انواع ال TB
Pulmonary/ Extra-pulmoary

انواع العينات اللي بناخذها

ولكل منهم طريقة تشخيص محددة

( essential/special)

Malaria >> Whole Blood Sample
لا تنسوا هذي النقطة ...


Dangue fever >> اعراضها
Myalsia/ Arthralgea
بنشخص ب ال Ab.
وبنراقب ال Platelets
والعلاج ب I.V fluid


في حالة ال Cassete Test ...
دايما لو ما في خط عند ال C بيكون Invaild

Cassete >> Perticipation
Latix >> Agglutination

Routine test ( Cassette)
Confirmation test ( ELISA)
Viral load (PCR)
وقال الدكتور بسام بتكون وحدتها
( Copies / ml )

GeneXpert >>
بيستخدموه لحاجيتين
1- Presence or Absence of T.B infection
2- It it is sensitive to Rifampicne or not

#الدكتور_بسام
#معمل_مايكرو

ممكن يسأل
كيف ممكن اتاكد من ال Complications of Tonsilits

ASO / CRP / RF >> بدايته

هي بتعمل Complications على ال Heart , Kidney, Joints

نفحص القلب عشان نتأكد ما صار Rheumatic heart fever
طبعا بواسطة ال ECG /ECHO

نفحص ال Kidney
1- Kidney Function test ( Creatinine + Urea)
2- Blood pressure for hypertension
3- cholesterol for Hyperlipidemia
4 - Urine test ( Heamaturia - Protein Urea - RBCs cast )

وهذي تبعا لاعراض ال Glomerulonephritis

#الدكتور_بسام
#معمل_مايكرو

ال Pseudomonas argunosa

Media :- Nutrient / MacConky
ممكن تدخل لكم 😬

ASO >> Tonsilits
CRP >> Acute infection
RF >> Rheumatoid factor for Rheumatic Arthritis
Widel > Typhoid fever
Brucella >> Brucellosis

التمييز بين الميديا

الاختصارات

Name : blood agar
Types : enriched medium ( solid )
Use: to detect type of hemolysis
Result: 1_ B hemolysis
لما نشوف clear area
Complete hemolysis
مثل
Streptococcus pyogens

2_ alpha hemolysis
Partial hemolysis
ويوجد تغيير قلليل في اللون إلى الأخضر
مثل
Streptococcus viridans

3_ gamma hemolysis
No change
مثل
Enterococcus

Alpha Heamolysis >> Streptococcus Pnemoniea >> sensitive to Optochin

Beta Heamolysis >> Streptococcus pyogens >> sensitive to Bacteriacin

Staphylococcus >> Large golden colonies
Catalase +coagulase (positive )

🔹Container ...used for sample collection as urin and stool .

🔹API(analytical profile index )...for isolation and identification of bacteria .

🔹Wire loop /needle ...used for routine inoculation of agar slope deep and making streak plate.

🔹Calibrated loop ...for inoculation of urin sample .

🔹Bunsen Burner ...used for sterilization of wire loop and metal forceps .

🔹Counter plate ...for counting bacteria .

🔹Balance ...used for weighting the culture media .

🔹 Centrefuge ....for centrifuge sediment particles (cells,bacteria,parasites )
suspended in fluids /used for separated of samples (blood ,urin ,body fluids)

🔹Candle jar ...to get aerobic and microaerophilic atmosphere.

🔹Autoclaves ...used for sterilization device depend on moist heat ,used for sterilization of culture media and contaminated materials.
At 121c for 15 minutes under high pressure 16 psi /1.2 Pascal
وهذا يستخدم في تعقيم الابكوت وملابس العمليات .

🔹Hot air oven ....used for sterilization of glass petri dishes ,pipettes and rubbers.
depends on moist heat ,sterilized by dry heat .
At 160 -180 (160 for 30 min ,180 for 15 min )
For drying 60 -70 for short period .

🔹Incubator ...used for growing bacterial cultures at 37 c for 24 hrs

تعديل

Candle jar is used to get anaerobic

🔖Definiation of glomerulonephritis? 👨🏻‍⚕️immunological inflammation injury of glomeruli,mediated by hypersensitivity reaction type 3 🔖Two types of glomerulonephritis: 1-primary glomerlonephritis 2-secondary glomerulonephritis 🔖Primary glomerulonephritis:involved the kidney ,not associated with other organ diseases, it inculde the following: 1-Acute post infectioous glomerulonephritis 2-Rapidlly progressive glomerulonephritis 3-Minimal change disease 4-Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis 5-Membranous glomerulonephritis 6-Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis The detalis of each one look to picture below👇🏻 #Renal_pathology #H_S

