacercaria*

👉🏻 the Infective stage of All trematoda is (cercaria )
✨Encysted metacercaria in : Fasciola hepatica, Gigentica ... Hetrophyes hertrophyes , Pargaonimus...

✨Furcocercous cercariae in Schistosoma
_____

2) Hepatomegaly found in the following except :- *Pargaonimus*

a) Fasciola gigentica
b) Schistosoma
C) Pargaonimus
d)Hydatid cyst

👉🏻 Pargaonimus infect the lung only

✨ Schistosoma in the (stage of Invasionl ) has an Inflammatory reaction in skin " Dermatitis and papular Eruptiom" , Lung " Pnemonitis ,Liver " Enlarged and tender , in addetion to Urtecria , fever and Eosioophillia due to metabolites ..

_____

3) Halzon Disease is caused by the following Except:-

a) ingestion of fresh raw liver containing Adult Fasciola .

b)ingestion of Infected viscera containing the nymph of Linguatula serrata.

c) ingestion of infected Viscera containing the Adult of Linguatula serrata

d) A&B
e) Non of the Above

Answer is :- *C*

Halzoun : Buccopharyngeal infection of Humen

👉🏻 Linguatula serrata :-

Difinitive Host is the Dog ( Containing Adult Stage )

Habitat:- Nasel and respiratory passage .
Egg in nasel mucus ,saliva, feces
Ingested by Sheep >> larva in the Viscera

Nymph :- means ( طور ما بعد اليرقة )

Halzoun then caused by :- Adult Fasciola, Nymph ( larva ) of Linguatula serrata [ Adult infect Dog]

_

4) Hetrophyes Hytrophyes
Is *Trematode*
✨Infect Human ( D.H) and Fish-eating animals
✨By eating Raw or undercooked " Fseekh " containing Encysted metacercaria
✨Fseekh : type of Fish Mugil ( Boury ) and Tilapia ( Bolty )
__

5) All of the Following infect man by uncooked Fish Except :
a) Hetrophyes Hytrophyes
b) clonorchis Sinensis
c) Metagonimus Yokogawai
d) Fasciolopsis Buski

Answer: *D*

👉🏻 Fasciolopsis Buski [ MOI :- By Ingestion id raw water Plant )

👉🏻Fish of Clonorchis and Metagonimus is Crypinoid
____

6) Main agent of Pathology of Schistosoma is ?

👉🏻Answer :- Egg
Through either invasion , Deposition ( Acute stage ) , tissue reaction ( Chronic stage )

_____

7) Acute stage of Intestinal Bilharziasis except ?
Answer is Acitis

👉🏻 Intestinal Bilharziasis: abdominal pain , Dysentery, Fistuls

_

8) All characters belong to S.heamatobium except

Answer: Has no spine

Its Egg has terminal spine

__

9) To detect Active infection of Bilharziasis we use :-

👉🏻Detecting of Circulating Adult Schistosomiasis Antigens in tge Sreum or Urine

_

9) to treat Urinary Bilharziasis we use :

Answer :- Praziquantal single oral dose of 40mg/Kg
......

Or metrifonate ( 10mg/ kg) every other week for 3 doses
Or Niridazole :- 25 mg/kg for 5 days

_

11) All the following belong to Man Intestinal Parasites except :-

Answer: Echinococcus granulosa

👉🏻 It Difinitive Host is the Dog , in human ( Hydatid cyst )

_____

Which of the Following in man act as A D.H and I.H :

Answer is : H.nana and Taenia solium

👉🏻 H.nana as a I.H :- Iived embaded in the villi

👉🏻 t.Solium :- Causing Cysticercosis

_

13) Ingestion of Cysticercus Cellulosa causes :-
Answer :-Tainiasis

>> Adult T. Solium by ingestion larva cause Tianiasis ( D.H)

>> Larva : by egg ..causing Cysticercosis ( I. H)

#طفيليات

14

ingestion of egg of Taenia solium lead to cysticercosis ✅

16
the largest cestoda is the Taenia saginata 👉up to 20 M

17 internal autoinfection accour do to
tainia solium
but retroinfection
due to Enterobius vermicularis

18 the
liver 70٪ lung 24% kidney 3% bone 2% brain 1%

19 _ the fate of the hydatid cyst
as the following
the small cyst causes no symptoms
the large cyst causes
1_ pressure necrosis of surrounding tissue
2_ if cyst is diyed laed to allergic symptoms
3_ if cyst is rupture lead to anaphylactic shock
4 _ if cyst germinal layer is disseminated lead to formation of new cysts

