🤕 common skin rashes :-

1- macule : small ,flat
2- papule : small ,raised ( solid)
Maculopapule Both^
3- vesicle : small , elevated ( with clear fluid)
4- pastule : vesicle filled with pus
5- Nodule: large , raised, Solid


🤕 Differences between Droplets / Airborne :-

Droplets : Large >5 microns
Surface contamination
Removed by hand wash

Airborne:- smaller ( Droplet nuclei )
<5 microns
Still in the air ( more dangerous)

#فيروسات
#مايكرو

🤔For EBV :

Anti - VCA IgM / IgG :- Anti viral capsid

IgM :- Acute infection then disappears
IgG ; may be Occurs in Acute infection, remains in convalescent


anti-EBNA IgG ( EB nuclear antigen)
Only occur in convalescent and indicates previous infection

#فيروسات
#مايكرو

🛑 Lymphocytosis is suspected lymphoma utill proven otherwise ..

🛑 Lymphocytosis with Atypical T lymphocytes ..." feel safe "
It is infectioue Mononucleosis

🛑 to Differentiate between infectioue Mononucleosis, and Infectious mononucleosis like syndrome

Infectious mononucleosis, With heterophills Antibodys in EBV

Infectious mononucleosis like, without Hetrophills antibodies in CMV

Both shows symptoms of:
Sore throat, fever , fatigue, lymphadenopathy , enlarged spleen , Hepatitis

#فيروسات
#مايكرو

🍃Why small pox is eridicated:-

1- it has only one stable stereotype.
2- The man is the only host
3- no reservoir host
4- no carrier
5- was the first to be controlled by vaccine
6- produce long lasting memory

#فيروسات
#مايكرو

🤔🤔 Small pox and Chickenpox:

Both are transmitted by droplets and contact ..

Small pox
❗️Caused by small pox viruse
❗️Rash :- centrifugal
❗️Starts : macule , papule , vesicle , pustules, ends forming crust
❗️Scar formation ..
And Fetal


Chicken pox :
❕ caused by VZV
❕ rash : Centripetal
❕ polymorphic ( all in same time )
Characterized by Umblicated lesion
❕ healed without scar
Not fetal

#فيروسات
#مايكرو

🤔 Molliscum contagiosm and Human Papilloma warts

Molliscum contagiosm:-
❗️ Caused by MCV , Poxviruse
❗️ one genotype
❗️ Umblicated cheesy Papules
❗️ soft
❗️ called Human soft warts

Human Papilloma wart : -
❗️ Caused by HPV , Papovaviruses
❗️>100 serotypes
❗️ cauliflower shaped ( Verruca Vuligaris)
❗️ rough
❗️called warts ( Verruca)

#مايكرو
#فيروسات

🛑HPV cannot be caltivated in vitro

🛑 virus that transmitted through birth canal :- HSV- 2

🛑 Human Papilloma virus:
Causes cervical carcinoma with genotype 16 ,18 ?
Because the virus produce oncoproteins integrated on DNA
E6 binds to P53
E7 Binds to Rb
Inactivation of This Tumor suppressor genes , Increase mitosis, tumor

🛑 there is some strains of small pox with America and Russia, they may use them in the Bio terrorism.

🛑 Oncolytic viral therapy is a new strategy by which ... There are Viral strains that kill the malignant cells , And stimulate the Immune system ?
How ?
When this virus infect the Tumor , it replicates itself untill the cell burst , ( Lysis of Tumor ) then the product of Bursting tumor cell initiate the immune response !

🛑 Hydrops fetalis may be
Because , infant infected by Parvovirus B19 , Or due to RH incompatibility

#فيروسات
#مايكرو

هنا مكتوبات مثل الملزمة..

بس الدكتور عكس بينهم

Jc : Progressive multifocal Luekoencephalopathy

Bk: Heamorrhagic Cystitis, Nephropathy

#فيروسات

جدول ملخص الملخص ترم اول وثاني فارما محاضرات الدكتور عدنان.
Disease + Drug of choice

Brain-mab
لاغلب الاقسام

Schiller–Duval body is a cellular structure seen by microscope in endodermal sinus tumors (yolk sac tumors) characterized by the presence of a central vessel, surrounded by epithelial tumor cells and fibrous tissue
#باثو
#الدكتورة_منية

🥛Milk-alkali syndrome 🥛

is caused by the ingestion of large amounts of calcium and absorbable alkali, with resulting hypercalcemia. ... This syndrome was originally recognized in the 1920s during administration of the Sippy regimen, consisting of milk and bicarbonate, for treatment of peptic ulcer disease.( CaCo3)


Burnett's syndrome is far-advanced milk-alkalisyndrome and due to long-standing calcium and alkali ingestion. It is characterised by severe hypercalcaemia, irreversible renal failure, and phosphate retention. ... The patient is treated by withdrawal of excessive calcium and alkali intake.