#Renal_pathology #H_S

1_a)gram positive cocci under microscope
B)components of stain:
1_crystal violet
2_iodine
3_acetone alcohol
4_safranen
........
2_a)calibrated loop
B)use:inoculation of urine sample
....
3-a)name:macconkey agar
B)type:selective&differential
C)use:to defferentiated between lactose&non lactose
.....
4_a)name:blood agar
B)type:enriched media
C)result:beta heamolysis
.........
5_case:
19years medical student have vomiting ,watery diarrhea,weight loss&dehydration
A)required sample from :stool
B)culture media of this sample:TCBS
C)diagnosis:cholera
............
6_a)name of test:kia(kligler iron agar)
B)read the result:1)a/a glucose and lactose fermentation
2)H2s:negative
3)gas production positive
..,.....,.....
7_serological test of hepatitis B:
Anti Hbs ab ,antiHbc ab ,HBs ag,HBcAg,HBeAg
..,.....,.....
8_complete
1-catalase test use .....for diffrentiated between streptococcus&staphylococcus
2-stain of TB bacteria is..zehil nelsen stain.
3_sterilazation of lab coat by ....autoclave in ...121ĉ. for...15min
...............
9_a)name:citrate test
B)type:identification test
C)result:citrate positive
....,.........
10_ a)TORCH
B)use:in women with recurrent abortion

اختبار المجموعة 1+2

مقرر اليوم الموافق 2019/11/5
الدكتور وضاح
محاضرة الباثو عملي
سلايدات ال GIT

اولا ال esophagus
تضمنت المحاضرة الآتي
🌹reflux esophagitis
🌹achalasia
🌹congenital fistula
🌹congenital and acquired esophageal diverticulum
🌹Barrett's esophagus
🌹 squamous cell carcinoma
🌹 Barrett's metaplasia and the associated adenocarcinoma
🌹 esophageal ulcers
🌹 esophageal atresia

اي discontinuation or loss of the esophagus


ثانيا ال stomach
تضمنت المحاضرة
🌹acute gastritis
🌹H pylori associated chronic gastritis
we get neutrophils and secondary lymphocytic follicles
with clear germinal center also
rods or comma shaped bacteria (H . pylori )
🌹 autoimmune associated
chronic gastritis characterized by lymphocytes infiltration and
need continuous checking by the doctor to prevent the development of cancer
🌹peptic ulcer (benign and malignant )
the benign is inverted but the malignant is everted

🌹gastric adenocarcinoma
🌹acute erosive gastritis associated with bleeding
🌹 lymphoma associated with H . Pylori
🌹axial and paraesophageal hiatal hernia most common cause of reflex esophagitis
🌹 hyperplastic polyps
🌹 adenomatous polyps
🌹intestinal metaplasia with highly goblet cells



ثالثا ال small intestine
note /the small intestine is characterized by the presence of villi and microvilli to increase
the surface area for absorption

note / large intestine is rich in goplet cells and libercohn glands with crepts زيما البئر
to increase the absorption of water and convert the lumenal material to semi solid








رابعا ال large intestine
🌹chron's disease
may extend to serosa making
fissures or perforation
characterized by the skip areas
and the

🌹ulcerative colitis
involving all mucosa and no skip areas but continuous disease
🌹familial polyposis colitis
thousands of colic polyps need whole cholecystectomy
🌹 adenomatous polyps
🌹hyperplastic polyps

note /the polyps with vascular core and covering epithelium

note / lung sequstertion
is the presence of lung tissue in
part of the GIT


note / the fistula of the esophagus may completely or partially open to the trachea


الاختبار شامل لكل سلايدات الترم الاول والثاني وقوفا عند اخر تشابر وهو ال GIT


صيغة الاختبار
شريحه عليها سوالين
1- what's the specific diagnosis
2_what's the specific features that help you to get the specific diagnosis

مهم /تشابتر ال genetics غير داخل في الاختبار بحكم ما درسناه نظري

#اللجنة_العلمية

الشرائح التي تم عرضها نهاية المحاضرة وركز عليها الدكتور

🌹١_massive Pulmonary embolism :

🌹2_ adenocarcinoma

the features are local invasion ++++ركزوا >>
تلاقوا ال Gland بين smooth muscle layer
and hyperchromatic nuceli ( Dysplastic Changes )

🌹3- Sarcoidosis :
فيها Asteroid cells بشكل مميز
والا بتكون Non-Caseating Granuloma

features 👉 rounded shape with lymphocytes infiltration
epitheloid cells
gaint cells
fibroblasts with collagen fibers

🌹4-- atherosclerosis(atheroma) مهم للاختبار
the features are fiberous cap
,,lipid core ,,, lumen narrowing
intimal thinking

site/ intimal or subintimal


🌹5_ cardinal signs of inflammation

as reddness ,, hotness,,, swelling,,pain,,,


#اللجنة_العلمية

🌸🌸شرائح المراجعة 👇🏻👇🏻👇🏻

#معمل_باثو
#سلايدات
#مراجعة
#الدكتور_وضاح
#اللجنة_العلمية

Slide 1
❗️Dignosis:
Acute inflammation.
‼️ Characteristic Features:
Redness and Swelling (Local signs of acute inflammation).

#معمل_باثو
#سلايدات

❗️❗️❗️Diagnosis : cardinal sign of inflammation