1. Double Fortified Salt (DFS) is an effective public health intervention developed to help address which of the following combinations of nutritional conditions?
Anonymous Quiz
7%
Scurvy and Rickets
87%
Goitre and Iron-Deficiency Anaemia
0%
Xerophthalmia and Beriberi
7%
Pellagra and Megaloblastic Anaemia
2. With reference to the Extended Reality (XR) continuum, which one of the following correctly describes Mixed Reality (MR)?
A. The complete replacement of physical sensory inputs by an interactive synthetic three-dimensional simulation.
B. The visual projection of non-interactive digital labels onto real-world spatial environments through optical displays.
C. The co-existence and dynamic real-time interaction of physical and digital objects within a shared spatial context.
D. The omnidirectional photographic recording and passive playback of spherical real-world panoramic environments.
A. The complete replacement of physical sensory inputs by an interactive synthetic three-dimensional simulation.
B. The visual projection of non-interactive digital labels onto real-world spatial environments through optical displays.
C. The co-existence and dynamic real-time interaction of physical and digital objects within a shared spatial context.
D. The omnidirectional photographic recording and passive playback of spherical real-world panoramic environments.
3. With reference to the Food Safety and Standards (Food Products Standards and Food Additives) Regulations, 2011, consider the following statements:
1. The use of permitted synthetic food colours is restricted to specified food categories under the regulations.
2. Synthetic food colours may be added to raw, unprocessed milk without any specific regulatory authorisation.
1. The use of permitted synthetic food colours is restricted to specified food categories under the regulations.
2. Synthetic food colours may be added to raw, unprocessed milk without any specific regulatory authorisation.
Which of the above statements are correct?
Anonymous Quiz
86%
1 only
0%
2 only
14%
Both 1 and 2
0%
Neither 1 nor 2
The European microstate of Liechtenstein is bordered exclusively by which of the following pairs of countries?
Anonymous Quiz
14%
France and Germany
43%
Germany and Austria
36%
Switzerland and Austria
7%
Italy and Switzerland
5. Consider the following statements regarding Extended Reality (XR) and spatial computing:
1. Virtual Reality (VR) typically immerses users in a computer-generated environment that replaces their direct visual view of the physical surroundings.
2. Augmented Reality (AR) overlays digital content onto the physical environment, while Mixed Reality (MR) can enable spatially aware interactions between digital objects and the physical environment.
3. Haptic technology uses sensory feedback mechanisms to simulate sensations such as touch, vibration, pressure and mechanical resistance.
1. Virtual Reality (VR) typically immerses users in a computer-generated environment that replaces their direct visual view of the physical surroundings.
2. Augmented Reality (AR) overlays digital content onto the physical environment, while Mixed Reality (MR) can enable spatially aware interactions between digital objects and the physical environment.
3. Haptic technology uses sensory feedback mechanisms to simulate sensations such as touch, vibration, pressure and mechanical resistance.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
Anonymous Quiz
6%
1 and 2 only
19%
2 and 3 only
0%
1 and 3 only
75%
1, 2 and 3
Metal–Organic Frameworks (MOFs)
Definition:
Metal–Organic Frameworks (MOFs) are highly porous materials made from metal ions or clusters connected by organic molecules, forming structures with a large internal surface area.
🔹 Key Features
➤ Porous Structure: Contains numerous tiny pores that can capture or store selected molecules.
➤ High Surface Area: Provides a large internal area relative to the material's size.
➤ Customisable: Their structures can be designed for specific applications.
➤ Selective Adsorption: Some MOFs can selectively capture gases and other substances.
🔹 Applications
✓ Carbon Capture: Research into capturing carbon dioxide from industrial emissions and air.
✓ Gas Storage: Potential storage of hydrogen and methane.
✓ Water Harvesting: Certain MOFs can collect water from humid air.
✓ Chemical Separation: Separating gases and other chemical compounds.
✓ Catalysis: Supporting chemical reactions.
🔹 Importance
• May contribute to climate-change mitigation and cleaner industrial processes.
• Could improve gas separation and storage technologies.
• Offers potential applications in energy, environmental science and chemical engineering.
🔹 UPSC Prelims Tips
✓ MOFs consist of metal components + organic linkers.
✓ Their porous structures and large internal surface areas make them useful for adsorption and separation.
✓ MOFs are being researched for carbon capture, gas storage and atmospheric water harvesting.
🔹 Memory Trick
MOF = Metal + Organic linkers + Framework of pores.