#فارما

مواضيع :-

anticancer , anticoagulant , antiplatelet & hyperlipidemia
D.M

حالي علشان اختبار الشفوي بس يلم الموضوع والمراجعة اللي هي صبح الإختبار


#فارما 💛

المواضيع المهمة في ال GIT :

Q)Differentiate between ulcer and erosion?

صفحه 9
Tumer of salivary gland

صفحه 23
Defense mechanism

صفحه 25
الاثنين الجداول مهمه جدا

صفحه 28
الجدول مهم جدا جدا
Q)write short account on gastric carcinoma?

صفحه 30
Acute abdomen(Main causes)

صفحه 31
Acute appendicitis
(pathogenesis and morphology)


صفحه 32
Differential diagnosis of acute appendicitis

صفحه 47
IBD موضوع مهم
Crohn's disease موضوع مهم
Q) Extra Intestinal manifestation of Crohn's disease?


صفحه 51
الجدول مهمه جدا جدا

صفحه 53
Q) Compare between the neoplastic polyps or write short account?

صفحه 55
Colorectal carcinoma مهم

54
familial polyposis syndrome

56
adenoma carcinoma sequence مهم

58
Staging system of cancer colon مهم(Mcq)

#باثو

علشان نحفظ نقاط المقارنه بين Uc و CD بنبدا نن خارج وندخل حبه حبه لبطن المريض.
مريض ال IBD لمن يجي لعندك بيكون يعاني من الم في البطن اما يمين او يسار
1. abdominal pain.
طيب هذا اول نقطه نقارن بها طيب لو فتحنا البطن وشفنا الامعاء معروف انه واحد بيكون في ال rectum وواحد في ileum
2 - rectal involvement.
3 - ileum involvement.
من نقطة ال rectum بنطلع نقطتين
4. Rectal bleeding
5. Sparing of rectum
وهولا النقطتين بيكونوا موجودات اكيد في الي يكون عنده النقطه رقم 2.
طيب لو عملنا section عرضي وطولي
في السكشن الطولي مابشوف طبقات الامعاء بس بيفيدني هذا بنقطتين
6. Distribution(
هذه اشوف هل هو منتشر ع جزء كبير دفيوز يعني او ع مكان واحد )
7. Skip areas
وهذه كمان نفس الفكره
طيب في السكشن العرضي🔵 ايش بشوف... اكيد lumen & layers
طيب في الاليومن بستفيد نقطة التضيق
8. stricture
وفي layers بستفيد نقاط كثير
9. Mucosal atrophy & regeneration
10. Fistula
11. Fissuring
12 .involvement ( transmural , transdermal)
13. Crypt abcess

طيب بقية النقاط بنلمهن بحاجتين ميكروسكوبي وتيومر
- microscopy
14. Cytoplasmic mucin
15. Edema
16. Granulation
17. Lymphoid aggregate
18. Hyperemia
19. L.N

- Tumor
20. Colon carcinoma

#باثو_ عبدالله الذبحاني

Drugs that cause hypothyroidism:
1_antithyroid drugs.
2_lithium(used for mania , bipolar disorder and recurrent depression)
3_beta interferon(used for hepatitis and multiple sclerosis)
4_amiodarone (antiarrythemic drugs)
5_resorcinol(used for treatment of leg ulcer)
6_ fluoride ion

#pharma

RivaroXaban = direct on Xa

Argatroban = direct on thrombin

كل النيماتودا تتعالج ( باستثناء الا
Strongeloid stercoralis )
بعلاجين
1. Albendazol
جرعته ا ا ا ربعميه 400
2. Mebendazol
وجرعته م م م ميه 100
ومعه تسلسل
1,2,3
1 = 100
2= twice
3 = 3 days