👉 Important concepts
🔹Which type of cement is used for underground concrete structures ?
➡️SRC (Sulphate Resisting Cement)
▶️The use of SRC is recommended for following applications:
*⃣Foundations, piles, basements and underground structures.
*⃣Sewage and Water treatment plants.
🔹What Is Roller Support
➡️Roller supports only resists perpendicular forces and they cannot resist parallel or horizontal forces & moment.
➡️It means the roller support will move freely along the surface without resisting horizontal force.
🔹What is the Concrete Temperature?
➡️Concrete temperature should not be more than 33°C & not less than 15°C in cold weather But the pumping temperature of concrete in hot weather should be 26°C.
🔹Do you know SPT ?
➡️SPT (Standard Penetration Test) is carried out to know the bearing capacity of soil.
➡️This is usually done on the foundation of bridges and the huge buildings.
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🔹Which type of cement is used for underground concrete structures ?
➡️SRC (Sulphate Resisting Cement)
▶️The use of SRC is recommended for following applications:
*⃣Foundations, piles, basements and underground structures.
*⃣Sewage and Water treatment plants.
🔹What Is Roller Support
➡️Roller supports only resists perpendicular forces and they cannot resist parallel or horizontal forces & moment.
➡️It means the roller support will move freely along the surface without resisting horizontal force.
🔹What is the Concrete Temperature?
➡️Concrete temperature should not be more than 33°C & not less than 15°C in cold weather But the pumping temperature of concrete in hot weather should be 26°C.
🔹Do you know SPT ?
➡️SPT (Standard Penetration Test) is carried out to know the bearing capacity of soil.
➡️This is usually done on the foundation of bridges and the huge buildings.
#ConstructionNotes
@Architecturec
👉 Important concepts
🔹Compression failure in columns
➡️When columns are axially loaded, the concrete and steel will experience some stresses.
➡️When the loads are greater in amount compared to the cross sectional area of the column, the concrete and steel will reach the yield stress and failure will be starting without any later deformation.
➡️In this type of failure, the material fails itself, not the whole column.
➡️This type of failure mostly occurs in shorter and wider columns.
➡️To avoid this, the column should be made with sufficient cross-sectional area compared to the allowable stress.
🚧Function of stirrups in the column
➡️Stirrups are provided to handle the shear force and to hold the rebars in position.
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🔹Compression failure in columns
➡️When columns are axially loaded, the concrete and steel will experience some stresses.
➡️When the loads are greater in amount compared to the cross sectional area of the column, the concrete and steel will reach the yield stress and failure will be starting without any later deformation.
➡️In this type of failure, the material fails itself, not the whole column.
➡️This type of failure mostly occurs in shorter and wider columns.
➡️To avoid this, the column should be made with sufficient cross-sectional area compared to the allowable stress.
🚧Function of stirrups in the column
➡️Stirrups are provided to handle the shear force and to hold the rebars in position.
#ConstructionNotes
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👉Some important facts
🚧1. Weight of one cement bag = 50 kg
🚧2. Minimu m thickness of slab = 125 mm
🚧3. Minimum lintel thickness =15 cm
🚧4. Minimum diameter of bars used in slab= 8 mm
🚧5. Minimum diameter of bars Used in column = 12 mm
🚧6. Maximum diameter of bars in slab= 1/8x(thickness of slab )
🚧7. Maximum chair spacing = 1m
🚧8. Initial setting time of cement = 30 min
🚧9. Final setting time = 10 hrs ( 600 minutes )
🚧10. DPR = Detailed Project Report
🚧11. Unit weight
▶RCC = 25 KN/ m3
▶PCC = 24 KN/ m3
▶Steel = 7850 kg/ m3
🚧12. Minimum number of bars For square column or rectangular = 4 bars & For circular column = 6 bars
🚧13. Weight of steel = D2/162.2 kg/m.
🚧14. Slope of staircase = 25° -40° from horizontal.
🚧15. Size of concrete testing cube= (150x150x150)mm.
🚧16. Concrete cube is filled in 3 layers.
🚧17. Slump cone is filled in 4 layers.
🚧18. Cement should be used within three months of manufacturing.
🚧19. Minimum thickness of shear wall = 150 mm.
🚧20. Maximum thickness of shear wall = 400 mm.
🚧21. Universal testing machine is used for compression Test of concrete and tensile test of steel reinforcement.
🚧22. Minimum curing period of normal weather conditions is = 7 days
🚧23. Minimum curing period of dry and hot weather conditions is = 10 days
🚧24. Minimum percentage of steel in column = 0.8% of the cross section.