20 classification of hydatid cyst accourding to ⚽️shape
1_ unilocular 👉 cyst of Echinoccocus granulosus
2_ alveolar 👉cyst of Echinoccocus multilocularis
3_ polycystic
⚽️ accourding to development
1_endogenous
2_ exogenous
3_metastatic
⚽️ accourding to production of scolices
1_ cephalocystic
2_acephalocystic
⚽️ accourding to fertility
1_fertile cyst
2_ sterile cyst

21 medical treatment of hydatid cyst use the following
1_ albendazole 400 mg twice daily for 4 weeks repeated 2 weeks for 12 cycle

2_ praziquantel 40 mg /kg daily for 15 days

in the followings
1_ inoperable cysts
2_ preliminary to surgical removal or aspiration
3_ following surgery

note the cysts in bone and those if E. multilocularis is appear to be resistant

22_ Schistosomulum is the cercaria after it loses its tail out and then goes by lymphatic system or veins to the right side of the heart , lungs then the systemic circulation finally the portal circulation where it becomes adult

23
sporogony cycle accours in the stomach of the female anophaline mosquito

but the schizogony cycle accour in liver and RBCs of man

24 recrudescence in malaria
means
a recurrence of symptoms

due to persistence or parasites in circulation

24
answer 1

25
Cold , Hot ,Sweating

26
relapse accour with
bite of infected female anophaline mosquito

relapse doesn't accour with
1_ blood transfusion
2_ injection by contaminated syringes
3_ congenital transmission

27
paroxysom accour every
1_ 48 hours in plasmodium vivax and ovale
2_ 72 hours in plasmodium malaria
3 _ 36___ 48 hour in plasmodium falciparum

#طفيليات

about cercaria in trematoda

🏹 microcercous cercaria
means
has knob __ like tail
belong to
paragonimus westermani

🏹lephocercus cercaria
means
tail with membrane
belongs to
heterophyes heterophyes

🏹 leptoocercus cercaria
means
simple tail
belongs to
Fasciola gigantica

#تريماتودا
#تجميعات_طفيليات

1) ( A)

infective stage of Plasmodium
👉🏻 for Human :- Sporozoites
👉🏻 For Mosquito:- Gametocyte
_____

2) ( B)

👉🏻 Plasmodium vivax and ovale associated with relapse
👉🏻 plasmodium falciparum, Malare is associated with Recrudescence
__

3)( B)
Black water fever
Is Autoimmune reaction in response to repeated attack of P. Falciparum

Antibodies against RBS Leads to Heamaturia and heamglobenuria and so Called Black water fever
( one of Falciparum Complications)

__

4) malaria Recrudescence :- ( A)

👉🏻 relapse :- activation of Hypnozoites in the Liver
👉🏻 recrudescence: reactivation of The erythrocytic stage

___

5) mugli and Tilapia is 2nd intermediate host for Hytrophyes Hytrophyes

______

6) ( b)
Is infective stage of All trematoda

Echinococcus infective stage egg for dog , larva for human ( Hydatid cyst)
__

7) Halzoun ( مكرر) :- C

__

8) ( B ) to avoid Disintegration and therfore internal Autoinfection which leads to cysticercosis

____

9 ( C )
_

10 (b)

👉🏻D.H harbours Sexual or Adult stage
👉🏻 I.H harbours asexual or Larval stage

#طفيليات

11_ answer a
12_ answer c
13_ answer C ( H .nana )
14_ answer a
🥎15_ answer b
🥎16_ answer b
the common bile duct is habitat for the following
1_ Fasciola gigantica
2_ Fasciola hepatica
3_ clonorchius sinensis
4_ opisthorchius sinensis

17_ answer d
the malaria paroxysom occurs at one of the following
1_ at end of the schizogony cycle
2_ at the end of erythrocytic schizogony cycle
3_ once scynchronus rupture of erythrocytic shizontes
4_ due to release of the merozoites and residual erythrocytes debris and there pigments into circulation

🎾18 answer c

⛳️suppressive drugs , blood schizobticides (clinical cure )
are
1_ quinine
2_ chloroquine (4_amino quinololine )
3_ mefloquine
4_artimesinine

⛳️causal prophylactic drugs are
1_ pyrmithamine
2_ primaquine
3_ proguanil

⛳️ tissue phase schizonticidal (antirelapse drugs . radical cure)
8_ aminoquinolone ( primaquine)

⛳️gamitocidal
8_ aminoquinolone (primaquine)

⛳️sporonticidal

(proguanil and pyrimethamine )

