ECONOMY by VIVEK SINGH
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This channel provides daily analysis of Economy news relevant for UPSC/RBI/SEBI/ NABARD etc.

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Since liberalization in 1991, India's trade/GDP ratio (openness of economy) has almost tripled.
Final Results
78%
(a) TRUE
22%
(b) FALSE
The above statement is True.
India's trade/GDP ratio in in 1991 was 16% of GDP and now it is around 47% of GDP
India's Trade/GDP. Presently its around 47%
World Trade/GDP ratio. Presently its around 59%
A bear market is associated with price declines in an overall market or index (like NIFTY 50) of ................. or more. Fill in the blank with suitable options:
Final Results
33%
(a) 10%
28%
(b) 15%
25%
(c) 20%
13%
(d) 25%
The correct answer to the above question is (c) 20%
No explanation needed
Term of the day: 'Orange Economy'

Orange economy’, also known as the creative economy, refers to economic activities that leverage creativity, culture, and intellectual property to generate wealth and jobs.
Source: The Hindu

The Production Linked Incentive (PLI) Scheme is WTO compliant as it does not include export obligations or link subsidies to export performance, which are not allowed under WTO rules. It only incentivises investment sales growth within India
Source: Indian Express

In the last few years, RBI has increased its gold holdings. As of March 2025, RBI 879.59 Tonnes of Gold out of which 511.99 Tonnes is domestically stored, 348.62 Tonnes is held with Bank of England and Bank of International Settlement and 18.98 tonnes are in form of Gold Deposits.

Share of Gold in our Forex reserves has increased to 11.7% as of March 2025.

Countries with highest gold reserves are USA, Germany, Italy, France, China, India, Japan...
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Source: Indian Express

India and UK signed Free Trade Agreement. Just have a look on which products will benefit under FTA.

Clarification: For Animal products it is written Duty Range 20% and Under FTA 99.3%. It means the present duty is up to 20% on different Animal products but under FTA for 99.3% of the animal products duty will become zero.
Source: Indian Express
Source: Indian Express

Pls read the highlighted portion to understand 'Extended Fund Facility (EFF)' offered to Pakistan. Its for handling BoP crisis by country's facing structural weaknesses.

Indian Economy is presently 10.5 times bigger in size than Pakistan. Indian Economy is $4 Trillion while Pakistan is $380 billion.
Source: Indian Express. Please read the details below:
Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS)

PLFS (started in 2017) is conducted by NSO and it used to report employment and unemployment related data for Urban areas on quarterly basis and for Rural areas on annual basis and then an Annual Report used to be released combining both rural and urban areas from July to June period. Now this stands changed from April 2025.

New PLFS highlights

1) Now Employment and unemployment related indicators (viz. Labour Force Participation Rate, Worker Population Ratio, Unemployment Rate) will be estimated on a monthly basis for rural and urban areas at all-India level in the Current Weekly Status (CWS) [https://t.me/VivekSingh_Economy/4131] and thereby produce quarterly estimates in both usual status and current weekly status in both rural and urban areas annually.

2) The new/revamped PLFS will have additional details about (a) education, (b) land possessed and land leased out, and (c) households' usual monthly income from rent, pension, interest and remittances.

3) The annual report will follow the calendar year i.e. from January to Dec. So, the first annual report will come for period Jan 2025 to Dec 2025. And the first monthly report will come for April month in May 2025.
Source: Indian Express
As discussed yesterday, April month report of PLFS has come. Just have a look at some of the facts highlighted. No need to read the entire article and no need to follow this monthly report on a regular basis. Just have look of Unemployment rate and Labour Force Participation Rate.
As per Economic Capital Framework (ECF), RBI (out of its profit), should keep some capital reserve and rest it should transfer to Govt. of India. Presently RBI keeps 5.5% to 6.5% of its balance sheet (assets/liabilities) as capital reserve (recommended by Bimal Jalan Committee) and rest it should transfer as dividend to Govt. This is being reviewed by Govt. and RBI both as Govt. wants more dividend to meet its various expenditure commitments.
Source: Indian Express

US Federal Govt. (excluding State and Local Govt.) debt is 98% and Fiscal deficit 6.4% of GDP in 2024 which is expected to rise further. This is the main reason of sovereign rating downgrade.

India's Central Govt. Debt is 55% and Fiscal Deficit is 4.8% in FY 2024-25.

What is Sovereign Rating??
Answer: https://t.me/VivekSingh_Economy/4345
Indian Economy Book 9th edition will come in the market in the next 2/3 days