🚧25. Normal cover
➡️Footing = 50 mm
➡️Column = 25 mm
➡️Slab = 15 mm
➡️Beam = 25 mm
🚧26. Number Of Clear span stirrups in beam = Center to Center length /Total Length +1
🚧27. RCC is affected by water because of the corrosion of reinforcement bars.
🚧28. PCC is not affected by the water
🚧29. Maximum free fall of concrete = 1.5 m
🚧30. Air voids left in concrete is called as Honey Combing.
🚧31. The transverse reinforcement of column are called TIES.
🚧32. The transverse reinforcement in beams are called STIRRUPS.
🚧33. Cement ingredients are Burnt @ 1400°C temperature
🚧34. Short columns fail in Crushing.
🚧35. Long columns fail in Buckling.
🚧36. Intermediate columns can fail both in Buckling and Crushing.
🚧37. Strength of reinforcement shouldn't be less than 15 % of its designated strength.
🚧38. Compressive strength of bricks
▶️1st class bricks = 105 kg/cm2.
▶️2nd class bricks = 70 kg/cm2.
▶️3rd class bricks = 35 kg/cm2.
🚧39. PH value of water used concrete should not be less than 6.
🚧40. Riser = (150 - 200) mm.
🚧41. Tread = (250 - 300) mm.
🚧42. Height of parapet wall should be= 1m.
🚧43. TMT - Thermo mechanically treated bars.
🚧44. TMX - Thermax powered bars
🚧45. SDB - Super ductile bars.
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🚧1. Weight of one cement bag = 50 kg
🚧2. Minimu m thickness of slab = 125 mm
🚧3. Minimum lintel thickness =15 cm
🚧4. Minimum diameter of bars used in slab= 8 mm
🚧5. Minimum diameter of bars Used in column = 12 mm
🚧6. Maximum diameter of bars in slab= 1/8x(thickness of slab )
🚧7. Maximum chair spacing = 1m
🚧8. Initial setting time of cement = 30 min
🚧9. Final setting time = 10 hrs ( 600 minutes )
🚧10. DPR = Detailed Project Report
🚧11. Unit weight
▶RCC = 25 KN/ m3
▶PCC = 24 KN/ m3
▶Steel = 7850 kg/ m3
🚧12. Minimum number of bars For square column or rectangular = 4 bars & For circular column = 6 bars
🚧13. Weight of steel = D2/162.2 kg/m.
🚧14. Slope of staircase = 25° -40° from horizontal.
🚧15. Size of concrete testing cube= (150x150x150)mm.
🚧16. Concrete cube is filled in 3 layers.
🚧17. Slump cone is filled in 4 layers.
🚧18. Cement should be used within three months of manufacturing.
🚧19. Minimum thickness of shear wall = 150 mm.
🚧20. Maximum thickness of shear wall = 400 mm.
🚧21. Universal testing machine is used for compression Test of concrete and tensile test of steel reinforcement.
🚧22. Minimum curing period of normal weather conditions is = 7 days
🚧23. Minimum curing period of dry and hot weather conditions is = 10 days
🚧24. Minimum percentage of steel in column = 0.8% of the cross section.
🚧25. Normal cover
➡️Footing = 50 mm
➡️Column = 25 mm
➡️Slab = 15 mm
➡️Beam = 25 mm
🚧26. Number Of Clear span stirrups in beam = Center to Center length /Total Length +1
🚧27. RCC is affected by water because of the corrosion of reinforcement bars.
🚧28. PCC is not affected by the water
🚧29. Maximum free fall of concrete = 1.5 m
🚧30. Air voids left in concrete is called as Honey Combing.
🚧31. The transverse reinforcement of column are called TIES.
🚧32. The transverse reinforcement in beams are called STIRRUPS.
🚧33. Cement ingredients are Burnt @ 1400°C temperature
🚧34. Short columns fail in Crushing.
🚧35. Long columns fail in Buckling.
🚧36. Intermediate columns can fail both in Buckling and Crushing.
🚧37. Strength of reinforcement shouldn't be less than 15 % of its designated strength.
🚧38. Compressive strength of bricks
▶️1st class bricks = 105 kg/cm2.
▶️2nd class bricks = 70 kg/cm2.
▶️3rd class bricks = 35 kg/cm2.
🚧39. PH value of water used concrete should not be less than 6.
🚧40. Riser = (150 - 200) mm.
🚧41. Tread = (250 - 300) mm.
🚧42. Height of parapet wall should be= 1m.
🚧43. TMT - Thermo mechanically treated bars.
🚧44. TMX - Thermax powered bars
🚧45. SDB - Super ductile bars.
#ConstructionNotes
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