🥎19 answer a

classification of hydatid cyst accourding to ⚽️shape
1_ unilocular 👉 cyst of Echinoccocus granulosus
2_ alveolar 👉cyst of Echinoccocus multilocularis
3_ polycystic
⚽️ accourding to development
1_endogenous
2_ exogenous
3_metastatic
⚽️ accourding to production of scolices
1_ cephalocystic
2_acephalocystic
⚽️ accourding to fertility
1_fertile cyst
2_ sterile cyst

🥎20 answer b

🥎21_ answer b

in both Taenia solium and hymenolepis Nana the man act as both a definitive and an intermediate host

#طفيليات

🌽mode of infection of trematoda:
🥨1 by ingestion of raw equatic vegetables containing encysted metacercaria 🥬🥦
in Fasciola gigantica and hepatica , Fasciolopsis buski

🥨2_ by ingestion of undercooked or draw fish 🐬
containing encysted metacercaria in :
heterophyes heterophyes
clonorchius sinensis
opisthorchius sinensis
metagonimus yokogawi

🥨3_ by ingestion of raw or under cooked crabs in
paragonimus westermani

#تجميعات_تريماتودا
#طفيليات

22 ) (C )
( liver 70% - Lung24% )

23) ( c) D .latum
Due to competition of parasite with host for Vitamin B12

24) A
Ova >> Cysticercosis
Larva> Teniaeasis

25) ( D)
Larva of :-
👉🏻Multicipes multicipes >> Coenurosis
👉🏻E.granulosa >> Hydatid cyst
👉🏻D. mansoni >> sparganosis
👉🏻 T. Solium >> Cysticercosis

26) ( c)

Falciparum is associated with Recrudescence not relapse

27) ( D)

The fate of the hydatid cyst is all mentioned ..
But: Shrikage and Calcification

28) ( B)

29) ( B)
Multiocular Hydatid cyst:
👉🏻 Proliferate in any Direction like cancer and metastasis not costant Direction
👉🏻 Grow from peripheral to central
👉🏻 Degenerate from centre
👉🏻 inside the human it has no protoscolex due to immunity
👉🏻 spongy mass surrounding by fibrous tissue strands

30) ( a)

👉🏻Lymnea cailliandi ( Fasciola gigentica)
👉🏻 lymnea Truncaulata ( Fasciola hepatica)
👉🏻 Pirenella Conica ( Hytrophyes Hytrophyes)

#طفيليات

🦉1_ answer a

about Ancylstoma dudenalae :
🐥 the infective stage is filariform larva
🐥the diagnostic stage is immature eggs
🐥eggs number are 20,000 eggs /female /day
🐥mode of infection is penetration through the skin
🐥they are positive thermotropism ,hydrotropism, histotropism
but negative geotropism
🐥about moults
first twice in soil
then the third time in lung
the the fourth time in small intestine

🦉2_answer محذوف

🦉3_ (A)

cysticercus larvae of Taenia solium found in
subcutaneous tissues , brain , heart , eye of human

cysticercus larva of Taenia saginata found in
tounge , heart , active striated muscles of beef

cysticercoid larva of hymenolepis Nana found in
villio of small intestine of man

unilocular larva of Echinoccocus granulosus found in
liver 70 % lung 24% kidney then bone then brain of man


coenurus cerebralis larva of multiceps multiceps found in
brain and spinal cord of herbivore animals rarely in man

sparagnum larva of D. mansoni
and D. proliferum is found in
subcutaneous tissues, muscle and eye

🦉4_ (B)
the presence of eggs in tissues stimulate ba tissue reaction producing format of local tubercles or granulomatous lesions leading to stricture , chronic ulcers, polyp , Sandy patches

🦉5_ (B)
⛑acute stage of S. mansoni ( intestinal bilharziasis )
fistula
abdominal pain
dysentery

⛑acute stag of S.hematopium
(urinary bilharziasis )
terminal haematouria ( endemic haematouria).
frequency of micturation
dysuria

🦉6_ (D)

🦉7_(C)
trophozoites are seen in liquid stool but cyst in formed stool

trophozoites are non infective
cysts are infective

acute amoebiasis associated with liquid stool and trophozoites so non infective

chronic amoebiasis and carrier associated with formed stool and cysts so infective


🦉8_ (A)

🦉9_ (B) مكرر

🦉10_ (B)
if IgG is negative no infection
if IgG is positive the following are diagnosed
1_ infection over 2 years ago if IgM is negative
2_ past or new or false positive infection if IgM is positive
3_infection within past 3_6 months if IgM is high positive


