1. Хронология образцов: Иран/Туран, Анатолия
2. Результаты анализа ADMIXTURE, где зеленый, бирюзовый, оранжевый, красный и синий цвета представляют предковые компоненты, максимизированные соответственно у иранских фермеров из Загроса, фермеров из Анатолии, а также охотников-собирателей из Западной Сибири, Южной Азии и Западной Европы
2. Результаты анализа ADMIXTURE, где зеленый, бирюзовый, оранжевый, красный и синий цвета представляют предковые компоненты, максимизированные соответственно у иранских фермеров из Загроса, фермеров из Анатолии, а также охотников-собирателей из Западной Сибири, Южной Азии и Западной Европы
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Forwarded from Hereditas (Arch)
🧬qpAdm model of Kura-Araxes culture
The Kura–Araxes culture can be modelled as deriving the majority of its ancestry from the Shulaveri–Shomu cultural horizon, represented in this dataset by the Mentesh Tepe sample (67.7% ± 4.32%). The material culture of Shulaveri–Shomu, like that of many Neolithic populations in the South Caucasus, exhibits notable parallels with Near Eastern Neolithic traditions, particularly the Halaf culture [1].
The second major component of Kura–Araxes ancestry appears to derive from an as yet unsampled source rich in Caucasus Hunter-Gatherer (CHG) ancestry (16.4% ± 2.62%). Compared to its Neolithic predecessors, the Kura–Araxes population demonstrates a noticeably elevated proportion of CHG-related ancestry, suggesting either additional gene flow or the persistence of a CHG-enriched substrate not fully captured by currently available proxies.
The remaining fraction of its genetic composition can be modelled as deriving from a CLV cline source,more specifically Remontnaya-like , closely related to the Berezhnovka–Progress group (15.9% ± 4.86%). Presence of this component in Kura-Araxes is commonly linked to Chalcolithic populations of the South Caucasus, such as those from Areni-1, where a substantial Berezhnovka–Progress–related signal has been identified [2].
📚 References:
The Kura–Araxes culture can be modelled as deriving the majority of its ancestry from the Shulaveri–Shomu cultural horizon, represented in this dataset by the Mentesh Tepe sample (67.7% ± 4.32%). The material culture of Shulaveri–Shomu, like that of many Neolithic populations in the South Caucasus, exhibits notable parallels with Near Eastern Neolithic traditions, particularly the Halaf culture [1].
The second major component of Kura–Araxes ancestry appears to derive from an as yet unsampled source rich in Caucasus Hunter-Gatherer (CHG) ancestry (16.4% ± 2.62%). Compared to its Neolithic predecessors, the Kura–Araxes population demonstrates a noticeably elevated proportion of CHG-related ancestry, suggesting either additional gene flow or the persistence of a CHG-enriched substrate not fully captured by currently available proxies.
The remaining fraction of its genetic composition can be modelled as deriving from a CLV cline source,more specifically Remontnaya-like , closely related to the Berezhnovka–Progress group (15.9% ± 4.86%). Presence of this component in Kura-Araxes is commonly linked to Chalcolithic populations of the South Caucasus, such as those from Areni-1, where a substantial Berezhnovka–Progress–related signal has been identified [2].
📚 References:
1. Guarino-Vignon, P., Lefeuvre, M., Chimènes, A. et al. Genome-wide analysis of a collective grave from Mentesh Tepe provides insight into the population structure of early neolithic population in the South Caucasus. Commun Biol 6, 319 (2023). 🔗 [Link]
2.Lazaridis, I., Patterson, N., Anthony, D. et al. The genetic origin of the Indo-Europeans. Nature 639, 132–142 (2025).🔗 [Link]
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Forwarded from Circassian DNA
⚱️Культура Шулавери-Шомутепе
Географическое положение поселений, с 6000 по 5000 г. до н.э. Считается, что эта культура возникла вскоре после резкого похолодания 6200 г. до н. э., продолжавшегося около двух столетий. Предшествует Куро-Аракской культуре.
Географическое положение поселений, с 6000 по 5000 г. до н.э. Считается, что эта культура возникла вскоре после резкого похолодания 6200 г. до н. э., продолжавшегося около двух столетий. Предшествует Куро-Аракской культуре.
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Forwarded from Circassian DNA (Muha Kabartay)
Chalcolithic period in Caucasus
4300-3500 BC Chaff Faced Ware
It was stretched from Cilicia to Caspian sea. This cultural horizon is the common denominator of Minoan Y-DNA and Maykop Y-DNA. Their common ancestor.
One group moved to north from South Caucasus were a variant of this culture is known as Leila-Tepe. In the north they participated to the formation of Maykop culture. While another group moved to Crete and Greek islands. From Aintab-Urfa region. Also possible that CFW related groups moved to Central Asia.
This is the reason why we have similar haplotypes in both places:
🧬 T1a3 and L2
both in Maykop and Greece.
With more sampling from Maykop we will find more common haplotypes.
We have some aDNA from CFW period. It's Areni from Armenia and Azerbaijan LC. Both can be used for the modeling of Maykop in qpAdm (see models in comments).
5300-4000 BC Sioni-Adablur culture
A different group who were adding grit to the pottery. We don't have ancient DNA from that period and sites.
From Sagona's book.
4300-3500 BC Chaff Faced Ware
It was stretched from Cilicia to Caspian sea. This cultural horizon is the common denominator of Minoan Y-DNA and Maykop Y-DNA. Their common ancestor.