The 31 October 2026 current affairs cover Economy, International Relations, Science & Technology, and Polity & Governance.
Key themes include India’s poverty reduction, India–China relations, AI-driven military modernisation, social security for gig and unorganised workers, next-generation navigation satellites, judicial interpretation of consent, and changes in India’s oil imports.
The atlas section focuses on Argentina, Portugal, and Croatia, including their neighbours, capitals, and nearby water bodies.
Key themes include India’s poverty reduction, India–China relations, AI-driven military modernisation, social security for gig and unorganised workers, next-generation navigation satellites, judicial interpretation of consent, and changes in India’s oil imports.
The atlas section focuses on Argentina, Portugal, and Croatia, including their neighbours, capitals, and nearby water bodies.
1.Consider the following statements:
1. Minority disinvestment requires the government to retain more than half of the equity.
2. Strategic disinvestment involves relinquishing management control to a strategic private buyer.
3. Asset monetisation entails the outright sale of primary state ownership in public enterprises.
1. Minority disinvestment requires the government to retain more than half of the equity.
2. Strategic disinvestment involves relinquishing management control to a strategic private buyer.
3. Asset monetisation entails the outright sale of primary state ownership in public enterprises.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Anonymous Quiz
60%
1 and 2 only
20%
2 and 3 only
20%
1 and 3 only
0%
1, 2 and 3
2. Consider the following statements regarding the Pradhan Mantri Viksit Gram Swaraj Yojana (PM VGSY):
1. It is implemented as a Centrally Sponsored Scheme with shared financial contributions.
2. It completely excludes Sixth Schedule and non-Part IX tribal areas from its scope.
3. It integrates cross-departmental interventions via eGramSwaraj for Gram Panchayat Development Plans.
1. It is implemented as a Centrally Sponsored Scheme with shared financial contributions.
2. It completely excludes Sixth Schedule and non-Part IX tribal areas from its scope.
3. It integrates cross-departmental interventions via eGramSwaraj for Gram Panchayat Development Plans.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Anonymous Quiz
0%
1 only
0%
2 and 3 only
100%
1 and 3 only
0%
1, 2 and 3
Which of the following statements best reflects the primary objective of establishing Sports R&D Centres of Excellence under the Khelo India Sports Goods Manufacturing Scheme?
Anonymous Quiz
0%
Direct financial subsidisation of overseas retail sports equipment purchases
17%
Creation of municipal fitness tracks across urban non-industrial centers
83%
Domestic development of smart equipment, advanced polymers, and carbon composites
0%
Replacement of domestic small-scale manufacturing units with foreign retail chains
With reference to India’s maritime security and defense diplomacy, the deployment of INS Sahyadri to the Busan Naval Base primarily reinforces which of the following?
Anonymous Quiz
0%
Exclusive surveillance over polar navigation corridors
71%
Act East Policy and the SAGAR doctrine in East Asian waters
29%
The permanent termination of bilateral exercises with ASEAN member nations
0%
Transfer of naval sovereign command to the Republic of Korea Navy
5. Consider the following statements regarding 'Bio-based Chemicals':
1. Lactic acid and bio-alcohols are examples of organic intermediates produced via fermentation.
2. These chemicals are primarily used as substitutes for metals in heavy industrial manufacturing.
3. Microbial fermentation is a common process used for the formation of these chemicals.
1. Lactic acid and bio-alcohols are examples of organic intermediates produced via fermentation.
2. These chemicals are primarily used as substitutes for metals in heavy industrial manufacturing.
3. Microbial fermentation is a common process used for the formation of these chemicals.
How many of the above statements are incorrect?
Anonymous Quiz
14%
Only one
71%
Only two
14%
All three
0%
None
CA NOTES OCT 31.pdf
432.7 KB
The 31 October 2026 current affairs cover Geography, Defence Technology, Environment, Polity & Governance, and Water Management.
Key topics include conservation challenges facing Kariyachalli Island,
The capabilities of the AMRAAM missile,
Discovery of a microscopic land snail in Maharashtra,
Recognition of police and forensic excellence through
The Kendriya Grihmantri Dakshata Padak, and
Geospatial technology for scientific groundwater recharge planning through Punah Bharan.
Key topics include conservation challenges facing Kariyachalli Island,
The capabilities of the AMRAAM missile,
Discovery of a microscopic land snail in Maharashtra,
Recognition of police and forensic excellence through
The Kendriya Grihmantri Dakshata Padak, and
Geospatial technology for scientific groundwater recharge planning through Punah Bharan.