🦉11_ congenital toxoplasmosis is characterized by
1_ abortion or still birth
2_ CNS manifestations
3'_ eye manifestations

acute acquired toxoplasmosis is characterized by
1_ lymphatic manifestations
2_ cerebrospinal manifestations
3_ exanthematous manifestations as rash and typhus

chronic aquired manifestations
no symptoms exept in AIDS patient

🦉 12 (C)
leishmania associated with increase globulin and decreased albumin


13_ (A)

#_طفيليات

14 ) A

15) B
( for Toxocara canis which visceral Larva migrans)
Diagnosis:-
1) Serology : ELISA and RAST " Radio -allergo-sorbant Test for detection IgE
2) marked Eosioophillia, hyper gamma globulinmeia
3) laproscopy and Biobsy from liver

16) B
(انواع السيركاريا في منشور سابق ^^)

17) D
👈🏻❗️Katayama fever is immunological reaction aganist heavy infection with Schistosomas and greet number of eggs ( Febrile reaction with Hyper- Eosioophillia)
It is the commenest infection with S. japonicum . Less common with mansoni and heamatobium

18) ( C)
Like other trematoda. .. the Infective stage is Encysted metacercaria

19) ( A)
Brcause Adult Stage of Echinococcus granulosa is not found in Human at all
( only larva = Hydatid cyst)

20) B
H.nana is the Dwarf Tapewarm

21) B
Nocturnal Enuresis with Enterobius vermicularis
>> At night migration of Female worm to anus and Put the egg in the peri-anal skin ... on its way it causes irritation of urethra and Enuresis .

22) c
Trichuris trichiura has no migration phase

23) C
👉🏻Adult female of Strongyloides stercoralis Oviposits " not Larviperious "
👉🏻 facaltative Parasite can live either free or parasitic
👉🏻 can change to adult in the lung

24) A
Strongyloides stercoralis we can only find larva in stool

25) D
Each of T.solium , H.nana , Enterobius vermicularis can cause Autoinfection

#طفيليات

🚗26 _ (C)
diagnosis of oxuriasis or enrobiasis by
1_ adult worm in stool
2_ NIH swap
3_ scotch adhesive swap

diagnosis of ancylostomiasis
by
1_ concentration method or Kato smear (for eggs )
2_ anemia
3_ clinical

diagnosis of strongyloides
by
1_ rhabditiform larva in stools
2_ esinophilia
3_ larva in sputum
4_ Elisa and ifat

diagnosis of ascaris

1_ clinical cough and dyspnea
2_ esinophilia
3_ X Ray
4_ eggs in stool or larva in sputum

🚗27_ (D)
rectal prolapse is a complication of Trichuriasis as a result of oedema of the rectum produced by the number of Trichuris trichuria worms embedded in the Rea

🚗28(B) مكررر

🚗29_(B)
loefler's syndrome is local inflammatory reaction around the larva of the ascaris and also of Ancylstoma dudenalae in the lung manifested by dry cough ,long grade fever , dyspnea , esinophilia
also the sputum contain Charcot leyden crystals

🚗30_(A)
paragonimus westermani is lung fluck is not associated with anemia

🚗31_ (محذوف )
🚗32_(محذوف )
🚗33_(B) مكرر
🚗34_(D) الله يعينكم على االادوية، 🤯وجرعاتها
🚗35_محذوف
🚗36_محذوف
🚗37_(B)
peruritis Ani is caused by Enterobius vermicularis ( oxyuria ) adult female during it's protrude through the anal canal to put it's eggs in anal and Peri anal region mostly in children and especially at night

#طفيليات

1) A مكرر

2) b
🌚In mosquito ... there is the sexuall stage ( Difinitive Host)and called Sporogony .. only

In the man : Gametogony , Pre- / Erythrocytic Shizogony ( Asexuall)

3) B

🌚Infective stage of Leishmania is Promastigoite ... then engulfed by Macrophage and Turn to amastigoite which attributed in Leishmanioma

4) A
🌚Radical treatment Primaquine ( 8- Amino-quinoline

5) a
🌚Giardia Lamblia is associated with Diarrhea not Dysentery

6) Blood smear
🌚Intestinal amoebiasis has no esionphilla nor Blood manifestations

🌚Diagnosis:- Direct antigen ( Coproantigens )

🌚Extra - Intestinal amoebiasis may be diagnosed through Blood Smear

7) c ( مكرر)

8) b ^^^^

9) d ( مكرر )

10) b ( مكرر)

11) a ( مكرر)

12) b ( مكرر)

13) c ( مكرر)

#طفيليات