Schiller–Duval body is a cellular structure seen by microscope in endodermal sinus tumors (yolk sac tumors) characterized by the presence of a central vessel, surrounded by epithelial tumor cells and fibrous tissue
#باثو
#الدكتورة_منية

🥛Milk-alkali syndrome 🥛

is caused by the ingestion of large amounts of calcium and absorbable alkali, with resulting hypercalcemia. ... This syndrome was originally recognized in the 1920s during administration of the Sippy regimen, consisting of milk and bicarbonate, for treatment of peptic ulcer disease.( CaCo3)


Burnett's syndrome is far-advanced milk-alkalisyndrome and due to long-standing calcium and alkali ingestion. It is characterised by severe hypercalcaemia, irreversible renal failure, and phosphate retention. ... The patient is treated by withdrawal of excessive calcium and alkali intake.


#فارما

مواضيع :-

anticancer , anticoagulant , antiplatelet & hyperlipidemia
D.M

حالي علشان اختبار الشفوي بس يلم الموضوع والمراجعة اللي هي صبح الإختبار


#فارما 💛

المواضيع المهمة في ال GIT :

Q)Differentiate between ulcer and erosion?

صفحه 9
Tumer of salivary gland

صفحه 23
Defense mechanism

صفحه 25
الاثنين الجداول مهمه جدا

صفحه 28
الجدول مهم جدا جدا
Q)write short account on gastric carcinoma?

صفحه 30
Acute abdomen(Main causes)

صفحه 31
Acute appendicitis
(pathogenesis and morphology)


صفحه 32
Differential diagnosis of acute appendicitis

صفحه 47
IBD موضوع مهم
Crohn's disease موضوع مهم
Q) Extra Intestinal manifestation of Crohn's disease?


صفحه 51
الجدول مهمه جدا جدا

صفحه 53
Q) Compare between the neoplastic polyps or write short account?

صفحه 55
Colorectal carcinoma مهم

54
familial polyposis syndrome

56
adenoma carcinoma sequence مهم

58
Staging system of cancer colon مهم(Mcq)

#باثو

علشان نحفظ نقاط المقارنه بين Uc و CD بنبدا نن خارج وندخل حبه حبه لبطن المريض.
مريض ال IBD لمن يجي لعندك بيكون يعاني من الم في البطن اما يمين او يسار
1. abdominal pain.
طيب هذا اول نقطه نقارن بها طيب لو فتحنا البطن وشفنا الامعاء معروف انه واحد بيكون في ال rectum وواحد في ileum
2 - rectal involvement.
3 - ileum involvement.
من نقطة ال rectum بنطلع نقطتين
4. Rectal bleeding
5. Sparing of rectum
وهولا النقطتين بيكونوا موجودات اكيد في الي يكون عنده النقطه رقم 2.
طيب لو عملنا section عرضي وطولي
في السكشن الطولي مابشوف طبقات الامعاء بس بيفيدني هذا بنقطتين
6. Distribution(
هذه اشوف هل هو منتشر ع جزء كبير دفيوز يعني او ع مكان واحد )
7. Skip areas
وهذه كمان نفس الفكره
طيب في السكشن العرضي🔵 ايش بشوف... اكيد lumen & layers
طيب في الاليومن بستفيد نقطة التضيق
8. stricture
وفي layers بستفيد نقاط كثير
9. Mucosal atrophy & regeneration
10. Fistula
11. Fissuring
12 .involvement ( transmural , transdermal)
13. Crypt abcess

طيب بقية النقاط بنلمهن بحاجتين ميكروسكوبي وتيومر
- microscopy
14. Cytoplasmic mucin
15. Edema
16. Granulation
17. Lymphoid aggregate
18. Hyperemia
19. L.N

- Tumor
20. Colon carcinoma

#باثو_ عبدالله الذبحاني

Drugs that cause hypothyroidism:
1_antithyroid drugs.
2_lithium(used for mania , bipolar disorder and recurrent depression)
3_beta interferon(used for hepatitis and multiple sclerosis)
4_amiodarone (antiarrythemic drugs)
5_resorcinol(used for treatment of leg ulcer)
6_ fluoride ion

#pharma

RivaroXaban = direct on Xa

Argatroban = direct on thrombin

كل النيماتودا تتعالج ( باستثناء الا
Strongeloid stercoralis )
بعلاجين
1. Albendazol
جرعته ا ا ا ربعميه 400
2. Mebendazol
وجرعته م م م ميه 100
ومعه تسلسل
1,2,3
1 = 100
2= twice
3 = 3 days

#فارما bacterial infection & drugs #H_S

(مرض مهم تكلم عنه الدكتور عدنان
داء المكيفات)
Legionnaires' disease, also known aslegionellosis, is a form of atypical pneumoniacaused by any type of Legionella bacteria.[3]Signs and symptoms include cough,shortness of breath, high fever, muscle pains, and headaches.[2] Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea may also occur.[1] This often begins 2–10 days after exposure.[2]

The bacterium is found naturally in fresh water.[4] It can contaminate hot water tanks, hot tubs, and cooling towers of large air conditioners.[4] It is usually spread by breathing in mist that contains the bacteria.[4]It can also occur when contaminated water isaspirated.[4] It typically does not spread directly between people, and most people who are exposed do not become infected.[4]Risk factors for infection include older age, a history of smoking, chronic lung disease, andpoor immune function.[5][10] Those with severe pneumonia and those with pneumonia and a recent travel history should be tested for the disease.[11] Diagnosis is by a urinary antigen test and sputum culture.[6]

No vaccine is available.[7] Prevention depends on good maintenance of water systems.[7]Treatment of Legionnaires' disease is withantibiotics.[8] Recommended agents includefluoroquinolones, azithromycin, ordoxycycline.[12] Hospitalization is often required.[11] About 10% of those who are infected die.[8]

The number of cases that occur globally is not known. Legionnaires' disease is the cause of an estimated 2–9% of pneumonia cases that are acquired outside of a hospital.
An estimated 8,000–18,000 cases a year in the United States require hospitalization.[9] Outbreaks of disease account for a minority of cases.[1][13] While it can occur any time of the year, it is more common in the summer and fall.[9] The disease is named after the outbreak where it was first identified, at a 1976 American Legion convention in Philadelphia.

🛑تنبيه
في ملخص الاندوكراين فاااااارما
صفحة 14
Symptoms of Conn's syndrome :

🍀 4- metabolic acidosis ❎

🍀 metabolic alkalosis ✅
________________________

🛑🛑
من صفات مدمنين ال
Cocaine & Amphetamine
جميعهم عدوانيين وقد يرتكبوا جرائم قتل...
وايضا الAmphetamine يعطى كحبوب لمن يضربوا بالطائرات في الحروب وايضا لكي لا يتأثروا بمناظر الدماء


#فارما
#اللجنة_العلمية❤️

#H_S اهم الامراض للي ذكرها الدكتور #فارما

اضغطوا هاشتاغ #فارما ^^

❗️❗️Note :-

❗️The drug from Macrolides that has been restricted and rarely used due to SE is Erythromycin not Clarithromycin


❗️Progestin is not Used in the endometrial cancer , the treatemet here is Hysterectomy
( بحسب جواب الدكتور عدنان للمندوبة )

#فارما

Hypersensitivity type II
خطوط تجميعية مختصرة جدا لملزمة الدكتور صالح باحاج
مناعة
#للمراجعة_فقط

Hypersensitivity type III
مختصر جدا من ملزمة الدكتور صالح باحاج
مناعة
#للمراجعة_فقط