اختبار المجموعة 1+2

مقرر اليوم الموافق 2019/11/5
الدكتور وضاح
محاضرة الباثو عملي
سلايدات ال GIT

اولا ال esophagus
تضمنت المحاضرة الآتي
🌹reflux esophagitis
🌹achalasia
🌹congenital fistula
🌹congenital and acquired esophageal diverticulum
🌹Barrett's esophagus
🌹 squamous cell carcinoma
🌹 Barrett's metaplasia and the associated adenocarcinoma
🌹 esophageal ulcers
🌹 esophageal atresia

اي discontinuation or loss of the esophagus


ثانيا ال stomach
تضمنت المحاضرة
🌹acute gastritis
🌹H pylori associated chronic gastritis
we get neutrophils and secondary lymphocytic follicles
with clear germinal center also
rods or comma shaped bacteria (H . pylori )
🌹 autoimmune associated
chronic gastritis characterized by lymphocytes infiltration and
need continuous checking by the doctor to prevent the development of cancer
🌹peptic ulcer (benign and malignant )
the benign is inverted but the malignant is everted

🌹gastric adenocarcinoma
🌹acute erosive gastritis associated with bleeding
🌹 lymphoma associated with H . Pylori
🌹axial and paraesophageal hiatal hernia most common cause of reflex esophagitis
🌹 hyperplastic polyps
🌹 adenomatous polyps
🌹intestinal metaplasia with highly goblet cells



ثالثا ال small intestine
note /the small intestine is characterized by the presence of villi and microvilli to increase
the surface area for absorption

note / large intestine is rich in goplet cells and libercohn glands with crepts زيما البئر
to increase the absorption of water and convert the lumenal material to semi solid








رابعا ال large intestine
🌹chron's disease
may extend to serosa making
fissures or perforation
characterized by the skip areas
and the

🌹ulcerative colitis
involving all mucosa and no skip areas but continuous disease
🌹familial polyposis colitis
thousands of colic polyps need whole cholecystectomy
🌹 adenomatous polyps
🌹hyperplastic polyps

note /the polyps with vascular core and covering epithelium

note / lung sequstertion
is the presence of lung tissue in
part of the GIT


note / the fistula of the esophagus may completely or partially open to the trachea


الاختبار شامل لكل سلايدات الترم الاول والثاني وقوفا عند اخر تشابر وهو ال GIT


صيغة الاختبار
شريحه عليها سوالين
1- what's the specific diagnosis
2_what's the specific features that help you to get the specific diagnosis

مهم /تشابتر ال genetics غير داخل في الاختبار بحكم ما درسناه نظري

#اللجنة_العلمية

الشرائح التي تم عرضها نهاية المحاضرة وركز عليها الدكتور

🌹١_massive Pulmonary embolism :

🌹2_ adenocarcinoma

the features are local invasion ++++ركزوا >>
تلاقوا ال Gland بين smooth muscle layer
and hyperchromatic nuceli ( Dysplastic Changes )

🌹3- Sarcoidosis :
فيها Asteroid cells بشكل مميز
والا بتكون Non-Caseating Granuloma

features 👉 rounded shape with lymphocytes infiltration
epitheloid cells
gaint cells
fibroblasts with collagen fibers

🌹4-- atherosclerosis(atheroma) مهم للاختبار
the features are fiberous cap
,,lipid core ,,, lumen narrowing
intimal thinking

site/ intimal or subintimal


🌹5_ cardinal signs of inflammation

as reddness ,, hotness,,, swelling,,pain,,,


#اللجنة_العلمية

🌸🌸شرائح المراجعة 👇🏻👇🏻👇🏻

#معمل_باثو
#سلايدات
#مراجعة
#الدكتور_وضاح
#اللجنة_العلمية

Slide 1
❗️Dignosis:
Acute inflammation.
‼️ Characteristic Features:
Redness and Swelling (Local signs of acute inflammation).

#معمل_باثو
#سلايدات

❗️❗️❗️Diagnosis : cardinal sign of inflammation

🔹Disease:-
Atherosclerosis

🔹featuers:-
Atheroma composed of :- fibrous cap , fibrin , leukocyte ,foamy cells smooth muscle - fat (cholesterol all are found in intima)

❗️Diagnosis ...Massive pulmonary embolism

❗️Feature. ..Massive emboli inside pulmonary trunk in right and left branches leading to sudden death
#معمل_باثو
#سلايدات

❗️Diagnosis :-
Sarcoidosis
❗️❗️ Ft :-
Asteroid cells + Non caseating granuloma with many gainy cells
#سلايدات
#معمل_باثو

❗️ Diagnosis :-
Gastric Adenocarcinoma..

❗️ ft:-
Local invasion of Gland to the smooth muscle layer

#سلايدات
#معمل_باثو

❗️ Diagnosis :
Peptic Ulcer

❗️❗️ ft:-
1- Area of Necrosis
2- Acute inflammation
3- Granulation tissue ( with Blood vessels )
3- Area of chronic inflammation with Fibrosis

#سلايدات
#معمل_باثو

❗️Diagnosis:-
Chronic gastritis by h.pylori

❗️❗️ ft :-

نميزها بثلاث حاجات :'-
1- Lymphocytes infiltrate in form of Secondary Lymphoid Follicle
2- Intrs-epithilial Nuetrophils ( indicates Active infection )
3- H.pylori seen on 3 forms :
(Bacilli - Comma shape or spiral)

#سلايدات
#معمل_باثو

هذي ال Form of Secondary lymphoid follicle

طبعا أهم ميزتين للتفريق بينهم :- الثننين بنلاحظ فيهم Area of Necrosis
1- Benign :- يسار
Inverted Edges with normal thikness , regular necrosis

2- malignant:- يمين
Everted Edges , Thickned
Irregular

#سلايدات
#معمل_باثو

طبعا الثنتين يحصلوا في ال Gastric Gland
الفرق ان :-

Fundic polyp :- it is a hyperplasia of the gland without the Dysplastic Change

Adenoma :-
Dysplastic changes of the glands > pre- cancerous

#سلايدات
#معمل_باثو

طبعا من هنا وبعد
شرائح من موضوع اليوم GIT ركز عليهم الدكتور أكثر شي ..
و يمكن يجوا بالامتحان

#سلايدات
#معمل_الباثو

🔖Pyelonephritis :
- It is the inflammation of renal parenchyma and calyx.
- It is of 2 types : acute and chronic
- The most common causes are :
1- Ascending UTI and pelvic inflammatory disease.
2- Caused by hematogenous spread of severe infection
🔖Risk factors :
1- Urinary tract obstruction with stasis of urine secondary infection.
2- In females (due to the short urethra).
3- Pregnancy (compression on urethra).
4- Benign prostatic hyperplasia( BPH)
5- Vesico-ureteral reflex
6- Calculi. For more detalis about it is type look to picture👇🏻 #Renal_pathology #H_S