One group moved to north from South Caucasus were a variant of this culture is known as Leila-Tepe. In the north they participated to the formation of Maykop culture. While another group moved to Crete and Greek islands. From Aintab-Urfa region. Also possible that CFW related groups moved to Central Asia.
This is the reason why we have similar haplotypes in both places:
🧬 T1a3 and L2
both in Maykop and Greece.
With more sampling from Maykop we will find more common haplotypes.
We have some aDNA from CFW period. It's Areni from Armenia and Azerbaijan LC. Both can be used for the modeling of Maykop in qpAdm (see models in comments).
5300-4000 BC Sioni-Adablur culture
A different group who were adding grit to the pottery. We don't have ancient DNA from that period and sites.
From Sagona's book.
💩2
Forwarded from Hereditas (Arch)
🌾Masis Blur-like source-67.8%
🏹Caucasus Lower Volga Cline-32.2%
🗒️Outsources:
"Mbuti.DG","Ethiopia_4500BP.AG","Russia_UstIshim_IUP.DG","Russia_Kostenki14_UP.SG","Belgium_Magdalenian.AG",'Russia_MA1_UP.SG',"Italy_Epigravettian.SG","Turkey_Central_Pinarbasi_Epipaleolithic.AG","Iran_Wezmeh_N.SG","Georgia_Kotias_Mesolithic.SG","Morocco_Iberomaurusian.AG","Russia_YuzhniyOleniyOstrov_Mesolithic.AG","Russia_Steppe_Eneolithic.AG","Turkey_Central_Boncuklu_PPN.AG","Armenia_Aknashen_N.AG","Turkey_Southeast_Cayonu_PPN.SG"
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Forwarded from Maykop Culture DNA
🐂 Maykop Culture
Майкопская культура – археол. культура бронзового века, существовавшая 5000-5700 лет назад [1] на Западном Кавказе.
🗡️ Согласно исследованиям палеоДНК из Майкопской культуры [2], её население пришло юга Кавказа и являлось потомками земледельцев эпохи энеолита, известных как Дарквети-Мешоко, которые первыми колонизировали северные склоны Кавказа.
Таким образом, Майкоп:
Источники:
[1] Ivanova, M. "The Chronology of the 'Maikop Culture' in the North Caucasus: Changing Perspectives", 2007, Armenian Journal of Near Eastern Studies. 2: 7–39
[2] Wang, CC., Reinhold, S., Kalmykov, A. et al. Ancient human genome-wide data from a 3000-year interval in the Caucasus corresponds with eco-geographic regions. Nat Commun 10, 590 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-08220-8
[3] J. P. Mallory, "Maykop Culture", Encyclopedia of Indo-European culture, Fitzroy Dearborn, 1997
[4] Р.М. Мунчаев, Н.Я. Мерперт, Ш.Н. Амиров Телль-Хазна I. Культово-административный центр IV–III тыс. до н. э. в Северо-вост. Сирии. Изд. «Палеограф». Москва 2004
Майкопская культура – археол. культура бронзового века, существовавшая 5000-5700 лет назад [1] на Западном Кавказе.
Таким образом, Майкоп:
«идеальный археологический кандидат на роль основателей северо-западнокавказской языковой семьи» [3-4].
Источники:
[1] Ivanova, M. "The Chronology of the 'Maikop Culture' in the North Caucasus: Changing Perspectives", 2007, Armenian Journal of Near Eastern Studies. 2: 7–39
[2] Wang, CC., Reinhold, S., Kalmykov, A. et al. Ancient human genome-wide data from a 3000-year interval in the Caucasus corresponds with eco-geographic regions. Nat Commun 10, 590 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-08220-8
[3] J. P. Mallory, "Maykop Culture", Encyclopedia of Indo-European culture, Fitzroy Dearborn, 1997
[4] Р.М. Мунчаев, Н.Я. Мерперт, Ш.Н. Амиров Телль-Хазна I. Культово-административный центр IV–III тыс. до н. э. в Северо-вост. Сирии. Изд. «Палеограф». Москва 2004
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💩2
Forwarded from Caucasus DNA
Карта древних образцов ДНК, показывающих генетическое происхождение кавказских охотников-собирателей (CHG) из археолог. памятников 12-2 тысячелетий до н.э. на Кавказе и прилегающих территориях, а также ядра основных археологических культур региона 6-7 тыс. лет назад, энеолит Кавказа (Fig. 1A.):
⚱️ Дарквети-Мешоко
⚱️ Шулавери-Шомутепе
Цифры обозначают палеоДНК образцы и указаны в Таб. 1 [1].
Источник:
[1] Trifonov, V. 2023 link
⚱️ Дарквети-Мешоко
⚱️ Шулавери-Шомутепе
Цифры обозначают палеоДНК образцы и указаны в Таб. 1 [1].
Источник:
[1] Trifonov, V. 2023 link
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Доли предковых компонентов неолитической группы, рассчитанные с помощью qpAdm. POT = Полутепе, MB = Масис Блур, Akn = Акнашен
Genome-wide analysis of a collective grave from Mentesh Tepe provides insight into the population structure of early neolithic population in the South Caucasus
Genome-wide analysis of a collective grave from Mentesh Tepe provides insight into the population structure of early neolithic population in the South Caucasus
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